• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.124-134
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• 2006

Statement of problem: Streptococcus produces energy and forms extracellular polysaccharides by metabolizing sucrose. Insoluble glucan, a kind of extracellular polysaccharide, is the important material of dental plaque. Fructose affects the metabolism of sucrose. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of fructose on the metabolism of sucrose in Streptococcus mutans. Materials and methods: To determine the effect of fructose on the formation of artificial plaque by Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt, S. mutans and fructose were placed in beakers containing M17 broth and sucrose. The wires were hung on frameworks inserted into cork stoppers, and then immersed in each of the beakers. After the incubation with gentle shaking, each wire was weighed. To analyze the effect of fructose on the sucrose metabolism by S. mutans or glucosyltransferase, S. mutans and fructose were placed in M17 broth containing sucrose. After the incubation. the remaining sucrose and polymers were analysed by thin layer chromatography. Results: The following results were obtained; 1. When Streptococcus mutans was cultured in the media containing 3% sucrose for 8 hours, the mean weight of formed artificial plaque on the wires was $124.3{\pm}3.0mg$, whereas being reduced to $20.7{\pm}10.2mg$ in the media added with 3% sucrose and 4% fructose(p<0.05) 2. When the control containing glucose was added with sucrose, the optical density of Streptococcus mutans solution cultured for 24 hours was not increased compared with the control, while being increased by adding with fructose. 3. When Streptococcus mutans was incubated in the media added with sucrose and fructose for 8 hours, the number of viable cells was increased compared with the media added with sucrose. 4. The amount of remained sucrose was increased in Streptococcus mutans culture supernatant of media added with sucrose and fructose than with sucrose only. but the amount of produced insoluble glucan was decreased. 5. The amounts of remained sucrose and produced soluble glucan were increased in the culture of glucosyltransferase-contained media added with sucrose and fructose than with sucrose only, but the amount of produced insoluble glucan was decreased . Conclusion: These results indicated that the sucrose metabolism and the production of insoluble glucan were inhibited in Streptococcus mutans by adding fructose in the media containing sucrose.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1158-1164
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of the present study was to measure the level of Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans), the major causative agent in dental caries, and to examine the relationship between S. mutans level and dental caries experience. Methods : The present study was carried out in 41 university students. S.mutans plaque was detected in the saliva using Dentocult$^{(R)}$-SM and was measured in absorbance. The data were analyzed in the relevance for number of dental caries experience. Results : The group of S. mutans value has progressive caries, which was higher than that of non-suffering caries(p<0.05). More caries experience showed higher value of S. mutans(p>0.05). According to the relationship with DMFT, level of S. mutans and absorbance, correlation with the level of salivary S. mutans is shown statistically highly significant (p<0.01). The level of S. mutans in saliva and plaque and absorbance is statistically significant(p<0.05). Conclusions : The levels of S. mutans in both group of high caries experience and progressive caries was highly detected, continuous oral health management should be carried out to prevent the possible dental caries.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 2005

Dental caries is one of the most common oral diseases in the world. Glucosyltransferase (Gtase) of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) plays an important role in the develo pment of dental caries. For the purpose to develop anti- caries, we examined the effect of metabolites isolated from Streptomyces sp. M-20 on Gtase and the growth of S. mutans. Streptomyces sp. M-20 isolated from Mongolian soil showed 95~96% sequence homology with that of Streptomyces lin- colnensis. The metabolites of Streptomyces sp. M-20 were partially purified by extraction with ethyl acetate, silica gel column chromatography and preparative TLC. Partially purified metabolite, red colored component (MR-20) in ethyl acetate fraction showed potent antibacterial activitiy against S. mutans and inhibitory activity against Gtase purified from S. mutans, while another isolated yellow component (MY-20) showed no activity against S. mutans. The inhibitory activity of MR-20 against Gtase was confirmed by activity staining on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The concentration of MR-20 for 50% inhibition $(IC_{50})$ against Gtase activity was $60{\mu}g/ml$. These results suggest that MR-20 can be developed for antibacterial agent and anticaries.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-12
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• 2007

Streptococcus mutans is the major causative factor in dental caries and has been known to induce dental caries by the process of initial attachment proliferation and acid production. The pH of Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans) media and glucosyltransferase(GTase) activity were determined to evaluate the anticariogenic activity of Dioscorea batatas and Prunella vulgaris hexane fraction. In the experiment of hexane fraction of Dioscorea batatas, the relative growth ratio(RGR) against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) was determined as 93% in concentration of 0.125 mg/ml, 100% in 0.25 mg/ml. The hexane fraction of Prunella vulgaris revealed relative growth ratio(RGR) against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) as 86% in concentration of 0.25 mg/ml, 100% in 0.5 mg/ml. The relative growth ratio(RGR) against of hexane fraction were determined as 92% in concentration of 0.25 mg/ml, 100% in 0.5 mg/ml. The acidities were pH 7.2 on Dioscorea batatas and 7.0 on Prunella vulgaris in 2.0 mg/ml in contrast to pH 5.6 on Dioscorea batatas and 5.2 on Prunella vulgaris in control. The inhibitory effect to activity revealed 35% on Dioscorea batatas and 25% on Prunella vulgaris in 2.0 mg/ml. The inhibitory effect of Dioscorea batatas was more potent than Prunella vulgaris.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.149-154
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• 2018

This article intended to examine the anti-plaque activity of 4 essential oils of Lavender, Tea tree, Eucalyptus, Lemongrass against Streptococcus mutans. In the results of measuring the anti-plaque effect against Streptococcus mutans, Minimum anti-adhesive concentration of Lavender oil was 1.0% and that of Tea tree, Eucalyptus, lemongrass essential oils was 0.5 %. Also, it was confirmed that the essential oils have the effect of inhibiting acid generation by Streptococcus mutans. It was confirmed that pH of the concentration was lowered by the acid generation under the MAC by measuring pH of the solution after incubating Streptococcus mutans and the essential oils in the thermostatic bath varying their concentration. From these results, the essential oils, particularly, Tea tree, Eucalyptus, Lemongrass essential oils are the natural material inhibiting the plaque generation and the potential that they can be used to develop the oral care products was confirmed.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.522-530
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of new streptococcus detection system which used monoclonal antibody against Streptococcus mutans. 92 children aged between 2 and 8 were involved in this experiment and their saliva samples were collected for testing. Streptococcus mutans were measured by both monoclonal antibody-based detecting system (Saliva-$check^{TM}$ Mutans) and dip slide detecting system($Dentocult^{TM}$-SM). The results showed that Saliva-$check^{TM}$ Mutans levels had a significant correlation with dfs rate of subjects and the two test kits, Saliva-$check^{TM}$ Mutans and $Dentocult^{TM}$-SM were shown to have a good correlation although they were based on different mechanism.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.657-659
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• 2010

Rhizoma of Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Root of Sophora flavescens and Pericarp of Citrus unshiu were extracted with ethanol. The ethanol extracts of 4 medicinal plant were tested for the antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans. The extracts of Rhizoma of Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Root of Sophora flavescens, Root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis showed antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans. At the 300ug/disk concentration of the ethanol extract from Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Sophora flavescens showed significant antimicrobial activity against Streptcoccus mutans. These results suggested that the extracts from Dryopteris crassirhizoma could be the potential source of antimicrobial agents against S. mutans.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.199-203
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• 1999

To evaluate antidental caries activity of polylysine cell growth and acid production of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus acidophilus were microbiologically monitored in anaerobic broth system containing various concentration of polylysine. The pH and heat stability of polylysine having antimicrobial activity were also examined. Two tested microbes were fairly well grown in broth containing polylysine 0.1mg/ml however inhibited at 1 and 2mg/ml of polylysine concentration. Especially lag times of Strep-tococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus were prolonged to about hour at 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml of poly-lysine. acid production of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus acidophilus was also decreased by poly-lysine. Antimicrobial activity of polylysine was not affected by the change of pH and the heat treat-ment.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.213-217
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• 1992

Glucosyltransferase of Streptococcus mutans NCTC 10449 was purified and characterized. It relates with production of insoluble glucan in dental caries. The molecular weight was estimated to be 152.000. The optimum pH and temperature was 6.5 and $35^{\circ}C$. respectively. The enzyme was stable in alkaline pH. The Michaelis constants of the enzyme for releasing of fructose were 48 mM. Hydrolysis rate of insolut~le glucan by tlextranase was higher in S. mutuns NCTC 10449 than that of strains isolated from saliva.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.444-451
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of adherence of bacteria on various denture relining materials and to find out the effects of chitosan, when it was added to denture relining materials. Denture relining materials such as Tokuso rebase normal $set^{(R)}$, Mild $rebaron^{(R)}$, $Kooliner^{TM}$, and New $truliner^{TM}$ were used in this study. The adherence of Streptococcus mutans was studied on the surfaces in the denture relining materials with chitosan and in those without chitosan. When chitosan was added to M17 broth and MRS broth, the viable cell count of Streptococcus mutans was reduced. The viable cell count of Streptococcus mutans on the specimens decreased in the following order : Mild rebaron, Tokuso rebase normal set, and Newtruliner and Kooliner. The deture relining materials with chitosan showed a lower rate of adherence of Streptococcus mutans than those without chitosan.