• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was done to develop and test a structural model for caregiving experience including caregiving satisfaction and caregiving strain in families providing care for family members with a mental disorder. Methods: The Stress-appraisal-coping model was used as the conceptual framework and the structural equation model to confirm the path that explains what and how variables affect caregiving experience in these families. In this hypothesis model, exogenous variables were optimism, severity of illness and uncertainty. The endogenous variables were self efficacy, social support, caregiving satisfaction and caregiving strain. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. Results: Optimism and caregiving self-efficacy had significant direct and indirect effects on caregiving satisfaction. Optimism, severity of illness and uncertainty had significant direct and indirect effects on caregiving strain. The modified path model explained effects of optimism on caregiving self-efficacy with social support in the path structure as a mediator. Also, there were direct and indirect effects of optimism and uncertainty on caregiving satisfaction with social support and caregiving self-efficacy in the path structure as a mediators. Conclusion: Results suggest the need to improve caregiving self-efficacy of these families, establish support systems such as a mental health professional support programs for caregiving self-efficacy. Optimism, severity of illness and uncertainty perceived by families need to be considered in the development of support programs in order to increase their effectiveness.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.102-124
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• 2002

To find out more efficient ways of implementing health promotion programs and to determine the factors affecting the results of various interventions, we reviewed 73 articles un the effectiveness of health promotion programs. These include the papers on the smoking, alcohol, drug abuse, nutrition(obesity) and stress management etc. Specific interventions evaluated in this review are education based on the lecture or video shows, health-related event activities, modifications of policy or the environment, health risk appraisal etc. By using KIHASA Line of Korea Institute of Health and Social Affairs, National Congress Library Database MEDLINE, we identified 201 articles published from 1980 to Jun. 1979 and finally selected 73 papers which contain the implementation process, and result of each program. The factors used in the analysis of the programs are (1) characteristics of participants (2) interventions evaluated (3) research design (4) length of programs and evacuation point (7) outcome indices (6) effect of program evaluated by each author. The study results did not prove positive effect of education based on lectures or video shows etc. Rather, it was suggested that lecture-based education has negative effect on the result. Event activity such as contest or health festivals has positive effect, and policy change or environmental change is closely related to the event activity. Also, the result shows that the overall effect of programs fur the students is less than that of the programs for the others. The programs conducted over, 1-year are mere likely to have positive outcomes than shorter ones. And, the outcomes of the programs with controlled research design such as experimental or quasi-experimental study tend to be evaluated inferiorly to those with non-experimental design.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2014

Background: Informal care is increasingly recognized as placing a significant burden on the lives of family caregivers. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors related to family caregivers' burden with the community-dwelling disabled elderly under the long-term care insurance system, using the Stress Process Model developed by Pearlin (1990). Methods: Total 1,233 family caregivers with the disabled elderly, using the long-term care services in their home from May to June 2009, completed questionnaires finally. The questionnaire of this study consists of a total of 32 questions, including 11 questions related to background and context, 17 questions related to objective stressors, and 4 questions related to coping resourses. Family caregivers' burden is measured by the Korean Revised Caregiving Appraisal Scale (K-RCAS, Cronbach's alpha=0.86). To investigate factors related to family caregivers' burden, multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: The average score of caregivers' burden was 22.0 (${\pm}6.12$). In multiple regression analysis, there were statistically significant factors affecting on the family caregivers' burden, that are related to background and context (region, living status, education level, relationship with beneficiary), objective stressors (duration of caregiving), coping resourses (caregiver's health status). Conclusion: This study found that family caregivers experience a considerable burden. The findings suggest that policies must be taken to relieve family caregivers of their duties temporarily, and to support them with counselling and education.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.74-88
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• 2019

Objectives The aim of this study is systematic evaluation of the quality of qualitative studies related to short stature. It will be utilized as fundamental data for future qualitative research about Korean Medicine Pediatrics treatment for short stature. Methods We searched qualitative studies related to short stature in the Pubmed. Two researchers independently assessed the quality of the qualitative researches by using Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) and Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). We also qualitatively synthesized theme of each included studies. We presented integrated theme and categories with in vivo coding about qualitative research about short stature. Results A total of 47 papers were screened and 7 papers were finally selected. In the quality assessment using COREQ, detalied information about the researchers, methods of approach, reasons for non-participation, presence of non-participants, participant's review of the transcript, and participant's review of the findings were insufficient. In the quality evaluation using CASP, there were lack of justifications for the research methods, description method of research, and bias in process of data analysis. The findings were synthesized into three themes: fixed idea about height, discomfort caused by small stature and personal coping strategy with stress caused by short stature. Conclusions In further qualitative research, it is necessary to report the research according to COREQ and CASP checklist. It is also necessary to understand the stress and coping strategies to short stature of patients, We need to develop a social management strategy for short stature.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2003

치과의료 종사자의 연봉제 도입에 대한 의식 고찰을 통하여 연봉제에 대한 바람직한 방향 설정과 활성화 방안을 모색하는 계기를 마련하고자 문헌과 자료를 조사하고, 전국 치과 병, 의원에 종사는 구성원 95명을 대상으로 2002년 4월부터 8월까지 약 5개월 동안 설문조사를 실시하여 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 근무하는 병원의 형태에 따라 연봉제에 대한 인식을 살펴본 결과, 치과병원의 종사자가 치과의원의 종사자보다 연봉제 실시로 인한 경영참여의식(p<.001)과 업무생산성의 향상(p<.01), 목표달성에 대한 사명감(p<.01), 장래에 대한 불안감(p<.05)에 대해 더 높은 인식을 보였다. 2. 연봉제에 대한 치과의사와 치과위생사의 인식을 살펴본 결과, 치과의사가 치과위생사보다 연봉제 실시로 인한 성과평가의 공정성(p<.01)과 능력발휘 풍토변화(p<.01), 업무생산성의 향상(p<.001), 목표달성에 대한 사명감(p<.001), 그리고 연봉제에 대해 높은 인식(p<.01)을 보이고 있음을 알 수 있다. 3. 근무경력에 따라 연봉제에 대한 인식을 살펴본 결과, 근무경력이 오래될수록 업무의 엄격성 강화정도(p<.05)와 단기 업적주의 치중 가능성(p<.05)에 대해 높은 인식을 보였으며, 3~5년 종사자가 다른 종사자보다 근무시간의 변화(p<.01)에 대해 높은 인식을 보였고, 2년 이하의 종사자가 연봉제에 대해 가장 높은 인식(p<.05)을 보이고 있음을 알 수 있다. 4. 연봉제가 성과를 거두기 위한 전제조건으로 평가결과의 공정성이 전제되어야 한다고 인식하는 치과의료 종사자가 31.6%로 가장 많았으며, 다음으로 노사 상호간의 이해와 신뢰구축 26.3%, 연봉제의 구성원들에 대한 긍정적인 태도 16.8%, 연봉제에 대한 최고경영자(주체)의 확고한 신념 12.3%, 연봉산정의 기준이 되는 목표치의 달성가능 10.5% 순으로 나타났다. 또한 치과의원 종사자가 치과병원 종사자보다 연봉제가 성과를 거두기 위해서는 연봉제의 구성원에 대한 긍정적인 태도(p<.05)가 전제되어야 한다고 인식하였고, 치과의사가 치과위생보다 연봉산정의 기준이 되는 목표치의 달성가능(p<.001)이 전제되어야 한다고 인식하였다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.581-586
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• 2005

고성능 콘크리트는 단위 시멘트량이 많기 때문에 초기재령에 있어서 시멘트의 급속한 수화반응으로 인해 시멘트 경화체는 자기수축이 발생하게 된다. 이러한 자기수축 변형이 발생한 부재가 외부 또는 내부 구속 상태에 있을 경우에는 수축균열이 발생하게 되며, 이러한 초기재령에 발생한 수축균열은 콘크리트 구조물의 미관 및 내구성 저하를 초래하기 때문에 이를 억제하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 한편, 이러한 고성능 콘크리트의 자기수축을 저감시키는 방법으로서 팽창재의 혼입에 의한 수축보상이 있는데 자기수축 저감에 유효한 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 지금까지의 팽창재에 의한 고성능 콘크리트의 자기수축에 관한 연구는 실험에 근거한 연구로서 정량적인 연구가 아닌 정성적인 연구가 대부분 이었다. 이러한 팽창재에 의한 고성능 콘크리트의 자기수축 저감량을 정량적으로 평가하기 위해서는 팽창재의 수화반응 모델부터 시작하여 팽창재에 의한 시멘트 경화체의 팽창 모델을 구축할 필요가 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 초기 재령의 자기수축 저감을 목적으로 초기재령에서 빠른 팽창력을 발휘하도록 재료 설계된 에트링가이트-석회 복합계를 대상으로하여, 팽창재의 입도분포 및 수화의 진행에 따른 인접겔과의 접촉을 고려한 팽창재의 수화반응모델을 제안하였다. 또한, 제안된 팽창재의 수화반응모델을 실험적으로 모델의 타당성에 대해서 검토한 결과, 본 연구에서 제안한 팽창재의 수화반응 모델은 실험치를 양호하게 평가할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.