• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.60-63
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• 1995

The behavior of the work materials in the chip-tool interface in extremely high strain rates and temperatures is more that of viscous liquids than that of normal solid metals. In these circumstances the principles of fluid mechanics can be invoked to describe the metal flow in the neighborhood of the cutting edge. In the present paper an Eulerian finite element model is presented that simulates metal flow in the vicinity of the cutting edge when machining a low carbon steel with carbide cutting tool. The work material is assumed to obey visco-plastic (Bingham solid) constitutive law and Von Mises criterion. Heat generation is included in the model, assuming adiabatic conditions within each element. the mechanical and thermal properties of the work material are accepted to vary with the temperature. The model is based on the virtual work-stream function formulation, emphasis is given on analyzing the formation of the stagnant metal zone ahead of the cutting edge. The model predicts flow field characteristics such as material velocity effective stress and strain-rate distributions as well as built-up layer configuration

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.30 no.9 s.252
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• pp.905-912
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• 2006

Experiments in low strain rate methane-air counterflow diffusion flames diluted with $CO_2$ have been conducted to investigate the flame extinction behavior and edge flame oscillation in which flame length is less than the burner diameter and thus lateral conductive heat loss in addition to radiative loss could be remarkable at low global strain rates. The critical mole fraction at flame extinction is examined in terms of velocity ratio and global strain rate. It is seen that flame length is closely relevant to lateral heat loss, and this sheets flame extinction and edge flame oscillation considerably. Lateral heat loss causes flame oscillation even at fuel Lewis number less than unity. Edge flame oscillations are categorized into three: a growing-, a harmonic- and a decaying-oscillation mode. Onset conditions of the edge flame oscillation and the relevant modes are examined with global strain rate and $CO_2$ mole fraction in fuel stream. A flame stability map based on the flame oscillation modes is also provided at low strain rate flames.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.333-336
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• 2007

We propose a simple method for tracking a nonparameterized subject contour in a single video stream with a moving camera and changing background. Then we present a method to eliminate the tracked contour object by replacing with the background scene we get from other frame. Our method consists of two parts: first we track the object using LOD (Level-of-Detail) canny edge maps, then we generate background of each image frame and replace the tracked object in a scene by a background image from other frame that is not occluded by the tracked object. Our tracking method is based on level-of-detail (LOD) modified Canny edge maps and graph-based routing operations on the LOD maps. To reduce side-effects because of irrelevant edges, we start our basic tracking by using strong Canny edges generated from large image intensity gradients of an input image. We get more edge pixels along LOD hierarchy. LOD Canny edge pixels become nodes in routing, and LOD values of adjacent edge pixels determine routing costs between the nodes. We find the best route to follow Canny edge pixels favoring stronger Canny edge pixels. Our accurate tracking is based on reducing effects from irrelevant edges by selecting the stronger edge pixels, thereby relying on the current frame edge pixel as much as possible. This approach is based on computing camera motion. Our experimental results show that our method works nice for moderate camera movement with small object shape changes.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.202-212
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• 2017

With the advent of the Internet-of-Things paradigm, the amount of data production has grown exponentially and the user demand for responsive consumption of data has increased significantly. Herein, we present DART, a fast and lightweight stream processing framework for the IoT environment. Because the DART framework targets a geospatially distributed environment of heterogeneous devices, the framework provides (1) an end-user tool for device registration and application authoring, (2) automatic worker node monitoring and task allocations, and (3) runtime management of user applications with fault tolerance. To maximize performance, the DART framework adopts an actor model in which applications are segmented into microtasks and assigned to an actor following a single responsibility. To prove the feasibility of the proposed framework, we implemented the DART system. We also conducted experiments to show that the system can significantly reduce computing burdens and alleviate network load by utilizing the idle resources of intermediate edge devices.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.537-552
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• 2013

Wind tunnel experiments were performed to study the wind loads on an inclined flat plate with and without a guide plate. Highly turbulent flow, which corresponded to free-stream turbulence intensity on the flat roof of low-rise buildings, was produced by a turbulence generation grid at the inlet of the test section. The test model could represent a typical solar collector panel of a solar water heater. There are up-stream movements of the separation bubble and side-edge vortices, more intense fluctuating pressure and a higher bending moment in the turbulent flow. A guide plate would result in higher lift coefficient, particularly with an increased projected area ratio of a guide plate to an inclined flat plate. The value of lift coefficient is considerably lower with increased free-stream turbulent intensity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.106-114
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• 2021

In the present study, we investigate the flow characteristics of a paraglider canopy with leading-edge tubercles by performing force measurement and surface flow visualizations. The experiment is conducted at Re = 3.3×10⁵ in a wind tunnel, where Re is the Reynolds number based on the mean chord length and the free-stream velocity. The canopy model with leading-edge tubercles has flow characteristics of a two-step stall, showing an earlier onset of the first stall than the canopy model without leading-edge tubercles. However, the main stall angle of the tubercled model is much larger than that of the canopy model without tubercles, resulting in a higher aerodynamic performance at high angles of attack. The delay in the main stall is ascribed to the suppression of separation bubble collapse around the wingtip at high angles of attack.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06c
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• pp.231-234
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• 2002

This paper proposes a new approach to extract contour of moving object from compressed video stream. We segment the area of moving object by using motion vector and extract the motion object block from it. And then we describe the connectivity direction of outline moving block, detect the edge related to connectivity direction in the block and finally obtain the contour by connecting the edges. This can divide the moving object only with motion vector and detect the exact contour on the basis of the edge automatically. Also, we can reduce spending time using motion block and remove the noise with directional edge. The experimental results demonstrate the accurate and effective qualify of the proposed method.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.4108-4125
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• 2015

This paper presents a scalable coding method for depth images by considering the quality of synthesized images in virtual views. First, we design a new edge detection algorithm that is based on calculating the depth difference between two neighboring pixels within the depth map. By choosing different thresholds, this algorithm generates a scalable bit stream that puts larger depth differences in front, followed by smaller depth differences. A scalable scheme is also designed for coding depth pixels through a layered sampling structure. At the receiver side, the full-resolution depth image is reconstructed from the received bits by solving a partial-differential-equation (PDE). Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the rate-distortion performance of synthesized images at virtual views and achieves better visual quality.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1435-1450
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• 2004

Experimental data are presented which describe the effects of a combustor-level high free-stream turbulence on the near-wall flow structure and heat/mass transfer on the endwall of a linear high-turning turbine rotor cascade. The end wall flow structure is visualized by employing the partial- and total-coverage oil-film technique, and heat/mass transfer rate is measured by the naphthalene sublimation method. A turbulence generator is designed to provide a highly-turbulent flow which has free-stream turbulence intensity and integral length scale of 14.7% and 80mm, respectively, at the cascade entrance. The surface flow visualizations show that the high free-stream turbulence has little effect on the attachment line, but alters the separation line noticeably. Under high free-stream turbulence, the incoming near-wall flow upstream of the adjacent separation lines collides more obliquely with the suction surface. A weaker lift-up force arising from this more oblique collision results in the narrower suction-side corner vortex area in the high turbulence case. The high free-stream turbulence enhances the heat/mass transfer in the central area of the turbine passage, but only a slight augmentation is found in the end wall regions adjacent to the leading and trailing edges. Therefore, the high free-stream turbulence makes the end wall heat load more uniform. It is also observed that the heat/mass transfers along the locus of the pressure-side leg of the leading-edge horseshoe vortex and along the suction-side corner are influenced most strongly by the high free-stream turbulence. In this study, the end wall surface is classified into seven different regions based on the local heat/mass transfer distribution, and the effects of the high free-stream turbulence on the local heat/mass transfer in each region are discussed in detail.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.687-690
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• 2002

Multimode boundary-layer transition on a NACA0012 airfoil is experimentally investigated under periodically passing wakes and the moderate level of free-stream turbulence. The periodic wakes are generated by rotating circular cylinders clockwise or counterclockwise around the airfoil. The free-stream turbulence is produced by a grid upstream of the rotating cylinder, and its intensity(Tu) at the leading edge of the airfoil is $0.5\;or\;3.5\;{\%}$. The Reynolds number ($Re_c$) based on chord length (C) of the alrfoil is $2.0{\times}10^5$, and Strouhal number ($St_c$) of the passing wake is about 0.7. Time- and phase-averaged streamwise mean velocities and turbulence fluctuations are measured with a single hot-wire probe, and especially, the corresponding wall skin friction is evaluated using a computational Preston tube method. The wake-passing orientation changes pressure distribution on the airfoil in a different manner irrespective of the free-stream turbulence. Regardless of free-stream turbulence level, turbulent patches for the receding wakes propagate more rapidly than those for the approaching wake because adverse pressure gradient becomes larger. The patch under the high free-stream turbulence ($Tu=3.5{\%}$) grows more greatly in laminar-like regions compared with that under the low background turbulence ($Tu=0.5{\%}$) in laminar regions. The former, however, does not greatly change the original turbulence level in the very near-wall region while the latter does it. At further downstream, the former interacts vigorously with high environmental turbulence inside the pre-existing transitional boundary layer and gradually lose his identification, whereas the latter keep growing in the laminar boundary layer. The calmed region is more clearly observed under the lower free-stream turbulence level and for the receding wakes. The calmed region delays the breakdown further downstream and stabilizes more the boundary layer.