• Title/Summary/Keyword: Stirrup

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Seismic Fragility Function for Existing Low-Rise Piloti-Type Buildings Reflecting Damage From Pohang Earthquake (포항지진의 피해 결과를 반영한 기존 저층 필로티 건물의 지진취약도함수)

  • Kim, Jinyoung;Kim, Taewan
    • Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.251-259
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    • 2021
  • Current seismic fragility functions for buildings were developed by defining damage state threshold based on story drift concerning foreign references and using the capacity spectrum method based on spectral displacement. In this study, insufficient details and dependence on the core location of piloti-type buildings were not reflected in the fragility function because it was developed before the Pohang earthquake. In order to develop an improved one for piloti-type buildings, several types of core were selected, damage state threshold was determined based on the capacity of structural members, and three-dimensional analyses were utilized. As a result, seismic fragility functions based on spectral acceleration were developed for various core locations and different shear strengths of the column stirrup. The fragility of piloti-type buildings significantly varied according to core location, an additional single wall, and whether the contribution of column stirrup was included or not. To estimate fragility more reasonably, it is necessary to prepare the parameters to reflect actual state well.

Compressive behavior of steel stirrups-confined square Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) columns

  • Zheng, Pan-deng;Guo, Zi-xiong;Hou, Wei;Lin, Guan
    • Advances in concrete construction
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.193-206
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    • 2021
  • Extensive research has been conducted on the basic mechanical property and structural applications of engineered cementitious composites (ECC). Despite the high tensile ductility and high toughness of ECC, transverse steel reinforcement is still necessary to confine ECC for high performance. However, limited research has examined performance of ECC confined with practical amount of transverse reinforcement. This paper presents the results of axial compression tests on 14 square ECC columns and 4 conventional concrete columns (used as control specimens) with transverse reinforcement. The test variables were spacing, configuration (square ties or square and diamond shape ties), and yield strength of stirrups. The test showed that ECC columns confined with steel stirrup had good compressive ductility, and the stirrup spacing had the greatest effect on the compressive performance. The self-confinement effect of ECC results in a more uniform but slower expansion of the whole column compared with CC ones. The test results are then compared against the predictions from a number of existing models for conventional confined concrete. It is indicated that these models fail to predict the axial strains at peak axial stress and the trend of the stress-strain curve of steel stirrups-confined ECC with sufficient accuracy. Several new equations are then proposed for the compressive properties of steel-confined ECC based on test results and potential approaches for future studies are proposed.

Flexural behavior of partially prefabricated partially encased composite beams

  • Liang, Jiong-feng;Zhang, Liu-feng;Yang, Ying-hua;Wei, Li
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.705-716
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    • 2021
  • An innovative partially precast partially encased composite beam (PPECB) is put forward based on the existing research. In order to study the flexural performance of the new composite beam which has precast part and cast-in-place part, six prefabricated specimens and one cast-in-place specimen are designed with considering the influence of the production method, the steel flange thickness, the concrete strength grade and the stirrup process on the behavior of the composite beam. Through four points loading and test data collection and analysis, the behavior of partially prefabricated specimen is similar to that of cast-in-place specimen, and the casting method, the thickness of the steel flange, the concrete strength grade and the stirrup process have different influence on the crack, yield and peak load bearing capacity of the component. Finally, the calculation theory of plastic bending of partially precast partially encased concrete composite beams is given. The calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which can be used for practical engineering theory guidance. This paper can provide reference value for further research and engineering application.

Improvement of Spectral Displacement-Based Damage State Criteria of Existing Low-Rise, Piloti-Type Buildings (기존 저층 필로티 건물의 스펙트럼 변위 기반 손상도 기준 개선)

  • Kim, Taewan
    • Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.201-211
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    • 2021
  • The Ministry of the Interior and Safety in Korea developed seismic fragility function for various building types in 2009. Damage states for most building types were determined by structural analyses of sample models and foreign references because actual cases damaged by earthquakes rarely exist in Korea. Low-rise, piloti-type buildings showed severe damage by brittle failure in columns due to insufficient stirrup details in the 2017 Pohang earthquake. Therefore, it is necessary to improve damage state criteria for piloti-type buildings by consulting actual outcomes from the earthquake. An analytical approach was conducted by developing analysis models of sample buildings reflecting insufficient stirrup details of columns to accomplish the purpose. The result showed that current spectral displacements of damage states for piloti-type buildings might be too large to estimate actual fragility. When the brittle behavior observed in the earthquake is reflected in the analysis model, one-fourth through one-sixth of current spectral displacements of damage states may be appropriate for existing low-rise, piloti-type buildings.

Experimental study on bearing capacity of PFCC column-RC beam joint reinforced with CST

  • Ping Wu;Dongang Li;Feng Yu;Yuan Fang;Guosheng Xiang;Zilong Li
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.47 no.1
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    • pp.19-36
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    • 2023
  • An experimental study of eleven PVC-FRP Confined Concrete (PFCC) column-Reinforced Concrete (RC) beam joints reinforced with Core Steel Tube (CST) under axial compression is carried out. All specimens are designed in accordance with the principle of "weak column and strong joint". The influences of FRP strips spacing, length and steel ratio of CST, height and stirrup ratio of joint on mechanical behavior are investigated. As the design anticipated, all specimens are destroyed by column failure. The failure mode of PFCC column-RC beam joint reinforced with CST is the yielding of longitudinal steel bars, CST and stirrups of column as well as the fracture of FRP strips and PVC tube. The ultimate bearing capacity decreases as FRP strips spacing or joint height increases. The effects of other three studied parameters on ultimate bearing capacity are not obvious. The strain development rules of longitudinal steel bars, PVC tube, FRP strips, column stirrups and CST are revealed. The effects of various studied parameters on stiffness are also examined. Additionally, an influence coefficient of joint height is introduced based on the regression analysis of test data, a theoretical formula for predicting bearing capacity is proposed and it agrees well with test data.

Characteristics of Structural Behavior of Steel Fiber Reinforced Ultra High Performance Concrete Beams Subjected to Torsion (강섬유 보강 초고성능 콘크리트 보의 비틀림 거동 특성)

  • Yang, In-Hwan;Joh, Changbin;Lee, Jung-Woo;Kim, Byung-Suk
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.87-95
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    • 2014
  • Experimental investigation on the structural behavior of steel fiber-reinforced ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) beams subjected to torsion are presented. Six tests carried out on square beams under torsional moment are presented. The experimental parameters were the volume fraction of the fibers and closed-stirrup ratio. The volume fraction of the fibers was 1.0% and 2.0%. The closed-stirrup ratio was 0, 0.35%, and 0.70%. The test results indicated that ultimate torsional strength increased with increasing fiber volume, and that ultimate torsional strength also increased with increasing the closed-stirrup ratio. In addition, predictive equations for evaluating the ultimate torsional strength of UHPC beams were proposed. The comparison between computed values and the experimentally observed values was shown to validate the proposed analytical equations. It was found that predictions by using proposed equation provides good agreement with test results of UHPC beams.

A Study on Shear Failure in RC Beams with Web Reinforcement (복부보강이 된 철근 콘크리트보에서의 전단파괴에 대한 연구)

  • Park, Cheol-Woo;Kim, Jun-Sung;Kim, Woo
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 1999.10a
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    • pp.381-384
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    • 1999
  • The present paper describe the result obtai ed from 11 beam specimens to explore the influence of stirrups on shear failure process. Each beam specimen was reinforced with one or two stirrup. Then the experimental results were analyzed and compared with the results obtained from truss model analyzsis.

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Evaluation of Reinforcement Tension in RC Beams without stirrup using Truss Model (트러스 모델을 이용한 스터럽이 없는 철근콘크리트보의 주철근력 평가)

  • Rhee Chang Shin;Lee Seung Hyun;Kim Dae Joong;Kim Woo
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2005.05a
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    • pp.407-410
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    • 2005
  • This paper describes an evaluation of reinforcement tension in RC beams using the variable truss models. The models were examined with the beam test results by Kim, Kim and White. Consequently, a fixed inclination $\theta$ at the support un-explains global state of internal force flow in cracked reinforced concrete beams subjected to shear and bending. Accordingly, we must introduce the arch factor for development of consistent model in reinforced concrete beams subjected to shear and bending

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Evaluation of Shear Capacity According to Transverse Spacing of Wide Beam Shear Reinforced with Steel Plate with Openings (유공형 강판으로 전단보강된 넓은 보에서의 횡방향 보강 간격에 따른 전단성능 평가)

  • Choi, Jin Woong;Kim, Min Sook;Choi, Bong-Seob;Lee, Young Hak;Kim, Heecheul
    • Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.259-266
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, transverse shear spacing and effective depth of wide beams were considered as parameters to evaluate the shear capacity of wide beam according to transverse spacing of steel plates with openings in experimental way. The eight specimens were composed of: five specimens of shear reinforced by steel plates with openings and three non-reinforced specimens. Crack, failure mode, strain and load-displacement curve of specimens were analysed. Shear contribution of shear reinforcement is evaluated and maximum transverse spacing of shear reinforcement was proposed. Shear strength of the specimen that reinforced with three stirrup legs was higher than shear strength of the specimen that reinforced with two stirrup legs. And as the effective depth increased, shear strength was increased.

Flexural Behavior of Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Segmental Box Girder (초고강도 섬유보강 콘크리트 분절형 박스 거더의 휨거동)

  • Guo, Qingyong;Han, Sang-Mook
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.109-116
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    • 2014
  • The flexural behavior test of UHPC segmental box girder which has 160 MPa compressive strength and 15.4 m length was carried out. The effect of steel fibers in combination with reinforcing bars on improving the ductile performance of UHPC box girder was evaluated by comparing the flexural behavior of the UHPC segmental box girders made by the two kinds of mixing portion. The test variables are volume fraction of steel fibers and the arrangement of reinforcing bars. The behavior of UHPC box girder BF2 composed of 1% volume fraction of steel fibers and longitudinal reinforcing bars in web and upper flange with stirrup showed the similar ductile behavior with the girder BF1 composed of 2% volume fraction without stirrup in elastic stress region. But BF1 had the better stiffness and showed the more ductile behavior in inelastic stress region. Segmental interfaces of UHPC box girder have not any crack and slide until the final flexural collapse load.