• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2010

Since emission regulations for vehicles have become more stringent, SCR technology has drawn a strong attention in order to reduce NOx emissions. Optimal design of a reductant injection nozzle and a multi-hole plate located between the cone and catalyst is critical in that the uniform distribution of reductant is necessary to maximize the NOx conversion efficiency and minimize the slip of reductant in SCR. In this work, an LPG fuel(C3H8 in vapor state) was used as a reductant for LPG vehicles. A Realizable k-$\varepsilon$ model is used for turbulence, and SCR body is defined as porous media with inertia and viscous resistances measured in this work. Effect of the number of nozzle holes on the flow mixing index was analyzed, which revealed that a four hole nozzle shows the best performance in terms of uniformity of flow. An installment of a multi-hole plate at the entrance of catalyst was evaluated with flow mixing index, uniformity of flow, and pressure drop. A multi-hole plate with gradual hole diameter change in three steps showed the best uniformity of flow within the conditions suggested in this work.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2000

In general. service life of the sea-shore concrete structures is largely influenced by the corrosion of reinforcing steel due to the chloride contamination, and the penetration of chloride ions into concrete is governed by concrete condition state as a micro-structure. In this study, characteristics of chloride diffusion in concrete are analyzed in accordance with the mixing properties and durability of concrete, by considering the facts that micro-structure of concrete varies with the mixing properties and can indirectly be analyzed by using the durability test. In order to predict the service life of existing concrete structures, chloride diffusion equation for the concrete structures under various service conditions and the major parameters used in that equation are formulated as the mathematical models. Based on the results of chloride diffusion analysis in accordance with the mixing properties and durability of concrete and mathematical models formulated in this study, a prediction system is developed to predict the corrosion initiation of reinforcing steel in the sea-shore concrete structures.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2006년 제4회 한국유체공학학술대회 논문집
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• pp.471-474
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• 2006

The Mixer is apparatus that help precipitation or an inhomogeneous distribution of various phases to be mixed and that user makes necessary material mixing one or the other. Mainly the mixer which is used from chemical and food industry is very important system in engineering that mixes the material. The inside flow of the mixer under the actual states which put a basis in flow of the fluid is formed rotation of the impeller. The inside flow of impeller will be caused by various reasons change with shape of impeller, number of rotation, mixing material and flow pattern of free surface etc. Also mixer study depended in single-phase flow and experimental research. So the numerical analysis of flow mixing solid-fluid particle is simulated. It is become known, that the case where agitator inside working fluid includes the solid particle the sinkage reverse which the solid particle has decreases an agitation efficiency. From the research which it sees the hazard solid which examines the effect where the change of the sinkage territory which it follows agitation number of revolution and diameter of the particle goes mad to an agitator inside flow distribution - numerical analysis the inside flow distribution of liquid state with Eulerian Two-Phase Method.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.18-27
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• 2019

비정상 난류모델 (URANS)를 이용하여 가열된 이중제트의 유동혼합 특성에 대한 수치해석이 수행되었다. 압축성유동에서 난류확산이 크게 나타났고 비압축성 유동의 열확산이 압축성유동의 열확산 보다 크게 얻어졌다. 주파수와 위상궤적을 분석한 결과, 제트간격이 증가함에 따라 주기상태와 준주기상태가 관찰되었다. 제트간격이 클 경우 비정상유동구조가 제트유동 혼합의 특징을 결정하기 때문에 융합점과 결합점의 선형적 변화가 다르게 나타나는 것으로 관찰되었다.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.288-301
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• 1995

적도 태평양 클라리온-클리퍼톤 균열대 사이의 한국심해 연구(KODOS)지역에서 채 취된 3개의 퇴적물 코아에 우라늄계열 비평형 기법을 적용하여 퇴적율과 입자교란율이 추정되었다. 과잉 토륨-230 방사능과 과잉 토륨-230/토륨-232 방사능비의 수직분포로 부터 추정된 퇴적율은 연구지역의 남동부 지역에서 천년 동안 수 밀리미터로 추정되었 으며, 북서부에서는 천년당 일 밀리미터 이하로 추정되었다. 퇴적물 시료의 방수에서 과잉 토륨-230 방사능과 과잉 토륨-230/토륨-232 방사능비가 일정한 수직분포를 보이 며 이는 저서생물등에 의한 입자 교란작용의 영향인 것으로 사료된다. 과잉 납-210의 수직농도 분포를 근거로 퇴적물 상부층과 하부층의 입자교란 속도를 추정하기 위하여 "2상자" 이류-확산 입자혼합 모델을 이용하였다. 입자혼합계수는 상부층에서는 수 10$cm^2$/y이며 하부층에서는 일 내지 수 $cm^2$/y로 추정되었다./y로 추정되었다.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.92-97
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• 2008

일반적으로 해수가 강으로 침입하거나 담수가 해양으로 유입을 하면 두 유체간의 밀도차에 의한 밀도류의 성질을 가진다. 하지만, 염분과 온도가 동시에 밀도의 차를 결정하는 경우, 특히 이 중 하나가 중력과 불안정한 수직 분포를 갖게되면 이중확산이 혼합을 결정하는 중요한 요인이 된다. 본 연구에서는 고온, 고염의 수괴가 저온, 저염의 수괴로 진입할 때 기계적 혼합과 이중확산에 의한 대류가 혼합에 미치는 상대적 영향을 비교 연구하였다. 실험실에서 차갑고 염도가 없는 주 흐름에 온도가 높고 염분이 높은 밀도류를 조심스럽게 방류시켜 정상상태의 염수침입 형태를 유지하였다. 수평방향으로 따라 밀도율(Turner 1979)이 15정도 되면 온도와 염분의 유출입량비율이 가파르게 변화하였고, 전체적으로 방출구 부분에서 이중확산의 영향이 강하게 나타나게 되며 이 경우에는 총 방출량도 함께 증가하였다. 아울러 밀도율이 낮은 경우 밀도율이 높은 경우에 비해서 약 $6{\times}10$배의 높은 혼합율을 보였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.1747-1753
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 최대 공비점 압력을 가지는 에탄올과 벤젠 이성분계 혼합물의 기액 상평형 추산을 위하여 상태방정식 모델식과 액체활동도계수 모델식 사이의 비교 연구를 수행하였다. 상태방정식 모델식으로는 Peng-Robinson (PR) 상태방정식을 이용하였으며, Panagiotopoulos 혼합규칙(PRP)을 적용하였다. 한편, 액체 활동도계수 모델식으로는 Renon이 제안한 NRTL 액체 활동도계수 모델식을 이용하였다. PRP 모델식은 2개의 매개변수를 가짐에도 불구하고 3개의 매개변수를 가지는 NRTL 모델식에 비하여 에탄올-벤젠 이성분계에 대해서 저압 영역에서는 유사한 정확성을 고압 영역에서는 좀 더 정확성이 우수함을 확인하였다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.228-232
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• 2002

This study focused on the production of high quality compost for the growth of aero-thermophilic fungi, which has a promoting effect on the growth rate and production of oyster mushrooms. The automated solid-state bioreactor system was designed on the basis of a Three-Phase-One system, which controls the serial steps of prewetting, pasteurization and fermentation processes. High numbers of thermophilic fungi and bacteria were recovered from the mushroom composts prepared by this solid-state bioreactor. The rates of composting process were depended on physical as well as chemical factors. Among these factors, the parameters of moisture content and temperature were found to be particularly important. In our automated system, constant levels of moisture content, temperature and ventilation via mixing were provided by a centralized control apparatus including PLC, water tank and water jacket systems. These features induced higher microbiological activity of aero-thermophiles.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2008

Anaerobic co-digestion of swine manure and food waste for biogas production was performed in serum bottles at 2% volatile solids(VS) concentration and various mixing ratios of two substrates(swine manure: food waste = 100 : 0 $\sim$ 0 : 100). Through kinetic mode of surface methodology, the methane production was fitted to a Gompertz equation. The specific methane production potential of swine manure alone was lower than that of food waste. However, maximum methane production potential increased up to 1.09-1.22% as food waste composition increased up to the 80%. The maximum methane production value of food waste was 544.52 mL/g VS. It was observed that the maximum methane production potential of 601.86 mL/g VS was found at the mixing ratio of 40:60.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2002년도 학술.기술논문발표회
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• pp.67-76
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• 2002

Self-leveling material(SLM) is one of the floor finishing materials which make flat surface like as water level by itself in a short time. So it is possible to increase construction speed and enhance economical efficiency. In this study, author intended to develop SLM for the industrial warehouse and factory loading heavy weight machinery and vehicles. The demanded properties for this type of SLM are above 20mm of flow value and above 300kgf/cm2 of 28-days compressive strength. To possess demended strength and fluidity, SLM have to be composed of many types of binders and chemical additives. So it is difficult to decide suitable mixing proportion of composition materials. In this study, author investigated the weight percentage effect of main composition materials for high-strength self-leveling material, by experimental design such as tables of orthogonal arrays and simplex design, and by statistical analysis such as analysis of variance and analysis of response surface. Variables of experiments were ordinary portland cement(OPC), alumina cement(AC), anhydrous gypsum(AG), lime stone(LS) and sand, and properties of tests were fluidity of fresh state and strength of hardened state. Results of this study are showed that suitable mix proportions of binders for the high strength self-leveling materials are two groups. One is 78~85.5% OPC, 7.5~9.5% AC, 9~12.5% AG and the other is 72.5~78% OPC, 9~12.5% AC, 13~l5% AG.