• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권11호
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• pp.1615-1621
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• 2014

A wireless tram which runs without catenary and instead uses batteries installed in the tram has been recently researched actively. This paper presents a new method maximizing absorption of regenerative energy of a wireless tram and extending life cycle of the energy storage device in the wireless tram by applying line-optimized charging and discharging scenario. Energy efficiency and life cycle of energy storage system (ESS) are highly dependent on the characteristic of operating conditions. For example, frequent charge and discharge with high power cause the problems that decrease the battery life cycles. Hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is combination of two ESSs which have complementary characteristics to each other. HESS can provide even better functionality and performance than the battery only ESS due to the synergy effect of two ESSs. This paper also provides a power distribution strategy and driving scenarios which increase the life cycle and energy efficiency of the HESS consisting of a battery and an ultra-capacitor. The developed strategy was tested and verified by a hardware-in-the-loop-simulation (HILS) system which emulates the a wireless tram.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2016

There has been a rapid growth in the development of mobile application resulting from its wide usage for online transaction, data storage and exchange of information. However, an important issue that has been overlooked is the lack of emphasis on the security issues at the early stage of the development. In fact, security issues have been kept until the later stage of the implementation of mobile apps. Requirements engineers frequently ignore and incorrectly elicit security related requirements at the early stage of mobile application development. This scenario has led to the failure of developing secure and safe mobile application based on the needs of the users. As such, this paper intends to provide further understanding of the real challenges in extracting security attributes for mobile application faced by novice requirements engineers. For this purpose, two experiments on eliciting security attributes requirements of textual requirements scenario were conducted. The performance related to the correctness and time taken to elicit the security attributes were measured and recorded. It was found that the process of eliciting correct security attributes for mobile application requires effort, knowledge and skills. The findings indicate that an automated tool for correct elicitation security attributes requirement could help to overcome the challenges in eliciting security attributes requirements, especially among novice requirements engineers.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.442-449
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• 2017

Risk management of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station decommissioning is a great challenge. In the present study, a risk management framework has been developed for the decommissioning work. It is applied to fuel assembly retrieval from Unit 3 spent fuel pool. Whole retrieval work is divided into three phases: preparation, retrieval, and transportation and storage. First of all, the end point has been established and the success path has been developed. Then, possible threats, which are internal/external and technical/societal/management, are identified and selected. "What can go wrong?" is a question about the failure scenario. The likelihoods and consequences for each scenario are roughly estimated. The whole decommissioning project will continue for several decades, i.e., long-term perspective is important. What should be emphasized is that we do not always have enough knowledge and experience of this kind. It is expected that the decommissioning can make steady and good progress in support of the proposed risk management framework. Thus, risk assessment and management are required, and the process needs to be updated in accordance with the most recent information and knowledge on the decommissioning works.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.131-144
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• 2019

Climate Change affects the hydrological cycle in agricultural watersheds through rising air temperature and changing rainfall patterns. Agricultural watersheds in Korea are characterized by extensive paddy fields and intensive water use, a resource that is under stress from the changing climate. This study analyzed the effects of climate change on river flows for Geum Cheon and Eun-San Choen watershed using STREAM, a semi-distributed watershed model. In order to evaluate the performance and improve the reliability of the model, calibration and validation of the model was done for one flow observation point and three reservoir water storage ratio points. Climate change scenarios were based on RCP data provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) and bias corrections were done using the Quantile Mapping method to minimize the uncertainties in the results produced by the climate model to the local scale. Because of water mass-balance, evapotranspiration tended to increase steadily with an increase in air temperature, while the increase in RCP 8.5 scenario resulted in higher RCP 4.5 scenario. The increase in evapotranspiration led to a decrease in the river flow, particularly the decrease in the surface runoff. In the paddy agricultural watershed, irrigation water demand is expected to increase despite an increase in rainfall owing to the high evapotranspiration rates occasioned by climate change.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.12-23
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• 2016

향후 국내에서 수행될 이산화탄소 지중저장 프로젝트의 성공적인 수행을 위해서는 현장 지질조건에 최적화된 주입 조건을 설계하는 것이 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 주입량 및 주입온도 등의 주입조건이 격리저장시스템의 역학적 안정성에 미치는 영향을 열-수리-역학 연계해석기법의 하나인 TOUGH-FLAC 해석기법을 이용하여 평가하였다. 저장시스템의 역학적 안정성은 기존 균열의 전단미끄러짐 발생가능성을 활동마찰각 및 응력원을 이용하여 분석하였다. 이산화탄소의 주입온도가 저류층의 초기온도보다 낮은 저온주입의 조건에도 열응력으로 인한 인장균열은 발생하지 않는 것으로 파악되었으나, 저류층에서 전단미끄러짐이 발생하는 결과를 보였다. 단위시간당 이산화탄소 주입량을 변화시킨 시나리오 해석에서는 단계별로 주입량을 감소시키는 주입시나리오에서 기존 균열들의 전단미끄러짐 발생 가능성이 가장 낮은 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2023

현재 통용되고 있는 화석연료로부터 발생되는 환경오염에 대한 대안으로써 대기오염이 발생하지 않는 수소를 사용하기 위한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 하지만, 최근까지도 수소 누출에 의한 화재 및 폭발사고가 발생함에 따라 특수한 환경인 선박에서 수소를 상용화하기 위해 안전에 관한 연구가 더욱 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수소저장탱크가 설비된 수소연료전지 추진선박이 울산 장생포항을 운항하던 중 누출사고가 발생할 경우의 계절별 대안 시나리오와 최악의 시나리오를 가정하였다. 또한, 환경변수를 고려하기 위하여 기상청 2021년도 연평균 기상자료와 통계청 지리정보 자료를 토대로 ALOHA와 프로빗 분석을 통해 피해 영향 범위를 도출하였다. 복사열이 대안 시나리오와 최악의 시나리오 모두에서 과압과 화염의 피해 영향범위 보다 넓은 피해범위가 나타났고 프로빗 분석 결과 가정한 모든 구역에서 99%의 사망률을 확인하였다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제21권spc호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2019

최근 연속적인 호우사상으로 인해 홍수가 발생하고 있으며, 이로 인한 재산 및 인명피해가 증가하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 연속적인 호우사상 발생 사례를 바탕으로 거대강우 시나리오와 거대홍수를 정의하였다. 경안천 유역의 100년 빈도 확률강우사상이 연속적으로 발생한다는 가정하에 거대강우 시나리오를 생성하였으며, 거대홍수량을 산정하기 위하여 SSARR(Streamflow Synthesis and Reservoir Regulation)모형을 이용하였다. 또한, 보다 합리적인 유출해석을 수행하기 위하여 SCE_UA기법을 통해 매개변수를 추정하고, SSR(Sum of Squared of Residual)과 첨두유량 모의에 유리한 WSSR(Weighted Sum of Squared of Residual)의 목적함수를 이용하여 모형의 보정 및 검증을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 적합성 검토를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 경안천 유역의 100년 빈도 강우사상의 연속발생으로 인한 거대홍수량은 4,802㎥/s로 산정되었고, 경안천하천정비기본계획(2011)에서 산정한 100년 빈도 단일 강우사상에 의한 홍수량은 3,810㎥/s으로 산정되었다. 따라서 거대홍수량이 단일 호우사상에 의한 홍수량 보다 약 992㎥/s 만큼 증가하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 이는 향후 거대홍수를 고려할 경우, 경안천 유역의 치수방어대책 수립시 참고자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.685-693
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• 2016

LNG 저장탱크의 외조는 콘크리트 부재로 수직 방향 및 원환 방향 프리스트레싱 벽체 구조인데, 저장탱크의 대형화가 이루어짐에 따라 프리스트레싱 구간이 길어지고 그에 따른 극한 하중을 받는 LNG 저장탱크의 거동에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 본 연구는 주요 사회기반시설구조물의 하나인 LNG 저장탱크에 테러와 같은 폭발 사고가 발생하였을 때 안전성 향상을 위하여 폭발 저항 성능에 대한 분석연구를 수행하였다. 해석은 유한요소해석 프로그램인 LS-DYNA를 사용하여 270,000kL급 LNG 저장탱크 외조의 TNT 폭발에 대한 거동을 평가해보고자 한다. 또한 TNT 폭발량에 따른 폭발에 대한 LNG 저장탱크의 거동 비교를 통해 구조물의 안전성 및 사용성을 평가해보고자 한다. 이 연구의 결과를 통해 폭발량에 따른 구조물에 거동 변화를 확인하고, 설계 시 안전성 기준 및 검토의 보조자료로 활용할 수 있도록 한다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2015

An embankment raising project on 113 agricultural reservoirs in Korea was implemented in 2009 to increase water supply capacity for agricultural water and instream uses. This study evaluated the future water supply capacity of the Imgo reservoir at which the agricultural reservoir embankment raising project was completed, considering climate change scenarios. The height of the embankment of the reservoir was increased by 4.5 m, thereby increasing its total storage from 1,657.0 thousand to 3,179.5 thousand cubic meters. To simulate the reservoir water storage with respect to climate changes, two climate change scenarios, namely, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 (in which greenhouse gas reduction policy was executed and not executed, respectively) were applied with bias correction for reflecting the climate characteristics of the target basin. The analysis result of the agricultural water supply capacity in the future, after the agricultural reservoir embankment raising project is implemented, revealed that the water supply reliability and the agricultural water supply increased, regardless of the climate change scenarios. By simulating the reservoir water storage considering the instream flow post completion of the embankment raising project, it was found that water shortage in the reservoir in the future is not likely to occur when it is supplied with an appropriate instream flow. The range of instream flow tends to decrease over time under RCP 8.5, in which the greenhouse gas reduction policy was not executed, and the restoration of reservoir storage was lower in this scenario than in RCP 4.5, in which greenhouse gas reduction policy was executed.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) can be a cost-effective and renewable geothermal energy source, depending on site-specific and thermohydraulic conditions. To design an effective ATES system having the effect of groundwater movement, understanding of thermohydraulic processes is necessary. The heat transfer phenomena for an aquifer heat storage are simulated by using FEFLOW with the scenario of heat pump operation with pumping and waste water reinjection in a two layered confined aquifer model. Temperature distribution of the aquifer model is generated, and hydraulic heads and temperature variations are monitored at the both wells during 365 days. The average groundwater velocities are determined with two hydraulic gradient sets according to boundary conditions, and the effect of groundwater flow are shown at the generated thermal distributions of three different depth slices. The generated temperature contour lines at the hydraulic gradient of 0.001 are shaped circular, and the center is moved less than 5 m to the direction of groundwater flow in 365 days simulation period. However at the hydraulic gradient of 0.01, the contour center of the temperature are moved to the end of east boundary at each slice and the largest movement is at bottom slice. By the analysis of thermal interference data between two wells the efficiency of the heat pump system model is validated, and the variation of heads is monitored at injection, pumping and no operation mode.