• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2012

Objective : The aim of this study was to describe a single center's experience in the management of craniopharyngiomas in children over a 15-year period. Methods : The clinical records of pediatric patients treated for craniopharyngiomas between December 1995 and February 2011 were reviewed. Thirty-five pediatric patients diagnosed with craniopharyngioma were treated, and their medical records and imaging data were analyzed retrospectively. Results : The mean follow-up duration was 76 months (range, 10-195). Overall survival and local control rates at 10 years were $94.7{\pm}5.1%$ and $37.1{\pm}11.9%$, respectively. The female-to-male ratio was 16 : 19, and the mean age was 8.6 years (range, 1-17). Initially, gross total resection (GTR) was performed in 30 patients; subtotal resection (STR) followed by radiotherapy was performed in 5 patients. Of the 14 cases that showed recurrence after GTR, 5 patients were treated with GTR, 1 with radiation therapy (RT), 4 with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS), and 4 with subtotal resection followed by RT. No patients who underwent RT or GKRS had recurrences. Two cases with recurrence after STR followed by RT were treated with GTR. One patient died of hormonal insufficiency 64 months after the first surgery. The overall median time progression was 51.2 months (range, 3-182) : 49.7 months in the patients who underwent GTR and 60.2 months in the patients who underwent STR followed by RT. Conclusion : If safe resection is possible, GTR at the initial treatment should be attempted to reduce the tumor recurrence. However, if the tumor recurs after the first surgery, RT or GKRS with/without reoperation may be an effective salvage treatment for recurrent craniopharyngioma.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.18 no.3 s.40
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• pp.137-141
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• 1979

The distribution of spiders on paddy Holds in the suburbs of Kwangju city and the seasonal fluetuation of their population were surveyed for two years from November 1975 to November 1977. The results obtained are summarized as fallows: 1. The total number of species of the spiders on paddy fields collected in Kwangju area was 38 which belong to 24 genera and 13 families. Out of these 16 species were already known to exist in this area, and two other species were those known to occur in Korea. The remaining 22 species were new collections among which Cornicularia vulgaris 01 was the one with no record of collection in Korea. 2. The spiders on paddy fields collected in this area were mostly those belonging to two families i.e. Erigonidae and Lycosidae, and predominating species were Gnathenarium dantatum(WJDER) and Oedothorax insecticeps BOES. et STR. 3. The population density was highest in November just before wintering and lowest in March and April after wintering and an intermediate peak in July and August.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.341-348
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to model and analyze retractable large spatial structures by applying parametric modeling techniques. The modeling of wind loads in the analysis of typical structures including curved surfaces can be error-prone, and the processing time increases dramatically when there are many types of variables. However, the method based on StrAuto that was developed in previous research, facilitates the efficacious assignment of wind loads to structures and the rapid arrival of conclusions. As a result, it is possible to compare alternatives with various loads, including wind loads, to determine an optimal alternative much faster than the existing process. Further, it is almost impossible to directly input the wind load by calculating the area of an irregularly curved surface. However, the proposed method automatically assigns the wind load, which allows for automatic optimization in a structural analysis system. The approach was applied and optimized using several models, and the results are presented.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 1987

The acid production and sugar utilization of Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1 between Streptecoccus lactic ${ML}_3$ were investigated in skim milk, cultured broth filtrate and semi-synthetic medium. The effect of acid production by mixed culture and in cultured broth filtrate of the other party were more than that of single culture and self-cultured broth filtrate. When the two strains were cultured 12 hrs, Streptococcus lactis ${ML}_3$ utilized with 0.4% lactose, Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1 with 0.85%, and mixed strains with 1.05% respectively. In 8 hrs fermentation Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1 and mixed strains accumulated 0.22%, 0.10% glucose in the medium respectively, and then decreased gradually. The glucose released by Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1 was stimulated the acid production of Streptococcus lactis ${ML}_3$.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.527-532
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• 2022

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the recent changes such as allele frequencies and total probability of exclusion (PE) in Thoroughbred horses in Korea using short tandem repeat (STR) parentage panels between 2006 and 2016. Methods: The genotype was provided for 5,988 horse samples with 15 microsatellite markers (AHT4, AHT5, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, CA425, HMS1, HMS2, HMS3, HMS6, HMS7, HTG4, HTG10, LEX3 and VHL20). Results: In our study, the observed number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 (HMS1) to 9 (ASB17) in 2006 and 4 (HMS1) to 9 (ASB2) in 2016, with a mean value of 6.28 and 6.40, respectively. Of the 15 markers, HMS2, HTG4, and CA425 loci had relatively low polymorphism information content (<0.5000) in the Thoroughbred population. Mean levels of genetic variation in 2006 and 2016 were observed heterozygosity (H_O) = 0.708, and expected heterozygosity (H_E) = 0.685, as well as and H_O = 0.699 and H_E = 0.682, respectively. The PE was calculated for each group based on the allele frequencies of 14 or 15 STRs. The 2006 survey analyzed that PE was 0.9998, but it increased to 0.9999 in 2016 after the HMS2 marker was added in 2011. The current STR panel is still a powerful tool for parentage verification that contributes to the maintenance of integrity in the Thoroughbred population. Conclusion: The current STR panel is still a powerful tool for parentage verification that contributes to the maintenance of integrity in the Thoroughbred horses. However, continuous monitoring genetic variability is necessary.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.171-178
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• 1981

In order to develope the suitable processing method of new alcohol fermented milk beverage, the lactic acid bacteria and the yeast were inoculated to various level of saccharide added milk. And the change of component and alcohol concentration in beverage were analysed and tested. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. By skim milk media was fermented by the 5 strains of lactic acid bacteria for 24 hours, most suitable acidity was appeared in the Str. lactis fermented beverage as 0.83% and the amino nitrogen contents was not much changed as 0.2mg/ml. 2. By the skim milk was added with 5% glucose, lactose and sucrose respectively and fermented by the Str. lactis and Cruyveromyces fragilis, the acidity and amino nitrogen contents in beverage were not changed significantly, but alcohol concentration was increased from 2.5% to 3.58%. 3. By the 5% to 15% sucrose added skim milk media was fermented by Cruyveromyces fragilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the amino nitrogen concentration was not so much changed by increasing sucrose contents. And the alcohol concentration was increased from 2.12% to 8.15% by Cruyveromyces fragilis fermentation and from 0% to 7.45% by S.accharomyces cerevisiae fermentation. 4. Sensory evaluation was better in the Cruyveromyces fragilis fermented beverage than Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermented beverage. 5. The contents of moisture, crude protein, ash and the concentrate of alcohol of Str. lactis and Cruyveromyces fragilis fermented skim milk beverage were much similar to koumis.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.71-84
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• 1996

This study was conducted to examine the usability of sorbitol for the manufacture as low-calory ingredient and cryoprotectant against frost damage. When frozen yoghrt was made of replacing sucrose by sorbitol at yoghurt mix, the change of physicochemical and lactic acid bacteria, such as Str. thermophilus, L. bulgaricus, and mixed culture of Str. thermophilus, and L. bulgaricus(1:1), was studied during the frozen storage(-20$^{\circ}$C). During the incubation of yoghurt mix, the rapid growth of lactic acid bacteria in all sample was observed as the increase of sorbitol addition, but sample A and D were almost similar. This results suggested that sucrose could play role of effecting the growth stimulator, otherwise, sorbitol could inhibit the death of microorganism, following the genus. At the survival rate between lactic acid bacteria during freezing of -5$^{\circ}$C by ice cream freezer Str. thermophilus showed 26.19 to 34.76%, L. bulgaricus 3.97 to 5.20%, and mixed culture 17.16 to 40.87% respectively. L. bulgaricus showed the greater lethal rate than other genus. Sample C which mixed sucrose with sorbitol (1:2 ratio) was showed the lowest lethal rate. Therefore, it suggested that the use of this ration could be used for better anti-frost damage. During the storage of -20$^{\circ}$C, the number of lactic acid bacteria generally decreased in the stand point of genus and frozen storage period. The survival of lactic acid bacteria might be the addition of sorbitol which could have the effect of anti-forst damage. In all treatment, lactase activity showed the rapid decrease after freezing. During the period of frozen storage, it was shown the slow decreasing trend. In spite· of decreasing, the result during yoghurt mix incubation -5$^{\circ}$C freezing, and -20$^{\circ}$C frozen storage was different at the level. After 80 days of storage, the lactase activity was similar among all genus and sample. Despite differenting viscosity followed by genus, combination of mix, and pH, the ratio of 1 to 2(sucrose : sorbitol) showed the greatest viscosity. The water holding capacity of frozen yoghurt mix was closely related to viscosity. As increasing sorbitol amounts, hardness and cohesiveness were increased, but elastisity was decreased. The significant differences between sample was inoculated with Str. thermophilus. However, there were not significant difference from the sample inoculated with L. bulgaricus and mixed culture.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.43-50
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• 2011

Hibiscus cannabinus L. is a plant in the Malvaceae family, that was seeded at June 1st in 2010 and harvested at November 18th. The present study was designated to investigate the safety for host cells, antibacterial effects of Hibiscus cannabinus L. of flower (HCME-F) or leaf (HMEF-L) methanol extract for typical Gram's positive bacteria (St. aureus and Str. epidermidis) or Gram's negative bacteria (S. typhimurium and E. coli). In treatment of different concentrations of HCME-F or HMEF-L (1, 50 and $100{\mu}g/ml$), cytotoxic effects were not shown to RAW 264.7 cells until 24 h incubation. In determination of antibacterial activity of HCME-F or HMEF-L, the antibacterial activities for St. aureus and Str. epidermidis were markedly increased compared to that of untreated control group, but antibacterial activity of HCME-F or HMEF-L for S. typhimurium and E. coli were not changed. Taken together, we demonstrated that methanol extract of HCME-F or HMEF-L showed the safety for RAW 264.7 cells and antibacterial activities for Gram's positive pathogenic bacteria St. aureus and Str. epidermidis. These findings suggest that a methanol extract of Kenaf flower or leaf may be useful alternatives of conventional chemotherapies for dermatitis and mastitis causing Gram's positive pathogens such as Stapylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. in domestic animals and humans.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.190-198
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• 1996

The Neomycin resistant gene in transposon 5 (Tn5) was introduced into a mutant of Bradyrhizobium japonicum RJB 6 $str^rnal^r$ by conjugation. This marked strain was used in coinoculation of soybean with Pseudomonas fluorescens(Ps-3) and Bacillus subtilis(BCAC-4) and in antibiotic treatment of soybean for studying rate of nodule formation and growth promoting effect on soybean plant. When the marked strain RJB 6 $str^rnal^rneo^r$ with Ps-3, BCAC-4, and Ps-3 plus BCAC-4 was coinoculated into two soils, the recovery rate of the marked strain was 8.5, 4.3 and 2.9 percent in soybean cultivated soil, and 10.3. 6.0 and 5.0 percent in soybean uncultivated soil. The best growth promoting effect of coinoculation on soybean plant was found with the marked strain plus Ps-3. When the marked strain was inoculated into soybean with antibiotic treatment, the rate of nodule formation in soybean cultivated soil was between 12.5 and 25.4 percent, while that in soybean uncultivated soil was between 23.7 and 43.2 percent. The highest rate of nodule formation with the marked strain was found in streptomycin 1000 ppm treatment plot.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2007

This study has been carried out for investigating the relatedness of representative 135 Shigella sonnei strains isolated from 2000 to 2004 by using biotyping and antimicrobial resistance. All strains showed typical biochemical characterisics of Shigella strain. Among 135 strains,79 (58.5%) strains were biotype "g",54 (40.0%) strains were biotype "a" and 2 (1.5%) strains were biotype "e". The results of susceptibility test against 16 antimicrobial agents were like this. Most of strains were susceptible to AN, CIP, C and GM. 129 (95.6%) strains were resistant to SXT, 126 (93.3%) strains were resistant to TE and 122 (90.4%) strains were resistant to SM. One hundred thirty two (97.8%) strains were resistant to more than two antimicrobial agents. R28 type (antimicrobial resistance patterns 28: resistant to AM, SAM, TE, TIC, SXT, K, SM and AmC) were 42 strains (31.1%). The other strains were showed 33 kinds of R patterns. The results of $bla_{TEM}$, sulII, tetA and strA gene detection were coincided with phenotype of antimicrobial resistance by disk diffusion method. But some strains which had sulII and strA genes were not showed the resistance against SXT and SM.