• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2010

In our daily practice, we think about the diagnosis of our patient and get into a situation wherein we have to make a clinical decision. Diagnosis and treatment come from the knowledge and experiences that each dentist should have, but sometimes, we can have doubts on our decisions. "On what evidence did I make such decision? Was that really right?" Drawing our attention these days as a possible answer to this question, evidence-based dentistry seeks to apply the best available evidence gained from the scientific method to medical decision making. To make a good decision, the strength of evidence is assessed. Specifically, randomized controlled trial, systematic review, and meta-analysis are considered the highest level of evidence; cohort study, case control study, case series, animal study, bench test, and biological plausibility follow. With the approach of evidence-based dentistry, we can make objective, scientifically sound clinical decisions. It is also patient-oriented, incorporating clinical experiences and stressing good judgments; thorough and comprehensive, it uses transparent methodology. That is the reason evidence-based dentistry can be better than other assessment methods when we make a clinical decision in modern dentistry.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.1335-1343
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• 1999

This paper presents concrete pattern recognition method to identify the strength of concrete by evidence accumulation with multiple parameters based on artificial intelligence techniques. At first, zero-crossing(ZCR), mean frequency(MEANF), median frequency(MEDF) and autoregressive model coefficient(ARC) are extracted as feature parameters from ultrasonic signal of concrete. Pattern recognition is carried out through the evidence accumulation procedure using distance measured with reference parameters. A fuzzy mapping function is designed to transform the distances for the application of the evidence accumulation method. Results are presented to support the feasibility of the suggested approach for concrete pattern recognition.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.231-242
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• 2023

Purpose : This study aimed to identify ways to improve the quality of physical therapy research and ultimately review the current situation to improve evidence-based decision-making in physical therapy. Methods : For better evidence-based decision-making in physical therapy, researchers should review the quality assessment of articles in more detail and report their findings for valid and appropriate level of evidence and strength of recommendations. The level of evidence affects how well the findings are derived from well-designed literature. The evaluation of the evidence focuses primarily on the study design and the degree of bias that may compromise the validity of the findings. The final recommendation is based on a combination of the study design and literature quality. To uncover gems of information in each paper, a risk of bias assessment should be performed after the literature has been initially selected. Results : Researchers should consider the complexity of the intervention, appropriate grouping, and calculation of effect sizes for the intervention. Researchers conducting systematic reviews should provide a detailed description of the quality assessment performed and present a detailed analysis of their interpretation of the results. The results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses should be interpreted with caution and include a risk of bias assessment. Guidelines for the level of evidence and strength of recommendations should be developed and utilized more broadly to improve reporting practices in physical therapy. Conclusion : Researchers should be knowledgeable about the strengths and limitations of each study design and methodology. In the future, researchers will also need to improve their ability to critically evaluate their findings, given the potential for their results to influence clinical practice.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.130-140
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study is to examine the treatment of allergic rhinitis introduced in the Chinese guideline, and to find out the direction of evidence-establishment and applicability in developing Korean Medicine clinical practice guideline for allergic rhinitis. Method : We studied Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment of allergic rhinitis introduced in the 2018 Chinese society of allergy guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis. The treatment are classified into three categories; herbal medicines, acupuncture and the others. And we compared this guidelines with other guidelines for how they differ in description of the database, evidence of level, and strength of recommendation. Results : Herbal medicines are presented based on syndrome differentiation. The basic acupoints for allergic rhinitis are introduced as follows; Fengchi(GB20), Yingxiang(LI20), Feishu(BL13) and Taiyuan(LU9). And in comparison with other guidelines for allergic rhinitis, the Chinese guideline showed lack of description in the database, evidence of level, and strength of recommendation, though they used evidence-based models. Conclusions : Clinical practice guideline projects are also underway in Korea for benefit expansion and improving quality of medical services. It is important to develop guidelines which should be evidence-based and reflect Korean medical environment.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.428-432
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• 2010

In this study, we investigated that consumers could differentiate between levels of claims and clarify how a visual aid influences consumer understanding of the different claim levels. We interviewed 2,000 consumers in 13 shopping malls on their perception of and confidence in different levels of health claims using seven point scales. The average confidence scores given by participants were 4.17 for the probable level and 4.07 for the possible level; the score for the probable level was significantly higher than that for the possible level (P < 0.05). Scores for confidence in claims after reading labels with and without a visual aid were 5.27 and 4.43, respectively; the score for labeling with a visual aid was significantly higher than for labeling without a visual aid (P < 0.01). Our results provide compelling evidence that providing health claims with qualifying language differentiating levels of scientific evidence can help consumers understand the strength of scientific evidence behind those claims. Moreover, when a visual aid was included, consumers perceived the scientific levels more clearly and had greater confidence in their meanings than when a visual aid was not included. Although this result suggests that consumers react differently to different claim levels, it is not yet clear whether consumers understand the variations in the degree of scientific support.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.58-60
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• 2003

This study was conducted to optimize adhesive joining procedure for epoxy resin composite materials through investigations on correlation of curing condition with shear adhesive strength, curing mechanism analysis and fracture position observation. It was found that shear adhesive strength ranged 4 to 6MPa and could be improved 50 to 70% by increasing curing temperature from 20 to 140$^{\circ}C$. Based on FT-IR spectra analysis, formation of ether group(-$\bigcirc$-) as an evidence of curing was remarkable at the heated curing condition.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.101-111
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 정확한 콘크리트 설계강도 분류를 위해 인공지능 기법에 바탕을 둔 증거축적방법에 의한 초음파신호의 패턴인식방법을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 우선 초음파신호의 특징파라메터로 분산, 영점교차횟수, 평균주파수, 자기회귀모델계수 및 선형 켑스트럼계수를 추출하였다. 추출된 특징파라메터들의 각각의 특성을 알아보고, 하나의 특징파라메터로 설계강도의 정확한 분류가 어렵다는 것을 보였다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 추출된 다수의 특징파라메터들을 이용하여 설계강도 분류를 증거축적방법을 통해 수행하였다. 또한, 이 증거축적방법을 콘크리트 패턴인식에 적용하기 위해 퍼지매핑 함수를 도입하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 알고리즘이 다수의 특징파라메터들을 효율적으로 이용하여 92%의 패턴인식률을 보였으며, 이는 기존의 패턴 분류 알고리즘보다 콘크리트 설계강도를 보다 정확하게 분류함을 확인하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.297-303
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• 2021

Purpose: The mass of facial muscles can be increased through exercise, as is also the case for muscles in the extremities. This systematic review was conducted to investigate the effect of facial exercises on facial muscle strengthening and facial rejuvenation, focusing on recent studies. Methods: A literature search was performed using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases. The quality of the trials was evaluated according to the PEDro scale. In total, 11 studies were included in this review: four studies on facial exercise for facial rejuvenation and seven studies on strengthening the muscles of the face. Results: Facial exercises for facial rejuvenation increased the mechanical properties and elasticity of the skin of the face and neck, the thickness and cross-sectional area of the facial muscles, and the fullness of the upper and lower cheeks. Conclusion: A study aimed at strengthening facial muscles showed improvements in labial closure strength and tongue elevation strength. Despite the positive results for facial rejuvenation and muscle strengthening, the level of evidence was low. Therefore, in future research, it will be necessary to investigate the effects of facial exercise in a thoroughly controlled experiment with a sufficient sample size to increase the level of evidence.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.768-779
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was designed to adapt a surgical wound care algorithm that is used to provide evidence-based surgical wound care in a critical care unit. Methods: This study used, the 'ADAPTE process', an international clinical practice guideline development method. The -'Bonnie Sue wound care algorithm' - was used as a draft for the new algorithm. A content validity index (CVI) targeting 135 critical care nurses was conducted. A 5-point Likert scale was applied to the CVI test using a statistical criterion of .75. Results: A surgical wound care algorithm comprised 9 components: wound assessment, infection control, necrotic tissue management, wound classification by exudates and depths, dressing selection, consideration of systemic factors, wound expected outcome, reevaluate non-healing wounds, and special treatment for non-healing wounds. All of the CVI tests were ${\leq}$.75. Compared to existing wound care guidelines, the new wound care algorithm provides precise wound assessment, reliabilities of wound care, expands applicability of wound care to critically ill patients, and provides evidence and strength of recommendations. Conclusion: The new surgical wound care algorithm will contribute to the advancement of evidence-based nursing care, and its use is expected as a nursing intervention in critical care.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.1254-1263
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• 1993

Representing knowledge uncertainty , aggregating evidence confidences , and propagation uncertainties are three key elements that effect the ability of a rule-based expert system to represent domains with uncertainty . Fuzzy set theory provide a good mathematical tool for representing the vagueness associated with a variable when , as the condition of a rule , it only partially corresponds to the input data. However, the aggregation of ANDed and Ored confidences is not as simple as the intersection and union operators defined for fuzzy set membership. There is, in fact, a certain degree of compensation that occurs when an expert aggregates confidences associated with compound evidence . Further, expert often consider individual evidences to be varying importance , or weight , in their support for a conclusion. This paper presents a flexible approach for evaluating evidence and conclusion confidences. Evidences may be represented as fuzzy or nonfuzzy variables with as associat d degree of certainty . different weight can also be associated degree of certainty. Different weights can also be assigned to the individual condition in determining the confidence of compound evidence . Conclusion confidence is calculated using a modified approach combining the evidence confidence and a rule strength. The techniques developed offer a flexible framework for representing knowledge and propagating uncertainties. This framework has the potention to reflect human aggregation of uncertain information more accurately than simple minimum and maximum operator do.