• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.541-549
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• 2010

The purposes of this study were to examine the slacks purchases and wearing satisfaction among old-aged women who were highly dissatisfied with their bodies and fit due to physical changes and to provide some basic data needed to develop slacks patterns to meet their needs. A survey was taken among 223 old-aged women aged 60~79 living in Seoul. Using the SPSS 12.0 program, the collected data were analyzed in descriptive statistics, t-test, and crosstab. The result were as follows: the most used place for them to shop slacks was a market(including the Dongdaemun and Namdaemun market), which was followed by a department store and a discount store in the order. As for their preference for slacks according to age, those who were in their sixties most preferred straight-line slacks, while those who were in their seventies semistraight-type slacks. As for fit for each body part according to age, there were significant differences only in crotch length. Those who were in their seventies were more dissatisfied with crotch length than those who were in their sixties, feeling that crotch length was short. As for their experiences of repair after purchasing a pair of slacks, 82.5% said they had such an experience. Most of the repairs with length, waist and slacks width involved in size reduction.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.118-132
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the preference and awareness of bakery menu addition in military foodservice. The results were as follow: 35.2% of the respondents replied that they ate baking menu 4 times a week before the Army enterence. Bakery consmued most frequently were franchise bakery and following by in-store bakery. Instead of the Army's square meal, bakery menu was supplied 2 times a week. 91% of respondent answered 'Like' for baking product. 94% of respondents prefered the square meal to the square meal plus bakery menu. Above respondents would like to have bakery menu 4 times a week, for having a breakfast, between meals or late-night meals. The favorite bakery menu was cakes in the military foodservice. As a result of awareness about bakery menu, Bageteu's awareness was the highest. Finally, this study showed that addition of bakery menu in military foodservice as well as other foodservice were needed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.133-146
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• 2003

This study was aimed to classify the consumer group according to the lifestyle, to research the characteristics and desire of the each group, and to find out the differences of the purchasing behavior of cosmetics among each group. After surveying, 611 samples were analyzed by using SPSS package program. The results of this study were as follows；1. We obtained 5 factors from 21 items by using AIO lifestyle measurement. Those 5 factors were personalityㆍmake-up preference, arance-oriented, economy and information-oriented, daily make-up, and interest in make-up. 2. We formed 4 groups from the 5 factors. Which are a make-up oriented group, a consciously daily make-up group, a unconcern of make-up group, and a resonable make-up pursuit group. 3. The demographic characteristics of each lifestyle group showed important differences according to the following variables; age, marital status, occupation, academic career and monthly averaged income. 4. We analyzed the purchase behavior, the purchase motive of make-up, the brand of cosmetics, the reason for preferring company, purchase information, product store, the reason for choosing store, important considering points, monthly averaged purchase cost. As a result, its variance showed the difference among groups.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.150-156
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• 2024

With the advent of personalized search engines, a myriad of approaches came into practice. With social media emergence the personalization was extended to different level. The main reason for this preference of personalized engine over traditional search was need of accurate and precise results. Due to paucity of time and patience users didn't want to surf several pages to find the result that suits them most. Personalized search engines could solve this problem effectively by understanding user through profiles and histories and thus diminishing uncertainty and ambiguity. But since several layers of personalization were added to basic search, the response time and resource requirement (for profile storage) increased manifold. So it's time to focus on optimizing the layered architectures of personalization. The paper presents a layout of the multi agent based personalized search engine that works on histories and profiles. Further to store the huge amount of data, distributed database is used at its core, so high availability, scaling, and geographic distribution are built in and easy to use. Initially results are retrieved using traditional search engine, after applying layer of personalization the results are provided to user. MongoDB is used to store profiles in flexible form thus improving the performance of the engine. Further Weighted Sum model is used to rank the pages in personalization layer.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.3 s.68
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• pp.394-404
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• 2007

The purpose of the study was to analyze the difference in knitwear purchasing behaviors of female college students in the U.S., Korea, and China. It was developed questionnaire that included knitwear purchasing behavior that is fashion information sources, evaluation criteria of knitwear products, store attributes of knitwear, knitwear buying places, and purchasing experience of foreign-made knitwear. The final sample used in this study consisted of 119 female college students in U.S., 150 female college students in Korea, and 217 female college students in China. Aged from 18 to 33. ANOVA, factor analysis, Duncan's multiple range test, frequency, and percentage as analysis methods were used. The results of the study were as follows. The preference of knitwear among the respondents was shown highly. This result is due to a world-wide trend of casual clothing, and is to prove, that knitwear is that made with flexibility, drape, and stretch, is the item that is able to satisfy consumer's desires. Knitwear preference of knitwear the U.S. respondents was shown highly, and buying intention of them was also high, not only for sweaters and t-shirts but for pants, skirts, jackets, coats, and dresses as well. Knitwear information the U.S. respondents considered important, was not only purchasing experience but also shop display and magazine advertisements. By evaluating criteria of knitwear, the U.S. respondents considered good fit, design, color, and comfort important, and they didn't consider the country of origin important. By store attributes of knitwear, the U.S. respondents specially considered the display, variety, price level, and sale frequency of merchandise. The respondents of China was shown higher than them of Korea in the intention of all items. Knitwear information the China respondents considered important, was not only purchasing experience but also shop advertisements of Newspaper and magazine and fashion articles in Newspaper and magazine. By evaluating criteria of knitwear, the China respondents considered good fit, design, color, and comfort important, and they considered fiber content and the country of origin higher than the respondents of U.S. By Store attributes of knitwear, the China respondents specially considered product knowledge and friendliness of sales personnel, Layaway payment plan, Brand names, New Fashion, and Dressing Facilities higher than the respondents of U.S. or Korea.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.73-80
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• 2017

Purpose - Since Korean distribution market was opened, the domestic environment in department stores has been changed by the pattern of consumption and consumer need based on income classes. As multilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA) accelerates opening markets, the scale of circulating capital has become bigger. Large-scale commercial facilities have developed quickly as a form of a large shopping center, thus, the matter of choice and securing market area became an important valuable in this trend. Moreover, multi-complex space has been proposed as the goal of successful business with promoting the public benefit. Research design, data, and methodology - This research studied consumer behavior using data about the life style and sales of consumers, not statistical data or survey as previous studies. This research tried to find the differentiation in complex cultural space with consumption behavior of department store. Results - As the structure of society and culture was getting diverse and complex, economic growth and development with such diversity and complexity improved consumers' quality of life. The changes of consumer life style are quite natural like human instinct. Department stores have activated retail business with the products of accumulated technology. Moreover, they have created the space of consumption and culture. Because of these social and environmental changes, department stores are being developed as Multi-functional spaces as well as sale places considering the strategies of department and the changes of consumers' purchasing behaviors. Conclusions - Urban culture complex is a landmark standing for the culture era of 21st century. It has provided an opportunity for consumers to enjoy culture, and has been an important factor to improve company images. Based on these roles and needs, expectancy effects are related with consumer preference and space preference, and the attitude toward companies. Moreover, the expectancy effects from those relationships are getting bigger and bigger. We should respect nature, a characteristic of Korean architecture, maintain visual continuity that harmonies with nature in the development of the complex space of the domestic department stores, and should take significance in the development of the complex cultural space in the direction of feeling the hierarchy of the space to obtain the visual pleasure with the artificial structure.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.795-809
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was first, to clarify the clothing benefits that Uzbek female college students seek through clothing products; and second, to determine whether there is a difference in clothing involvement and clothing purchasing behavior according to the type of clothing benefits. Data were collected from 290 female university students from Tashkent, Uzbekistan, and analyzed using factor analysis, K-means group classification analysis, ANOVA, Duncan test, χ²-test, and frequency analysis. Respondents were classified into four types according to their clothing benefits: individuality/economy-pursuit, comfort-pursuit, fashion/brand-pursuit, and indifference. Significant differences were identified in terms of clothing involvement, information sources, clothing evaluation criteria, clothing store attributes, clothing wearing conditions (including monthly clothing expenses), number of purchases per year, clothing purchase location, clothing preference style, and clothing dissatisfaction. The fashion/brand-pursuit and personality/economy-pursuit types were influenced more by fashion and symbolism of clothing involvement, information sources, clothing evaluation criteria, and clothing store attributes. The individuality/economy-pursuit type purchased more frequently, spent more monthly clothing expenses, and used the internet. Clothing store attributes were considered more important by female students than the other attributes. In these results, clothing benefits were identified as consumer characteristics of female Uzbek college students and market segmentation was determined. In addition, it is meaningful in providing basic data for efficient marketing activities and minimizing trials and errors in establishing local-friendly strategies for target customers in different cultures.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.239-262
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• 2010

This study looks at the patterns of married women's lifestyles and verifies whether there are differences in their preferences, the will to continue shopping, and the importance of healthy foods. The paper analyzes the relative influence of each lifestyle pattern on the level of satisfaction with healthy foods. The results of the analysis of this study are as follows. To find patterns in the lifestyles of married women ages 20s to 50s, the factors were analyzed and five lifestyle patterns were extracted: health managing type, fashion pursuing type, self-expressing type, family-oriented type, and eco-friendly type. If we examine the purchasing of healthy foods for each lifestyle, women with a self-expressing lifestyle gain more information from news articles, books, and salespeople than from other information sources. Women of the health managing, family-oriented, and eco-friendly types had high purchasing frequencies and amounts. A cluster analysis was carried out to categorize the different groups being investigated into lifestyle types. They were categorized into the four clusters: active multiple-oriented type; fashion, self-expressing compromising type; passive well-being oriented type; and family and health managing type. It has been verified that there are differences among the clusters in terms of the level of importance of products, contributions to health, as well as distribution and management of healthy foods. To be more specific, the level of importance of the products as well as their distribution and management manifested as being higher among the active multiple-oriented type and the family-oriented and health managing types. The level of importance of contributions to health scored high among all groups, except the passive well-being oriented type. The active multiple-oriented type and the family-oriented and health managing types showed a high level of preference and will to continue purchasing healthy foods, while the fashion and self-expressing compromising types and passive well-being oriented type showed a low level of preference and will. In order to find patterns in the level of satisfaction with healthy foods, three factors were analyzed: credibility of labels, contributions to health, and satisfaction with the store. The factors that had the greatest influence on the total level of satisfaction was the credibility of labels for the family-oriented lifestyle; a product's contribution to health for the health managing lifestyle; and the store for the fashion pursuing lifestyle.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.690-702
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• 2012

This study examined the fashion lifestyle of Chinese women in their 20s and analyzed the purchasing behavior of clothing and attitudes toward the Korean image, Korean Wave, Korean fashion, and preference for Korean fashion brands according to a fashion lifestyle. The major results were as follows: 1) Fashion lifestyle was comprised of factors for the pursuit of personality, pursuit of aesthetic, pursuit of brand, and pursuit of economy. The cluster analysis classified them into groups of: Economy/Personality Oriented, Aesthetic/Brand Oriented, and Fashion-Indifferent. 2) Information source and store patronage were different among the three consumer groups. 3) Attitude toward the Korean image, Korean Wave, Korean fashion, and preference for Korean fashion brands were different among the three consumer groups. These results can be used as the basic data or information for fashion companies that are developing marketing strategies for Chinese women in their 20s.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2008

This study examined the actual consumption status and consumer preference for juk via questionnaire survey to provide useful basic data for the development of diversified commercial juk products. The survey data were collected from a target number of 450 participants living in the Seoul area. The subjects represented different age groups (over 20 years old) and both genders. Through a market survey based on five different retailers, which included juk-specialty stores, supermarkets, and local shopping marts, 17 kinds of commercial juk were chosen for the survey. Consumption frequency and purchasing factors were examined, along with preferences toward commercial juk products and areas for quality improvement. The results revealed that 54.0% of the respondents consumed commercial juk, and male consumers exceeded female consumers in number. It was also shown that those in their $20^{\circ}{\O}s$ consumed commercial juk products the least as compared to other age groups. With regard to commercial juk preferences by type of production mode, females especially preferred specialty store juk while males preferred retort juk sold in supermarkets or local shopping marts. In addition, 85.7% of the total respondents indicated that commercial juk should be further improved in quality, and they specifically noted possible improvements in the areas of 'choice diversification' and 'healthy juk' products. Therefore, one can conclude that by making such improvements, increase in consumption and further diversification of commercial juk products could be realized.