• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2021

Most existing studies on the wide-area differential global positioning system (WADGPS) used standard positioning service (SPS) receivers in their observation reference stations which provide the central control station global positioning system (GPS) measurements to generate augmentation data. In the present study, it is considered to apply a precise positioning service (PPS) receiver to an observation reference station which is located in the threatened jamming area. Therefore, the reference station network consists of a PPS receiver based observation reference station and SPS receiver based observation reference stations. In this case, to maintain correction performance P1C1 differential code bias (DCB) should be compensated. In this paper, P1C1 DCB estimation algorithm was applied to the PPS/WADGPS system and performance test results using measurements in the Korean Peninsula were presented.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2023

Wide-Area Differential Global Positioning System (WADGPS) is a system that operates a number of reference stations to provide correction information to improve the accuracy of GPS users, and it is available to service users within the area where the wide-area reference stations are installed. Recently, as positioning information has been used in various applications, the need for WADGPS for precise navigation in long-distance spaced areas where the wide-area reference stations cannot be installed has been raised. This paper tested the user navigation performance outside the wide-area reference stations of the WADGPS system, which serves both GPS Precise Positioning Service (PPS) and Standard Positioning Service (SPS) users. Static and dynamic tests were conducted using vehicles, and as a result, position accuracy improvement through WADGPS was confirmed even at points hundreds of kilometers outside the network area of the wide-area reference stations. Through this, the performance of the PPS/SPS correction system and the possibility of expanding the service area were confirmed.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.349-358
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• 2023

The Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS) plays a significant role in the fields of aviation and navigation: it corrects signal errors of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and provides integrity information to facilitate precise positioning. These SBAS systems have been adopted as international standards by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). In recent SBAS system design, the Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) defined by the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) must be followed. In October 2014, South Korea embarked on the development of a Korean GPS precision position correction system, referred to as Korea Augmentation Satellite System (KASS). The goal is to achieve APV-1 Standard of Service Level (SoL) service level and acquisition of CAT-1 test operating technology. The first satellite of KASS, KASS Prototype 1, was successfully launched from the Guiana Space Centre in South America on June 23, 2020. In December 2022 and June 2023, the first and second service signals of KASS were broadcasted, and full-scale KASS correction signal broadcasting is scheduled to start at the end of 2023. The aim of this study is to analyze the precision of both the GNSS system and KASS system by comparing them. KASS is also compared with Japan's Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System (MSAS), which is available in Korea. The final objective of this work is to validate the usefulness of KASS correction navigation in the South Korean operational environment.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2023

전 세계에서 보편 일률적으로 사용되는 실외 측위 기술인 GPS와 달리, 실내 측위 기술분야는 아직 다양한 기술이 난립하고 있다. 정확한 실내 위치 정보를 획득하기 위해 대표적인 실내 측위 기술의 표준이 필요한 실정이다. 최근 실내 측위 기술이 고정밀 위치 데이터를 기반으로 한 RTLS(Real Time Location Service) 영역으로 확대되고 있다. 이에 따라 새로운 방식의 실내 측위 기술들이 제안되고 있는데, 인공지능의 발전에 힘입어 스마트폰의 무선 신호 데이터를 사용하는 인공지능 기반의 실내 측위 기술이 빠르게 발전하고 있다. 이때 인공지능 학습에 필요한 데이터를 수집하는 과정에서, 왜곡되거나 학습에 부적합한 데이터가 포함되어 실내 측위 정확도가 낮아지는 결과가 발생하기도 한다. 본 연구에서는 수집된 데이터의 정제 과정을 통해 향상된 실내 위치 확인 결과를 얻기 위한 인공지능학습용 데이터 전처리 기술을 제안한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제8권9호
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• pp.818-826
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• 2002

Since multipath phenomenon frequently occurs when a Global Positioning System receiver is placed in urban area crowded with large buildings, efficient mitigation of multipath effects is necessary to resolve. In this paper, we propose a new multipath detection technique that is useful in real-time positioning with a general Global Positioning System receiver. The proposed technique is based on a channelwise multipath test statistic that efficiently indicates the degree of fluctuations induced by multipath error. The proposed multipath test statistic is operationally advantageous because it does not require any specialized hardware nor any pre-computation of receiver position, it is directly related to standard $\chi$$^2$-distributions, and it can adjust the detection resolution by increasing the number of successive measurements. Simulation and experiment results verify the performance of the proposed multipath detection technique.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2024

Galileo is a European Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) that has offered the Galileo Open Service since 2016. Consequently, the standardization of GNSS augmentation systems, such as Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS), Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS), and Aircraft Based Augmentation System (ABAS) for Galileo signals, is ongoing. In 2023, the European Union Space Programme Agency (EUSPA) released prior probabilities of a satellite fault and a constellation fault for Galileo, which are 3×10^-5 and 2×10^-4 per hour, respectively. In particular, the prior probability of a Galileo constellation fault is significantly higher than that for the GPS constellation fault, which is defined as 1×10^-8 per hour. This raised concerns about its potential impact on GBAS integrity monitoring. According to the Global Positioning System (GPS) Standard Positioning Service Performance Standard (SPS PS), a constellation fault is classified as a wide fault. A wide fault refers to a fault that affects more than two satellites due to a common cause. Such a fault can be caused by a failure in the Earth Orientation Parameter (EOP). The EOP is used when transforming the inertial axis, on which the orbit determination is based, to Earth Centered Earth Fixed (ECEF) axis, accounting for the irregularities in the rotation of the Earth. Therefore, a faulty EOP can introduce errors when computing a satellite position with respect to the ECEF axis. In GNSS, the ephemeris parameters are estimated based on the positions of satellites and are transmitted to navigation satellites. Subsequently, these ephemeris parameters are broadcasted via the navigation message to users. Therefore, a faulty EOP results in erroneous broadcast ephemeris data. In this paper, we assess the conventional ephemeris fault detection monitor currently employed in GBAS for wide faults, as current GBAS considers only single failure cases. In addition to the existing requirements defined in the standards on the Probability of Missed Detection (PMD), we derive a new PMD requirement tailored for a wide fault. The compliance of the current ephemeris monitor to the derived requirement is evaluated through a simulation. Our findings confirm that the conventional monitor meets the requirement even for wide fault scenarios.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.87-90
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• 2004

Telematics is an emerging industrial field made up of the convergence of technologies. The key technologies for Telematics are server-side technology, terminal-side technology, communication-related technology, and positioning technology. Standardization in Telematics is now getting more notice these days. Domestic situation is explained for several related facilities such as ETRI, TTA, and Telematics Standardization Forum. In this paper, we will focus especially on the standard reference model that is the most fundamental framework of Telematics technology standardization. In the reference model, the Telematics system is composed of Telematics client part, communication part, and Telematics server part. The Telematics client part consists of terminal, positioning device, and car electronic devices. Communication part can be composed of various telecommunication channels such as CDMA, WLAN, DMB, WiBro, etc. which can guarantee the seamless two-way communication. Telematics server part is composed of TSP(Telematics Service Provider) server and CP(Contents Provider) servers gathering and managing the various Telematics services. This Telematics reference model is expected to be utilized as the base architecture in developing the technology and standards from now on.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2623-2626
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• 2003

GPS provides two services which include SPS(Standard Positioning Service) and PPS(Precise Positioning Service). While SPS users can navigate in more precise due to cancellation of SA(Selective Availability), SPS users has still less precision navigation than PPS users. L1/L2CS integrated receiver can provide more precise navigation to SPS users because the delay of Ionosphere will be cancelled by using two frequencies (L1 and L2). This paper designs an integrated L1/L2CS digital correlator to prepare the L2C signal that will be provided in 2003. Also L2CS transmitter is designed to confirm L2CS correlator.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2011

본 논문은 안전 서비스를 제공하는 Global Positioning System(GPS) 보호 비(Ratio of Interference to Noise: I/N) 도출을 위해 Ultra Wide Band(UWB)로부터 GPS 간섭 영향을 분석하였다. GPS 측위 오차 2.5 m 이하를 만족하기 위한 UWB 송신기와 GPS 수신기 사이의 최소 보호 거리를 산출하였고, 최소 결합 손실 방법(Minimum Coupling Loss: MCL)을 이용하여 측위 오차를 만족하는 UWB 송신기와 GPS 수신기 사이의 보호 거리 값에 근거하여 GPS 시스템의 보호비(I/N)를 도출하였다. 그 결과, 측위 오차 2.5 m 이하를 만족하기 위한 GPS 보호 거리는 10 m 이상으로 계산되었고, 이를 만족하기 위한 GPS 보호비(I/N)는 -20 dB 이하로 도출되었다. 제안된 GPS 시스템 보호비는 국제전기통신연합(ITU-R)에서 제안한 GPS 시스템 중 안전 서비스에 해당하는 보호비(I/N)를 만족시킴을 확인하였다. 또한, 본 논문을 통해 얻어진 GPS 보호 비의 결과는 안정적인 국내 GPS 시스템 운용을 위한 기준으로 이용될 수 있다.