• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.753-762
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 치수안전도의 정확한 평가는 물론 자연환경에 대한 평가에 중요한 하천식물군락에 주목하였다. 특히, 본 연구에서는 하천식물군락과 유사거동에 따른 하도변화와의 상관관계의 규명에 관심을 두었다. 하도수리학 관점에서 하천내 식생분포 특성에 대한 하도현장을 조사한 결과, 하도변화를 야기하는 여러 물리적 요인이 있지만, 하천식생에 의한 하도변화, 특히 하천식물군락에 의한 유사퇴적이 하상변동을 야기시키고 있음이 확인되었다. 이를 수리학적으로 규명하기 위하여 수리모형실험을 실시하였다. 실험에서 하상경사 1/200인 자갈하천에 우점하는 달뿌리풀을 대상으로 하였다. 실험의 내용은 평균입경 0.3 mm의 소류사를 총 1 시간동안 27 kg을 균등하게 공급한 결과, 거의 동일한 수리량 조건하에서 식물군락의 밀도와 배치에 따라 흐름의 변화와 퇴적/세굴양상이 분명히 다르게 나타났다. 따라서, 하도내 퇴적 및 세굴이 하천식물군락의 분포 특성에도 영향을 미치므로 하천식물군락과 유사거동에 따른 하도변화는 상호 밀접한 관계가 있을 것으로 평가할 수 있었다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between stream water quality of TN (total nitrogen), TP (total phosphorus), and BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) and TDI (Trophic Diatom Index) score determined by physico-chemical factors, biomass, and standing crops of epilithic diatoms, and to estimate the required amount of ecological streamflow for good water environment of Trophic Diatom. For the main stream of Chungju dam watershed of South Korea, total 100 field data of 3 years (2008~2010) measured in May and September were used to derive the relationship between water quality and TDI. Trophic Diatom had high correlation (0.55 determination coefficient) with TN. Using the relationship, the required streamflow was evaluated by using the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for good Trophic Diatom water environment through T-N water quality maintenance. The SWAT simulated 8 years (2003~2010) stream discharges and T-N water quality along the main stream. From present garde C (score range: 30.0~45.0) to grade A (score above 60.0) of TDI, the May needs additional streamflow of $63.1m^3/sec$ (+36.7 % comparing with the present streamflow of $172.0m^3/sec$) at the watershed outlet.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.206-219
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• 2020

As urbanization and impermeable areas have increased, stormwater and non-point pollutants entering the stream have increased. Additionally, in the case of the old town comprising a combined sewer pipe system, there is a problem of stream water pollution caused by the combined sewer overflow. To resolve this problem, many cities globally are pursuing an environmentally friendly low impact development strategy that can infiltrate, evaporate, and store rainwater. This study analyzed the expected effects and efficiency when the LID facility was installed as a measure to improve hydrologic cycle and water quality in the Oncheon stream in Busan. The EPA-SWMM, previously calibrated for hydrological and water quality parameters, was used, and standard parameters of the LID facilities supported by the EPA-SWMM were set. Benchmarking the green infrastructure plan in New York City, USA, has created various installation scenarios for the LID facilities in the Oncheon stream drainage area. The installation and maintenance cost of the LID facility for scenarios were estimated, and the effect of each LID facility was analyzed through a long-term EPA-SWMM simulation. Among the applied LID facilities, the infiltration trench showed the best effect, and the bio-retention cell and permeable pavement system followed. Conversely, in terms of cost-efficiency, the permeable pavement systems showed the best efficiency, followed by the infiltration trenches and bio-retention cells.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.768-783
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• 2006

Biological stream environment assessment has been an essential trend of aquatic ecosystems among advanced countries, because the chemical water quality assessment has limitations that only represent temporal water environmental status. Benthic macroinvertebrates are the most popular bioindicator group useful to biological water quality assessment for a long time. In addition, a number of indices using benthic macroinvertebrates have recently been developed not only for water quality assessment but also for ecological health assessment. In this paper Korean Saprobic Index (KSI) based on Zelinka-Marvan's saprobic valency concept is developed by applying DIN 38410 in Germany. The KSI value was widely applicable to most Korean streams with the exception of sand-based large streams, for example main stream of Nakdong River. But as a result of non-linear regression analysis the correlation between KSI and $BOD_5$ concentration was high and KSI reflected water quality alteration for mid and long-term period. In spite of applicability of KSI, it should be supplemented and developed to make it strong by accumulating field data as well as to manage integrated water environment in general through continuous biomonitoring.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제89권2호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2000

북한산국립공원(北漢山國立公園) 북동사면(北東斜面) 일대(一帶) 계류수(溪流水)의 이화학적(理化學的) 수질특성(水質特性)을 파악함으로써 국립공원내(國立公園內) 계류수질(溪流水質) 보전(保全)을 위한 과학적 기초 자료를 제공하기 위하여 1998년 7월부터 1999년 11월까지 매월 4개 지점의 계류수질을 분석한 결과, 이 지역 계류수의 평균pH는 6.65, 평균용존산소량은 $10.7mg/{\ell}$로 하천수질환경기준에 의한 상수원수 1급수의 범위 내였다. 또한, 이 지역 계류수(溪流水)는 연수(軟水)이었으며, 평균용존산소포화도(平均溶存酸素飽和度)는 96.7%로 포화상태이었다. 북한산 국립공원을 이용하는 탐방객수(探訪客數)의 증가(增加)는 계류수의 용존이온량을 증가시켜 계류수의 전기전도도(電氣傳導度)를 상승시키고 계류수질오염(溪流水質汚染)에 영향(影響)을 미치는 것으로 분석(分析)되었으며, 직선회귀분석결과(直線回歸分析結果) 1% 수준에서 유의(有意)하였다. 북한산 북동사면 일대 계류수에서 전기전도도(電氣傳導度)와 용존음이온량($Cl^-$, $NO{_3}^-$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$)은 상류(上流)보다는 하류(下流)에셔 증가(增加)하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.538-550
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• 2012

This study suggests a general methodology which is designed for assessing RDOC behavior at the catchment scale by coupling properly a series of steam flow and water quality simulation models and actual monitoring data set. The modified TANK model in which a river routing function is incorporated to the conventional one is applied to simulate the long-term daily stream flow data, and the simulated stream flow data is combined with the 7-parameter log-linear model coupled to the minimum variance unbiased estimator to simulate the long-term daily water quality (BOD, COD and TOC) loads. Finally, the regression analysis between the usually monitored water quality data (BOD, COD and TOC) and RDOC is combined with the simulated water quality data to manifest the spatio-temporal variability of RDOC flux behavior at the Korean TMDL catchment scale.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.745-755
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• 2012

The relations between tributaries and mainstream were identified with the water qualities measurements in the field. Parameters of water qualities were BOD, T-N, T-P and measurements were performed by 4 events of rainfalls for 2011. The precipitation data influenced on pollutants loads. Pollutants loads were fluctuations with the seasonal variation. Gajoacheon contributed in 18.39% of BOD, 23.79% of T-N, 15.23% of T-P and Nabulcheon contributed in 13.54% of BOD, 13.05% of T-N and 13.66% of T-P in the region from Nam River_C to Nam River_D. In case of the region from Nam River_C to Nam River_D, Yongacheon river inflowed to main stream as 23.65% of BOD, 20.74% of T-N, and 15.05% of T-P.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2009

Reliable long-term flows by SWAT-K model were applied to the relationship between stream flow and pollutant load derived from 8-day measured data of Ministry of Environment (MOE) in order to obtain continuous loadograph and evaluate accuracy in water quality modeling for the Chungju dam watershed. The measured flow were compared with flow duration curve from the model, and it showed that measured values corresponded to the almost full range of stream flow conditions except at Odae A. And there was significant relationship ($R^2=0.60{\sim}0.97$) between measured flow and water quality load at all unit-watersheds. Applying this relationship to simulated flows, continuous loadograph was obtained and compared with modeled pollutant loads. Although there were some differences during some dry and flood seasons, those were not significant and overall trend showed a good agreement. From the results, we would be able to derive a continuous loadograph based on measured data at total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) unit-watersheds on a national scale, in which stream flow and water quality have been measured at 8-day intervals since 2004, and this could be helpful to utilize distributed water quality models with difficulty in calibrating and validating parameters from lack of measured data at present.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.323-331
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• 1999

Most of channel fish farming in Alabama are still earthen pond style, and filled by rainfall and runoff. The water levels of ponds are maintained with stand-pipe, and the effluent from ponds very little discharged at usual time except ant heavy rains and crop season. Overflow from ponds following rains occurs mostly in winter and early spring when stream flows high. In this study to know how much effluents fish ponds affected to streams which are nearby ponds, a survey carried out on the variation of water quality of seven streams and effluents at heavy rains. Water samples were collected at 14 sites on upstream (did not affected by effluents) and downstream(being affect by effluents), and sampled monthly from August 1997 to August 1998. There were no clear trends of difference in most water quality variables between upstream and downstream of catfish farms during a year. The effluents from ponds after heavy rains were not highly polluted, but sometimes have elevated concentrations of TSS. Nitrogen content of effluents was higher than that of routine streams , but phosphorus was not clear. From this result suggest than the effluents from catfish farm are not having adverse impacts on stream water quality still yet .

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2000

농촌 소하천의 수리학적 및 수질특성을 반영한 모형을 개발하였다. 모형구조 설계시 제어체적 기법을 활용하여 하천 형상, 수질 및 유량의 변화가 심한 농촌 유역의 소하천에 대한 수질의 모의하였다. 개발한 모형에 난수발생기법을 도입하여 최적 반응계수와 모형구조를 추정하였다. 또한 모형 보정기준의 일반화를 위해 동의지표와 효율계수를 도입하여 매개변수추정의 신뢰성 향상을 도모했다. 모형의 적용성을 검증하기 위해 경남 김해시 한림면 용덕천에서 수질을 채취하여 분석하였다. 관측된 자료와 개발된 모형의 비교연구를 통해 대상유역의 소하천에서 일어나는 수질 반응계수들과 그 변동성을 추정하였다.