• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2017

PURPOSE. This study was designed to evaluate the teeth and dental implants during dental maintenance therapy over 3 years in different conditions after periodontal and dental prosthetic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 166 patients received maintenance therapy. 59 patients were treated with 2% minocycline-HCl ointment as local drug delivery (LDD) (L group) and 107 patients were treated without LDD (NL group). Clinical data was collected in maintenance period for evaluation. Patients were classified into groups depending on the application of LDD with maintenance therapy, the type of dental treatment before maintenance period (Pre-Tx), the frequency (F-MT), and regularity (R-MT) of maintenance therapy. RESULTS. The numbers of lost teeth (N-teeth, P=.003) and newly placed dental implants (N-implants, P=.022) are significantly different according to Pre-Tx. F-MT among patients who received surgical dental treatment before maintenance period showed statistical differences in N-teeth (P=.041), but not in N-implants (P=.564). All of the patients in L group showed high F-MT (F-MT1). In NL group, there were no statistical differences in N-teeth or N-implants according to F-MT or R-MT. In F-MT1 group, application of LDD made N-teeth significantly different from both Pre-Tx groups while no significant difference could be found in N-implant. Independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were selected for statistical analysis. CONCLUSION. The regular maintenance therapy and LDD can be effective for teeth during maintenance period. It is not only pharmacological efficacy in decreasing bacterial species that makes LDD a useful adjunct. Application of LDD also motivates patients to take adequate check-ups in the aspects of both frequency and regularity.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2007

Purpose : This study was to find the effects of conservative therapy and sling therapy program of strength exercise and Gymnic Ball therapy program of stabilizer exercise and to find the effects of pain relieve through visual analogue scale(VAS) in chronic low back pain patients (male; 18, female;22). Methods : The measurement of pain was performed to both group by VAS from pre treatment to one to seven weeks. Results : 1. By the result of one-way ANOVA, Both group was the statistical significance in VAS during seven weeks(p<.05). 2. By the result of paired t-test, Both group was not statistical significance between the values of pre treatment and treatment after six and seven weeks but was statistical significance one week to seven weeks(p<.05). Conclusion : It was concluded that low back pain would be relieved by the progressive exercise and education for low back pain, and that the interventions would be helpful to prevent additional injuries by increasing the flexibility and muscular endurance.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2013

Objective : The Leksell Gamma Knife$^{(R)}$ (LGK) is based on a single-fraction high dose treatment strategy. Therefore, independent verification of the Leksell GammaPlan$^{(R)}$ (LGP) is important for ensuring patient safety and minimizing the risk of treatment errors. Although several verification techniques have been previously developed and reported, no method has ever been tested statistically on multiple LGK target treatments. The purpose of this study was to perform and to evaluate the accuracy of a verification method (modified variable ellipsoid modeling technique, MVEMT) for multiple target treatments. Methods : A total of 500 locations in 10 consecutive patients with multiple brain tumor targets were included in this study. We compared the data from an LGP planning system and MVEMT in terms of dose at random points, maximal dose points, and target volumes. All data was analyzed by t-test and the Bland-Altman plot, which are statistical methods used to compare two different measurement techniques. Results : No statistical difference in dose at the 500 random points was observed between LGP and MVEMT. Differences in maximal dose ranged from -2.4% to 6.1%. An average distance of 1.6 mm between the maximal dose points was observed when comparing the two methods. Conclusion : Statistical analyses demonstrated that MVEMT was in excellent agreement with LGP when planning for radiosurgery involving multiple target treatments. MVEMT is a useful, independent tool for planning multiple target treatment that provides statistically identical data to that produced by LGP. Findings from the present study indicate that MVEMT can be used as a reference dose verification system for multiple tumors.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.475-480
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• 2005

This study is designed to find out the effect of Corydalidis Tuber Carthami Flos Paeoniae Radix Rubra mixed water extract on adjuvant arthritis, and to check the stability for Corydalidis Tuber Carthami Flos Paeoniae Radix Rubra mixed water extract about the liver. At first, rats were devided into four groups; Normal(Non-treated group with FCA), Control(Group administrated saline everyday for 1 week after treatment of FCA), Sample A(group administrated Corydalidis Tuber Paeoniae Radix Rubra Carthami Flos mixed water extract $9mg/200{\sim}220g$ everyday 1 week after treatment of FCA) and Sample B(Group administrated Corydalidis Tuber Paeoniae Radix Rubra Carthami Flos mixed water extract $18mg/200{\sim}220g$ everyday 1 week after treatment of FCA). After then, separated searches were made on the change of edema rate, the number of WBC, the contented quantities of total protein, total bilirubin, GOT, GPT in the serum. Result : In the right planter edema, both of Sample groups showed a decrease with statistical significance in comparison with control group. In the WBC count, Sample B group showed a decrease with statistical significance in comparison with control group and also sample A group showed a decrease, but did not show statistical significance. In the serum total protein, both of samples did not show statistically significant decrease in comparison with the control group. In the serum total bilirubin, GOT and GPT, both of samples did not show any harmful change about the liver in comparison with the control group. According to the above results, it is concluded that Corydalidis Tuber Paeoniae Radix Rubra Carthami Flos mixed water extract had the therapeutic effect of anti-inflammation in adjuvant arthritis with no injury to liver.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.339-352
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• 2019

Long term water quality change was analyzed to evaluate the effect of the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) policy. A trend analysis was performed for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations data monitored at the outlets of the total 41 TMDL unit watersheds of the Nakdong River in the Republic of Korea. Because water quality data do not usually follow a normal distribution, a nonparametric statistical trend analysis method was used. The monthly mean values of BOD and TP for the period between 2004 and 2015 were analyzed by the seasonal Mann-Kendall test and the locally weighted scatterplot smoother (LOWESS). The TMDL policy effect on the water quality change of each unit watershed was analyzed together with the results of the trend analysis. From the seasonal Mann-Kendall test results, it was found that for BOD, 7.8 % of the 41 points showed downward trends, 26.8 % and the rest 65.9% showed upward and no trends. For TP, 51.2% showed no trends and the rest 48.8% showed downward trends. From the LOWESS analysis results, TP began to decrease in most of the unit watersheds from mid-2010s when intensive chemical treatment processes were introduced to existing wastewater treatment plants. Overall, for BOD, relatively more points were improved in the main stream compared to the points of the tributaries although overall trends were mostly no trend or upward. For TP, about half of the points were improved and the rest showed no trends.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.313-323
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the clinical effects of different types of bone-anchored maxillary protraction devices by using a network meta-analysis. Methods: We searched seven databases for randomized and controlled clinical trials that compared bone-anchored maxillary protraction with tooth-anchored maxillary protraction interventions or untreated groups up to May 2021. After literature selection, data extraction, and quality assessment, we calculated the mean differences, 95% confidence intervals, and surface under the cumulative ranking scores of eleven indicators. Statistical analysis was performed using R statistical software with the GeMTC package based on the Bayesian framework. Results: Six interventions and 667 patients were involved in 18 studies. In comparison with the tooth-anchored groups, the bone-anchored groups showed significantly more increases in Sella-Nasion-Subspinale (°), Subspinale-Nasion-Supramentale(°) and significantly fewer increases in mandibular plane angle and the labial proclination angle of upper incisors. In comparison with the control group, Sella-Nasion-Supramentale(°) decreased without any statistical significance in all treated groups. IMPA (angle of lower incisors and mandibular plane) decreased in groups with facemasks and increased in other groups. Conclusions: Bone-anchored maxillary protraction can promote greater maxillary forward movement and correct the Class III intermaxillary relationship better, in addition to showing less clockwise rotation of mandible and labial proclination of upper incisors. However, strengthening anchorage could not inhibit mandibular growth better and the lingual inclination of lower incisors caused by the treatment is related to the use of a facemask.

• 대한추나의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

Objective : The study aims to find out the effects of Chuna treatment on neck pain. Methods: Out of 40 neck pain people, we divided 20 people in group A was treated Acupuncture and China, 20 people in group B was treated Acupuncture. We measured Visual Analog Scale(VAS) and symptom grade before and after treatment in each group's. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS program. Results : 1. Symptom grade III was the highest frequency before treatment in Group A and Group B. After treatment, grade 0 was The highest frequency in Group A But grade 0, II were the highest frequency in Group B. 2. Group A was Significantly decreased in VAS compared with Group B. Conclusion: These results suggest that Chuna treatment is useful on the patients of neck pain.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1994년도 교수 연수회(역학)
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• pp.261-264
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• 1994

This paper proposes a new method for planning randomized clinical trials. This method is especially suited to comparison of a best standard or control treatment with an experimental treatment. Patients are allocated into two groups by a random or chance mechanism. Patients In the first group receive standard treatment; those in the second group are asked if they will accept the experimental therapy; if they decline. they receive the best standard treatment. In the analyses of results. all those in the second group. regardless of treatment. are compared with those in the first group. Any loss of statistical efficiency can be overcome by Increased numbers. This experimental plan is indeed a randomized clinical trial and has the advantage' that, before providing consent, a patient will know whether an experimental treatment is to be used.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.38-49
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• 2012

In this study, we analyze statistical characteristics of influent water quality in Daejeon waste water treatment plant and apply a stochastic model for data generation. In the analysis, the influent water quality data from year 2003 to 2008, except for year 2006, are used. Among water quality variables, we find strong correlations between BOD and T-N; T-N and T-P; BOD and T-P; $COD_{Mn}$ and T-P; and BOD and $COD_{Mn}$. We also find that different water quality variables follow different theoretical probability distribution functions, which also depends on whether the seasonal cycle is removed. Finally, we generate the influent water quality data using the multi-season 1st Markov model (Thomas-Fiering model). With model parameters calibrated for the period 2003~2005, the generated data for 2007~2008 are well compared with observed data showing good agreement in general. BOD and T-N are underestimated by the stochastic model. This is mainly due to the statistical difference in observed data itself between two periods of 2003~2005 and 2007~2008. Therefore, we expect the stochastic model can be applied with more confidence in the case that the data follows stationary pattern.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.2097-2100
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• 2013

Background: To estimate the numbers and trends in cervix cancer cases visiting the Radiotherapy Department at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal, statistical modelling from retrospective data was applied. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on data for a total of 159 patients treated for cervix cancer at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal, between $28^{th}$ September 2000 and $31^{st}$ December 2008. Theoretical statistics were used for statistical modelling and forecasting. Results: Using curve fitting method, Linear, Logarithmic, Inverse, Quadratic, Cubic, Compound, Power and Exponential growth models were validated. Including the constant term, none of the models fit the data well. Excluding the constant term, the cubic model demonstrated the best fit, with $R^2$=0.871 (p=0.004). In 2008, the observed and estimated numbers of cases were same (12). According to our model, 273 patients with cervical cancer are expected to visit the hospital in 2015. Conclusions: Our data predict a significant increase in cervical cancer cases in this region in the near future. This observation suggests the need for more focus and resource allocation on cervical cancer screening and treatment.