• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.131-134
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• 2004

A strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was isolated from a weed, water chickweed (Stellaria aquatica), growing in the pepper field in Chunchon, Korea. This isolate, CMV-Sa, was differentiated from other CMVs based on biological properties and nucleotide sequence analysis of the coat protein (CP) gene. CMV-Sa showed different reactions to all the tested plants, except Capsicum annuum and Cucumis sativus, when compar-ed with those of CMV-Mf (subgroup I) and CMV-PaFM (subgroup II). Remarkably, in Nicotiana tabacum cvs. Samsun, Xanthi-nc and Ky-57, CMV-Sa induced local necrotic ring spots on the inoculated leaves and venal wave pattern and mosaic on the upper leaves. RNA analysis, serology, and RT-PCR of CP gene showed that CMV-Sa belonged to subgroup I of CMV. However, restriction enzyme analysis of the cDNA using AluI, HhaI, HincII, HindIII, HinfI and MspI showed that CMV-Sa was distinct from that of CMV-Mf. Based on comparison of the nucleotide of CP gene and deduced amino acid sequences between other CMV strains, CMV-Sa was closely related to CMV-Mf with 93.7% and 97.2 % identity, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.283-290
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• 1988

This study was conducted to clarify the identification of phytotoxic compounds from 5 upland weeds which had been collected at their maturity age in the field of Kyungpook province, Korea. 5 weed species including Stellaria aquatica strongly inhibited the lettuce seed germination. These 5 species were Amaranthus lividus, Stellaria aquatica, Achyranthes japonica, Polygonum perfoliata and Galinsoga ciliata. the degree of inhibitory effects according to various solvent extracts such as ethanol, aceton, chloroform and ether was different as species. In total phenol and diphenol content G. ciliata had largest amount of total phenol with 2.75mg/g, P. perfoliata 1.8mg/g, S. aquatica 1.7mg/g, A. lividus 1.28mg/g, A. japonica 1.27mg/g respectively. A. lividus had much amount of p-cresol, hydroquinone, ferulic, caffeic, p-cl-benzoic and p-coumaric in order. S. aquatica, A. japonica, P. perfoliata and G. ciliata had a large quantity of ferulic, caffeic, 7-OH-coumarin and protocatechuic acids in common. The amount of fatty acids was existed 8.49mg/g in S. aquatica, 7.14mg/g in A. japonica, 7.10mg/g in G. ciliata, 5.49mg/g in P. perfoliata and 4.2mg/g in A. lividus respectively. Most of 4 weeds except G. ciliata had much oxalic acid to the extent of 14-22mg/g. however it appeared that G. ciliata had much quantity of feruic and citric acids.

• Mycobiology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.263-269
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• 2017

The genus Peronospora, an obligate biotrophic group belonging to Oomycota, causes serious damage to a variety of wild and ornamental plants, as well as cultivated crops, such as beet, rose, spinach, and tobacco. To investigate the diversity of Peronospora species parasitic to Stellaria and Pseudostellaria (Caryophyllaceae) plants in Korea, we performed a morphological analysis on dried herbarium specimens and molecular phylogenetic inferences based on internal transcribed spacer rDNA and cox2 mitochondrial DNA sequences. As a result, it was confirmed that there are four species of Peronospora parasitic to specific species of Stellaria and Pseudostellaria, all of which were hitherto unrecorded in Korea: P. alsinearum (ex Stellaria media), P. stellariae-aquaticae (ex Stellaria aquatica), P. stellariae-uliginosae (ex Stellaria alsine), and P. pseudostellariae (ex Pseudostellaria palibiniana). In addition, Peronospora specimens parasitic to Pseudostellaria davidii differed morphologically from P. pseudostellariae owing to the large and ellipsoidal conidia; this morphological discrepancy was also validated by the high genetic divergence between the two species. Peronospora casparyi sp. nov. is described and illustrated here.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 1978

Free anino acid contents in alcohol extract of eight plants of Caryophyllaceae and their microbial activities were investigated. 1) Amino acid contents in both of the Pseudostellaria palibiniana and Stellaria media was the highest among them and the contents was less in the order of Cerastium caspitosum and Stellaria aquatica. 2) Of all free amino acids contained in eight plants, valine was the richest, and then glutamic acid, leucine in that order. On the other hand, no methionine was observed and cystine, lysine and histidine were found in small amounts. 3) Of eight plants exhibited good antibacterial action against Sarcina lutea, B. subtilis and Sal. typhi. 4) S.aquatica and Pseudostellaria palibiniana showed antibiotic actions against all bacteria except for fungus, Candida albicans. 5) C. caspitosum and C. brachypetalum showed inhibition zone against B. subtilis and Sal. typhi only. 6) Antibacterial activity against gram(+) bacteria was more potent than gram(-).

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 1978

From phytochemical screening of the seven species of Caryophyllaceae, that is, one species of Melandrium, and Dianthus and Pseudostellaria, two species of Stellaria and Cerastium the following compounds were identified. 1) aldehyde, sugars, other reducing compounds and glycosides from the above mentioned seven species of Caryophyllaceae were identified by thin layer chromatography method and comparison of Rf values with the standard substances. 2) Saponins, steroids and terpenoids showed positive reaction with the Froth testing in all of seven plants. Five species of plant showed positive reaction with Liebermann-Buchard test. 3) Flavonoid and polyphenolic compounds were identified by the spots in TLC-test and chlorogenic acid showed the same Rf values with the standard substances. 4) The spots of alkaloid were shown at Rf=0.68 (Stellaria aquatica) and at Rf=0.71 (Pseudostellaria palibiniana) and at Rf=0.70, and 0.44 (Dianthus sinensis).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.108.2-109
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.115-115
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• 2002

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• v.56
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• pp.15-38
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• 1998

Biomass and soil properties of plant communites was investigated in the limestone ares, Tanyang, Ch'ungbuk Province in Korea. Plants was classified in calcicoles and calcifuges within plant communities occurring in the limestone area. Biomass of plant populatins in the limestone area was measured that Stellaria aquatica was the lowest(0.58g/plant), Chrysanthemum boreale was the highest(8.87g/plant) and that Pennisetum alopecuroides, Miscanthus sinensis was 6.67g/plant, 5.76g/plant, respectively. Diameter of breast height among the tree layer communities was investigated that Pinus densiflora was the widest(20cm), Juniperus rigida was the narrowest(6cm) and that Quercus aliena, Populus ${\times}$ tomentiglandulosa was 10cm, 12cm, respectively. The high of density in the tree layer was found out Populus ${\times}$ tomentiglandulosa, Juniperus rigida, Quercus aliena, Pinus densiflora in this order. Dominant species in the study area were Pinus densiflora, Quercus aliena, Juniperus rigida, Quercus dentata in the tree layer, Lespedeza bicolor, Buxus microphylla, Rhus chinensis in the shrub layer, Humulus Japonicus, Erigeron canadensis, Xanthium strumarium, Oenothera odorata Persicaria hypropiper on the riverside, Pennisetum alopecuroides, Vicia amoena, Chrysanthemum boreale on the roadside. Soil properties of the limestone area was investigated around the protrusion of rock in the upper region, around the cave and underlayer accumulated by corrosion in the study area. Lime-chlorosis was observed in the upper region, underlayer and around the cave. It was observed that biota of kum-gul and dungbong-gul was Rhinolophus ferrumequinum korai, Epanerchodus kimi, Antrokoreana gracilipes, Diestrammena japonical. Dominant species were Humulus japonicus, Stellaria aquatica, Hydrocotyle maritima, Phragmites communis, Miscanthus sinensis around the inlet of a kum-gul. It was classified that plants in the study area was 34 order, 53 family, 135 species in all. Calcicoles were 11 order, 16 family, 18 species and calcufuges were 6 order, 8 family, 11 species of them all.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.353-357
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• 2004

Large economic losses have been reported by root-knot nematide, Meloidogyne incognita, in Korea. However, fewy environmentally-friendly nematicide alternatives for the control of M. incognita have been developed. This study was conducted of Korean native plants to screen nematicidal activity which could be used by organic farmers. Methanol extracts (1,000 mg $L^{-1}$) from fifty-three Korean native plants were applied to 24-well tissue culture testplates containing $1\times10^2$ M incognita and the nematicidal activities were determined. Nematicidal activities of the methanol extracts in common purslain (Portulaca oleraceae L.) and water mouse-ear-chickweed (Stellaria aquatica Scop.) were 60.0% and 40.6%, respectively, compared with that of control, however, those of other forty-one plants were less than 30%. Our results suggest that the methanol extracts of common purslain and water mouse-ear-chickweed contain nematicidal active compounds.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.72-79
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• 2008

Phytosociological study was carried out to investigate the structural characteristics of Humulus japonicus community in the Middle area of Korea. The vegetation data of total 67 $relev\acute{e}s$ were analyzed by the $Z\ddot{u}rich$-Montpellier school's method. Upper layer plant communities of Humulus japonicus were classified into four community groups : Humulus japonicus-Artemisia princeps community, Chenopodium album community, Setaria viridis-Echinochloa crus-galli community and Typical community. Lower layer plant communities were classified into five community groups : Galium spurium-Stellaria aquatica community, Equisetum arvense community, Persicaria theunbergii community, Echinochloa crus-galli-Digitaria ciliaris community and Typical community. According to the results of canonical correspondence analysis by vegetation and environmental factor, Setaria viridis-Echinochloa crus-galli community of upper layer was distributed throughout the soil with high relative light and soil hardness. Chenopodium album community appeared in the soil with high pH. Galium spurium-Stellaria aquatica community of lower layer was formed in the high soil pH. Persicaria theunbergii community and Echinochloa crus-galli-Digitaria ciliaris community were distributed in the soil with high moisture.