• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.73-83
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• 2016

PURPOSE : The purpose of this study to suggest the exercise programs for improving the function and structure by applying the Masan university scoliosis program exercise method and electrical therapy method to the scoliosis patient. METHODS : The subjects were 18 patients who were diagnosed with scoliosis. They were randomly assigned either to a Masan university scoliosis program exercise group (n=11) that received Masan university scoliosis program exercise program or to a electrical therapy group (n=7). Flexibility, static balance, dynamic balance, and spinal angles were measured by using one leg standing with closed eyes, functional reach test, and Cobb's angle, respectively. The chest expansion were calculated using differences of chest circumference between maximum inspiration and maximum expiration. RESULT : Masan university scoliosis program group before and after the intervention there was a difference in the static balance, spine angle(p<.05). Masan university scoliosis program group before and after the intervention there was a difference in the flexibility, static balance, spine angle, chest expansion (p<.05). CONCLUSION : These results revealed that Masan university scoliosis program exercise program improved flexibility, static standing balance, spine angle, used as scoliosis management and intervention. Therefore, it is expected to be used as a method for the treatment and prevention in the process of rehabilitation of patients with scoliosis.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of closed-chain exercise on weight supporting rate change within hemiplegic side and static dynamic balance ability in stroke patients. Methods : The subjects of the study were 13 hemiplegic patients who carried out closed-kinematic chain exercise program over 6 weeks. The exercises of the program are stand to sit with stall bar, stair-up & down by a hemiplegic leg and bridging exercise crossing the non-hemiplegic leg onto the hemiplegic leg. Each exercise was carried out over 3 sets of 10reps. Results : The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. After intervention, there was a statistically significant change in the weight supporting rate within hemiplegic and non-hemiplegic side(P<0.05). 2. After intervention, there was a statistically significant change in the static balance(FICSIT-4) ability(P<0.05). 3. After intervention, there was a statistically significant change in the dynamic balance(FSST, TUG, FRT) ability(P<0.05). Conclusion : The results of the study suggests that closed-chain exercise program in stroke patients improves their weight supporting rate and enhance the static dynamic balance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-23
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• 2014

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study suggests the exercise programs for improving the function and structure by applying the Schroth exercise method and sling exercise method to the scoliosis patient. METHODS: The subjects were 16 patients who were diagnosed with scoliosis. They were randomly assigned either to a Schroth exercise group (n=8) that received Schroth exercise program or to a sling exercise group (n=8) that received sling exercise program. Flexibility, static balance, dynamic balance, and spinal angles were measured by using the modified sit and reach test, one leg standing with closed eyes, functional reach test, and Cobb's angle, respectively. The chest expansion were calculated using differences of chest circumference between maximum inspiration and maximum expiration measured under armpits, at the junction between the sternum and xiphoid process, and at the waist. RESULT: Schroth group before and after the intervention there was a difference in the static balance, spine angle, chest expansion (p<.05). sling group before and after the intervention there was a difference in the flexibility, static balance, spine angle, chest expansion (p<.05). There were significantly differences between the both groups for chest expansion thoracic level inspiratory variables at post-exercise. CONCLUSION: These results revealed that two exercise program improved flexibility, static standing balance, spine angle, chest expansion level and ability used as scoliosis management and intervention. Therefore, it is expected to be used as a method for the treatment and prevention in the process of rehabilitation of patients with scoliosis.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.196-201
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of the apply of lumbar stabilization exercises and lumbar strengthening exercises using Medx machine on back functions such as static balance, lumbar reposition sense, and back pain(VAS) in chronic low back pain. This study divided 30 chronic low back pain patients who experienced only lumbar back pain(male: 5, female: 10) into a lumbar stabilization exercise group and a complex exercise group, and then performed their respective exercise programs for three times a week over a 8-week period. The lumbar static balance, lumbar reposition sense, and lumbar back pain were measured using a pair t-test within each group, and were also compared between two groups using an independent t-test. The results of the present study were as follows: Both groups exhibited statisti cally significant increases after performing their own exercise program in the static balance, lumbar reposition sense, and lumbar back pain(p<.05). However, the comparison of two groups confirmed that the complex exercise group resulted in greater effects than the lumbar stabilization exercise group(p<.05). In conclusion, muscle strengthening and stabilization exercises in chronic low back pain patients are considered to not only relieve back pain, but also improve various back functions.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

Most exercise for Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) has focused on selectively strengthening the vastus medialis oblique muscle (VMO). Although open chain knee extension exercises are effective for increasing overall quadriceps strength, they are not always indicated for PFPS rehabilitation. This study was designed to identify the effect of combined posture of lower extremity on Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastus lateralis muscle (VL) and VMO during static squat exercises. The subjects were twenty young adult males who had not experienced any knee injury and their Q-angle was within a normal range. They were asked to perform static squat exercises in five various postures using their lower extremities. The EMG activity of the VL and VMO were recorded in five exercises by surface electrodes and normalized by %MVC values derived from seated, isometric knee extensions. The normalized EMG activity levels (%MVC) of the VL and VMO for the five postures of the lower extremities were compared using one way ANOVA with repeated measures. Results of repeated measures of ANOVA's revealed that exercise 3 and exercise 5 produced significantly greater EMG activity of VMO/VL ratios than exercise 1 (p<.05). When the static squat exercise was combined with hip adduction and toes pointed outwardly, the EMG activity of VMO/VL rates was increased. The EMG activity of VMO/VL ratio was highest during static squat exercises performed on a decline squat. These results haveimportant implications for progressive and selective VMO muscle strengthening exercises in PFPS patients.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 2022

Purpose : The hamstring is a group of three muscles, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus, placed behind the thigh. The hamstring is one of the most commonly injured muscles and usually occurs during high-speed, high-intensity exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of static stretching and eccentric exercise of hamstrings on flexibility, strength, and functional performance. Methods : This study was conducted on 28 healthy adults. Subjects were divided into a static stretching group (n=15) and an eccentric exercise group (n=13). Subjects measured hamstring flexibility (active knee extension test), hamstring strength (concentric and eccentric peak torque), and functional performance (triple hop for distance and modified 20 m sprint). The intervention was conducted three times a week for six weeks. To compare the difference between values before and after the intervention, paired t-test was used, and an independent t-test was used to compare between groups. Results : In both groups, the active knee extension test, concentric peak torque, triple hop test, and 20 m sprint significantly increased after the intervention compared to before the intervention (p<.05). However, no significant difference was found in eccentric peak torque after intervention in both groups (p>.05). No significant difference was found between the two groups in the effect on the variables (p>.05). Conclusion : Both interventions were found to be effective for flexibility, concentric strength, and functional performance. Eccentric exercise and static stretching are recommended to improve the flexibility and functional performance of the hamstring. This study's results will be considered essential data on the effectiveness of static stretching and eccentric exercise.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.413-420
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effect of trunk stability exercise on various support base and posture on gait speed, static and dynamic balance performance. Methods : Included 17 persons with stroke who were living in the community. Trunk stability exercise program was conducted three times per week, 50 minutes per session, for 8 consecutive weeks. Subjects were tested with 10 m walking test(sec), multidirectional reach test (cm), timed get up and go test(sec) and K.A.T.3000 at both (pre and post treatment) time points. Paired t-test was used to exam mean differences between pre and post treatment by using SPSS 12.0. Results : After 8 weeks exercise program, there were significant differences in gait speed, static and dynamic balance performance(p<0.05). Conclusion : This study have shown that trunk stability exercise on various support base and posture improve physical functions(gait speed, static and dynamic balance performance).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.208-246
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aqua exercise program on the static balance of child with mental retardation. The subjects were seven male child and three female child with mental retardation(age ranges from 5 to 6). The subjects were practiced with focusing on the aqua exercise program for 8 weeks, from 7, January 2003 to 28, February 2003. The results of this study were as follows : 1. After the exercise program, the balance of double-stance by BPM was significantly reduced of lateral sway number by $12.2\%$(P<.01) with eyes obstruct. 2. After the exercise program, the balance of double-stance by BPM was significantly reduced of anterior and posterior sway number of left leg by $8.5\%$(P<.05) with eyes obstruct. 3. After the exercise program, the balance of double-stance by BPM was significantly reduced of anterior and posterior sway number of right leg by $8.3\%$(P<.05) with eyes obstruct. 4. After the exercise program, the balance of double-stance by BPM was significantly reduced of lateral sway number by $13.2\%$(P<.01) with eyes open. 5. After the exercise program, the balance of double-stance by BPM was significantly reduced of anterior and posterior sway number of left leg by $10.3\%$(P<.05) with eyes open. 6. After the exercise program, the balance of double-stance by BPM was significantly reduced of anterior and posterior sway number of right leg by $10.3\%$(P<.01) with eyes open. As we can see the results of this study, the aqua exercise program improved the static balance of child with mental retardation. Futhermore, it is reasonable program that can improvability of static balance for the children with mental retardation using aqua exercise program. And then it is necessary to develop much better program than now for the children with mental retardation's health and to provide the adequate pool for their aqua exercise.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2018

Objective: This study aimed to analyze how the upright body type exercise program affected body balance and record of archers. This study aimed to prove the effectiveness of upright body type exercise, on this basis, in enhancing the performance of archery players. Method: A total of 14 archers (7 men and 7 women) in B Metropolitan City who had ${\geq}4years$ of career in archery and were given explanation of its contents and purpose before giving spontaneous consent to the experiment were enrolled in the study. The upright body type exercise program was implemented thrice a week for 12 weeks, with higher exercise intensity with time. A resistive pressure sensor, Gaitview AFA-50, was used to measure the foot plantar pressure distribution and analyze quantitative information concerning variation in posture stability and weight shift in dynamic balance of foot plantar pressure in shooting and static balance of plantar pressure with the eyes open and closed and the change in archery record accompanying the change in body balance. Results: As for the differences in foot plantar pressure between before and after participation in the upright body type exercise program, there was no significant difference in static balance of foot plantar pressure with the eyes open, and there was statistically significant difference at the ${\alpha}=.05$ significance level in static balance of foot plantar pressure with the eyes closed or in dynamic balance of foot plantar pressure in shooting. There was statistically significant difference at the ${\alpha}=.05$ significance level in archery record. Conclusion: The upright body type exercise program had positive effects on static and dynamic balance of foot plantar pressure by allowing archers to experience less body sway and physical imbalance in shooting with closed eyes and positive effects on archery record. Thus, the program is expected to help archers correct their posture and perform better.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study examined the comparative effects of an ankle sensorimotor training program combined with hip strengthening exercise (ASTPCHSE) and ankle sensorimotor training program (ASTP) alone on muscle strength, static balance, and dynamic balance in individuals with functional ankle instability. METHODS: Sixteen research participants with functional ankle instability were enrolled in this study. The participants were divided randomly into the ankle sensory motor training program group and the ankle sensory motor training program combined with the hip strengthening exercise group. Each group performed a series of exercise programs two times per week for four weeks. The Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT) was used to measure the participants' functional ankle instability. A Balance trainer 4 was applied to assess the static and dynamic balance, and a Primus RS multimodal dynamometer was used to evaluate the muscle strength. RESULTS: No significant differences in static balance, dynamic balance, and muscle strength were found between the ASTP and ASTPCHSE groups (p > .05). On the other hand, the dynamic balance and muscle strength improved in the ASTP and ASTPCHSE groups after the intervention (p < .05). The static balance was not enhanced in both groups after the intervention (p > .05). CONCLUSION: Ankle exercise and an ankle sensorimotor training program combined with hip strengthening exercise are effective in improving muscle strength and dynamic balance in individuals with ankle instability. On the other hand, there are no meaningful differences between ankle exercise and ankle and hip combined exercise.