• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2022

본 연구에서 우리는 PHM 기반 공조설비의 연쇄 고장 패턴을 학습하여 미세먼지의 상태를 조절할 수 있는 알고리즘을 설계하였다. 공조설비의 고장으로 인한 공조설비 가동중단과 이로 인한 미세먼지의 확산은 불가피하다. 우리가 개발한 알고리즘은 PHM을 통한 미세먼지 관리 체계를 수립하는 것으로써 공조기 정지/가동 패턴학습을 통하여 일정하게 안정화 상태를 유지하고 이를 기반으로 미세먼지를 관리하는 알고리즘이다. 알고리즘의 성능을 평가하기 위해 지하철 역 내에서 시뮬레이션 한 결과, 미세먼지의 농도가 평균 30% 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 지하철 이용 승객이 많은 역의 경우 미세먼지 농도가 환경부 기준(100㎍/m³)을 초과하였지만, 시뮬레이션을 실시한 모든 역에서 미세먼지 농도가 개선되었음을 알 수 있었다. 향후 연구로는 지하철 역사 내의 미세먼지 뿐만아니라 CO₂, CO, NO₂ 등 오염물질을 종합적으로 관리할 수 있도록 시스템을 확장하는 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1430-1438
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• 2012

The present experiment was conducted to determine the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) content, and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy in growing pigs fed diets containing one of ten cottonseed meals (CSM) collected from different provinces of China and to develop in vitro prediction equations for DE and ME content from chemical composition of the CSM samples. Twelve growing barrows with an initial body weight of $35.2{\pm}1.7$ kg were allotted to two $6{\times}6$ Latin square designs, with six barrows and six periods and six diets for each. A corn-dehulled soybean meal diet was used as the basal diet, and the other ten diets were formulated with corn, dehulled soybean meal and 19.20% CSM. The DE, ME and ATTD of gross energy among different CSM sources varied largely and ranged from 1,856 to 2,730 kcal/kg dry matter (DM), 1,778 to 2,534 kcal/kg DM, and 42.08 to 60.47%, respectively. Several chemical parameters were identified to predict the DE and ME values of CSM, and the accuracy of prediction models were also tested. The best fit equations were: DE, kcal/kg DM = 670.14+31.12 CP+659.15 EE with $R^2$ = 0.82, RSD = 172.02, p<0.05; and ME, kcal/kg DM = 843.98+25.03 CP+673.97 EE with $R^2$ = 0.84, RSD = 144.79, p<0.05. These results indicate that DE, ME values and ATTD of gross energy varied substantially among different CSM sources, and that some prediction equations can be applied to predict DE and ME in CSM with an acceptable accuracy.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1433-1441
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• 2015

This study examined changes of rumen fermentation, ruminal bacteria biodiversity and abundance caused by nitrate addition with Ion Torrent sequencing and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Three rumen-fistulated steers were fed diets supplemented with 0%, 1%, and 2% nitrate (dry matter %) in succession. Nitrate supplementation linearly increased total volatile fatty acids and acetate concentration obviously (p = 0.02; p = 0.02; p<0.01), butyrate and isovalerate concentration numerically (p = 0.07). The alpha (p>0.05) and beta biodiversityof ruminal bacteria were not affected by nitrate. Nitrate increased typical efficient cellulolytic bacteria species (Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Ruminococcus ablus, and Fibrobacter succinogenes) (p<0.01; p = 0.06; p = 0.02). Ruminobactr, Sphaerochaeta, CF231, and BF311 genus were increased by 1% nitrate. Campylobacter fetus, Selenomonas ruminantium, and Mannheimia succiniciproducens were core nitrate reducing bacteria in steers and their abundance increased linearly along with nitrate addition level (p<0.01; p = 0.02; p = 0.04). Potential nitrate reducers in the rumen, Campylobacter genus and Cyanobacteria phyla were significantly increased by nitrate (p<0.01; p = 0.01).To the best of our knowledge, this was the first detailed view of changes in ruminal microbiota by nitrate. This finding would provide useful information on nitrate utilization and nitrate reducer exploration in the rumen.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.115-136
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• 2006

국무회의록은 국정 전반의 의사결정 내용을 종합적으로 보여주는 최고위 기록이며, 특히 이승만 시기의 국무회의록은 사안의 중요성과 상대적인 충실성에 있어서 다른 시기에 비해 남다른 가치를 지닌다. 본 연구는 공공기록으로서 국무회의록을 대상으로 연구자는 물론 일반 독자들도 쉽게 역사적 사실에 접근하고 이를 구조적으로 이해할 수 있는 역사컨텐츠 개발을 위한 방법론을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 첫째. 이승만 시기 국무회의록의 내용을 재구성하고 회의 안건들을 위한 DB 설계방법을 제안하였다. 둘째, 안건들을 분석하여 이를 주제사안 분류체계와 연계하고, 각 주제사안별로 부처기록을 연계할 수 있는 방안을 제안하였다. 셋째, 이를 토대로 각 주제사안 별로 역사적 사실을 해석하여 이를 컨텐츠로 개발하는 절차를 제안하였다. 이러한 컨텐츠 방법론은 앞으로 공공기록의 활용범위를 확장하고, 아울러 정치, 경제, 사회 각 영역에 걸친 당대의 정책 사안들을 실증적으로 연구하고 해석할 수 있는 기록정보컨텐츠 개발에 일조할 수 있을 것이다.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.17-41
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• 2021

Kazakhstan's cities experience high concentrations levels of atmospheric particulate matter (PM), which is well-known for its highly detrimental effect on the human health. A further increase in PM concentrations in the future could lead to a higher air pollution-caused morbidity and mortality, causing an increase in healthcare expenditures by the government. However, to prevent elevated PM concentrations in the future, more stringent standards could be implemented by lowering current maximum allowable PM concentration limit to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s limits. Therefore, this study aims to find out what impact this change in environmental policy towards PM has on state economy in the long run. Future PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were estimated using multiple linear regression based on gross regional product (GRP) and population growth parameters. Dose-response model was based on World Health Organization's approach for the identification of mortality, morbidity and healthcare costs due to air pollution. Analysis of concentrations revealed that only 6 out of 21 cities of Kazakhstan did not exceed the EU limit on PM10 concentration. Changing environmental standards resulted in the 71.7% decrease in mortality and 77% decrease in morbidity cases in all cities compared to the case without changes in environmental policy. Moreover, the cost of morbidity and mortality associated with air pollution decreased by $669 million in 2030 and $2183 million in 2050 in case of implementation of OECD standards. Thus, changing environmental regulations will be beneficial in terms of both of mortality reduction and state budget saving.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1142-1147
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• 2011

Lysine intake during gestation has a major impact on subsequent reproductive performance. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of lysine intake from mid-gestation until farrowing on the reproductive performance of multiparous sows. On day 30 of gestation, 200 Landrace${\times}$Large White sows were randomly assigned to one of four groups based on body weight and parity (n = 50). The gestation diets contained 0.46, 0.56, 0.65 or 0.74% lysine. Increasing dietary lysine concentration improved sow body condition at farrowing and increased litter weights (p<0.05). Dietary lysine level also had a significant effect on the dry matter (p<0.05) and protein content (p<0.05) of colostrum. Increased lysine intake increased serum insulin concentration (p<0.05) and there was a trend towards increased serum prolactin content (linear, p = 0.07). However, increased lysine tended to decrease blood urea N (quadratic, p = 0.05). These results suggest that higher lysine levels (0.65-0.75%) than those recommended by the National Research Council improved reproductive performance for multiparous gestating sows and this increase may be partially mediated through blood metabolites or metabolic hormone levels.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.29-35
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• 1999

Quantity and composition of biogas from semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of straw were obtained experimentally in laboratory scale digesters fed with 1 liter of 5% straw-water mixture and maintained at 35$^{\circ}C$. Experiments were carried out for hydraulic retention time(HRT) of 8, 10 and 15days, respectively. The amount and composition of biogas produced were measured until steady-state was achieved for each run. The amount of biogas and methane percent go through a maximum and decrease continuously towards the steady-state after three times operation of hydraulic retention time(HRT). Methane gas production rates at steady-state increase with the increasing of HRT. Biogas production of 0.45 liter/day with 25% methane, 0.42 liter/day with 33.7% methane and 0.492 liter/day with 31.7% methane were obtained for 8, 10 and 15days of HRT, respectively. The high proportion of soluble carbohydrates present in straw makes the volatile fatty acids to build up within the digester causing a drop in pH that inhibits digestion. Regular control of pH is therefore necessary by adding alkalinity. Reductions in COD increase with increase in HRT. The stratification of plant material within the digester is different from that of manure, and modifications in design and operation of digesters may be necessary if they are fed with plant matter.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.11-26
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• 2004

특정한 사건의 발생을 감지하기 위해서 인터넷 상의 문서들을 분석하는 소프트웨어는 매우 유용하다. 특히, 오늘 날과 같이 테러의 위협을 감지하는 것이 결정적으로 중요한 시점에서 이러한 시스템의 필요성은 더욱 크다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 소프트웨어의 중요한 응용분야 가운데 하나는, 자동으로 국가 기반의 위기를 탐지해 주는 시스템일 것이다. 본 논문에서는 위기 경보 시스템을 위한 에이전트 기반의 일반적 아키텍처를 제안하고 구현하였다. NIEWS (National Infrastructure Emergency Warning System)라고 명명된 이 시스템은 주어진 문서를 분석하여, 위협을 감지하고, 가능성 있는 위협들을 필요한 정보와 함께 적절한 사용자에게 자동으로 보고해 주도록 설계되었다. 이와 아울러, 본 연구에서는 방어적 정보전에 관련된 위기를 감지하기 위한 체계적인 분석 틀이 고안되고 지식베이스로 구현되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 시스템과 지식기반은 실제로 구현되고, 미육군 전쟁대학의 전략 시뮬레이션 훈련인 SCE (Strategic Crisis Exercise)에 설치되어 활용 되었으며, 여기서 SCE에 필요한 고비용의 분야별 전문가 (SME: subject matter expert)들을 대체 함으로써 많은 비용을 절감할 수 있었다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2009

The purposes of this study were to determine the actual state of the indoor air quality by measuring TVOC Concentration and surveying residents' responses in a newly built university dormitory and to analyze the influencing factors of IAQ. Field measurements on the concentrations of TVOC and HCHO were carried out three times at 4 week intervals in 3 rooms of a dormitory. A questionnaire survey was conducted on residents which inquired into the resident's lifestyle, their consciousness of IAQ, and the responses to SHS. According to the results, TVOC concentrations were 0.14~18.5 ppm and HCHO concentrations were 0.23~6.89 ppm during the 3 months following the completion of construction, showing a serious state in which standard levels are exceeded, though these levels seemed to decrease over time. The factors influencing the differences in the levels of TVOC and HCHO were the ventilation volume including infiltration, the heating temperature, relative humidity, or the use of living matter that include chemical ingredients. However, the residents rarely felt the symptoms of SHS and were not conscious of the importance of ventilation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.737-748
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• 2010

Glutaminase production in Zygosaccharomyces rouxii by solid-state fermentation (SSF) is detailed. Substrates screening showed best results with oatmeal (OM) and wheatbran (WB). Furthermore, a 1:1 combination of OM:WB gave 0.614 units/gds with artificial sea water as a moistening agent. Evaluation of additional carbon, nitrogen, amino acids, and minerals supplementation was done. A central composite design was employed to investigate the effects of four variables (viz., moisture content, glucose, corn steep liquor, and glutamine) on production. A 4-fold increase in enzyme production was obtained. Studies were undertaken to analyze the time-course model, the microbial growth, and nutrient utilization during SSF. A logistic equation ($R^2$=0.8973), describing the growth model of Z. rouxii, was obtained with maximum values of ${\mu}_m$ and $X_m$ at $0.326h^{-1}$ and 7.35% of dry matter weight loss, respectively. A goodfit model to describe utilization of total carbohydrate ($R^2$=0.9906) and nitrogen concentration ($R^2$=0.9869) with time was obtained. The model was used successfully to predict enzyme production ($R^2$=0.7950).