• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.56-65
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• 2024

Fuel cell powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are globally being developed for various application according to hydrogen roadmap. However, safety standards for hydrogen fuel cell for UAV have not been established. Therefore, in this study, we derive safety data based on risk assessment to develop safety standards for fuel cells for UAV. We use fault tree analysis method which is broadly used in hydrogen facilities as a risk assessment tool. We set hydrogen leaks and fires as top events and derived the basic events. Safety data for the basic events were derived by quoting overseas safety standards related to fuel cells. The safety data will be used for developing fuel cell inspection standard according to Act on Hydrogen Economy Promotion and Hydrogen Safety Management.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.467-477
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• 2009

Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) is a regulatory policy that requires the generation companies to increase the proportion of renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, LFG, fuel cell, and small hydro. Recently, Korean government decided to increase the portion of renewable energy to 3% to total electricity generation by 2012 from the current level of 0.13%. To achieve this goal, an innovative plan for market competitiveness would be required in addition to the present Feed-In-Tariff (FIT). That is Korean government has taken it into consideration to introduce a Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) as an alternative to FIT. This paper reviews the impact of RPS on the long-term fuel mix in 2020. The studies have been carried out with the GATE-PRO (Generation And Transmission Expansion PROgram) program, a mixed-integer non-linear program developed by Hongik university and Korea Energy Economics Institute. Detailed studies on long-term fuel mix in Korea have been carried out with four RPS scenarios of 3%, 5%, 10% and 20%. The important findings and comments on the results are given to provide an insight on future regulatory policies.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2011

The air pollutants from vehicle exhaust gas are affected by many factors including fuel qualities, engine and vehicle technologies, driving patterns. In particular, fuel qualities and after-treatment devices could directly affect the emission level of pollutants. The pollutant reduction characteristics that caused by enforced fuel quality standard were analyzed. Three types of test fuel were selected in accordance with Korean automotive fuel standard in 2006, 2009, 2012 and used for vehicle emission test in chassis dynamometer. European COPERT correction equation of fuel impact was considered as reference information to quantify the vehicle emission test results. The contribution rates of exhaust emission by COPERT correction equation showed that aromatic compounds and oxygen contents in gasoline fuel was most important. In case of diesel fuel, cetane index and polycyclic aromatic compounds accounted for the greater part. The exhaust emission effects by COPERT correction equation revealed that CO and VOC was increased 0.86%, 1.57% respectively in after 2009 gasoline when compared to before 2009 gasoline fuel. In case of light-duty diesel vehicle CO, VOC and PM were decreased in range of 3~7%. The result from this study could be provided for developing future fuel standards and be used to fundamental information for Korean clean air act.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1998년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(1)
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• pp.52-57
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• 1998

In this paper, we performed a design study of a thorium fueled reactor according to the design concept of the Radkowsky Thorium Reactor (RTR) and evaluated its overall performance. To enhance its performance and alleviate its problems, we introduced a new metallic uranium fuel, uranium-zirconium hydride (U-Zr $H_{1.6}$), as a seed fuel. For comparison, typical ABB/CE-type PWR based on SYSTBM 80+ and standard RTR-type thorium reactor were also studied. From the results of performance analysis, we could ascertain advantages of RTR-type thorium fueled reactor in proliferation resistance, fuel cycle economics, and back-end fuel cycle. Also, we found that enhancement of proliferation resistance and safer operating conditions may be achieved by using the U-Zr $H_{l.6}$ fuel in the seed region without additional penalties in comparison with the standard RTR's U-Zr fuelr fuelel

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.173-179
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• 1998

The corrosion behavior of KOFA cladding which is a standard Zircaloy-4 manufactured by Westinghouse Specialty Metal Plant according to the Siemens/KWU's HCW (Highly Cold Worked) standard Zircaloy-4 specification was analyzed using the oxide measurement data of KOFA fuel irradiated in Kori-2 nuclear power plant. Analysis of the measured KOFA cladding oxidation showed that oxidation of KOFA cladding was lower than the design prediction based upon Siemens/KWU's HCW standard Zircaloy-4 cladding. Although the measured fuel rods have relatively low burnup and oxidation and the amount of the measured data are small, analysis of manufacturing and in-reactor operation conditions of KOFA cladding indicates that the differences in the manufacturing processes and chemical composition of the Siemens/KWU's HCW (Highly Cold Worked) standard Zircaloy-4 and KOFA cladding may have somewhat contributed to lower corrosion of KOFA cladding than the expected.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.281-286
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• 2021

국제해사기구는 최근의 황함유량 규제강화에 따라 선상의 배출가스 오염문제를 최근 선제적 대응방침을 제시하고 있다. 물론, 연료유 품질향상 및 배출가스 저감에 대한 논의 또한 지속적으로 진행되고 있는 상황이다. 국제적으로 가장 큰 관심사 중 하나인 연료유 품질정보는 황 함유량 기준이 현행 3.5%에서 2020년까지 0.5%로 한층 더 강화된 규정을 적용하게 되면서 그 관심이 증가되고 있다. 선사 및 수급자 측면에서 고려해보면, 연료유의 기본품질은 국내외적인 연료유 정보, 기본성상, 실선 및 함정의 적용을 위한 특성간의 상관성 정보까지 확대된 개념이라고 볼 수 있다. 이와 관련하여, 본 논문에서는 ISO 8217에 의한 기본 연료유 품질분석 결과를 제시하고, 연료의 점화성, 분산성, 기타특성에 대해서 분석하였다. 또한, 선박용 연료유 샘플과 희석율에 따라 점화성, 분산성을 분석하였고, 군용 연료유의 기본품질을 인용자료와 실험실 내 산출값 내에서 확인하고자 하였다. 물론, 현재의 연료유의 기본품질에 대한 규격이 일반적으로 통용되고 있으나, 연료유의 성상과 조성이 매우 복잡한 상황이다. 즉, 그 기본품질에 대한 해석이 매우 어려운 것은 기본규격의 범위를 벗어나는 사례가 다수 존재하고 있기 때문이다. 연료유의 기본품질과 선박에서의 운항최적화, 군용연료에서의 연료효율이라는 측면에서 연료유의 기본품질에 대해서 다양한 인자분석은 매우 핵심이라고 판단하고, 희석에 따른 그 기준의 적용 범위에 대해서 가능성을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.824-835
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• 2016

2015년 기준 자동차 등록대수는 약 2,100만대를 넘어 1가구당 1.07대를 보유하고 있는 실정이나[1], 국내 자동차용 표준연료에 대한 기준은 부재한 상황이다. 자동차용 표준연료(reference fuel)는 차량의 연비와 배출가스를 인증하거나 새로운 자동차를 개발할 때 차량의 성능 등을 평가하기 위해 사용하는 연료를 의미한다. 현재 국내에는 차량의 배출가스, 성능, 연비시험 등을 위해 유통연료를 사용하고 있으며, 유통연료는 석유 및 석유대체연료사업법과 대기환경보전법 상의 품질기준을 만족하지만 각 제조사의 원료와 공정 등에 따라 연료의 물성차이가 있어 차량 시험 시 편차가 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 유통되는 휘발유 품질모니터링 분석결과를 바탕으로 표준연료 기준(안)을 설정하고, GDI와 MPI 연료 분사 방식의 차량에 적용하여 비교 평가한 결과, 실제 유통연료를 사용했을 때 최대 3.8%까지 발생하는 연비차이가 1.1%까지 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.223-233
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• 2020

Fast pyrolysis is one of the most promising technologies for converting biomass to liquid fuels. Pyrolysis bio-oil can replace petroleum-based fuels used in various thermal conversion devices. However, pyrolysis bio-oil is completely different from petroleum fuels. Therefore, in order to successfully use pyrolysis bio-oil, it is necessary to understand the fuel characteristics of pyrolysis bio-oil. This paper focuses on fuel characteristics and upgrading methods of pyrolysis bio-oil and discusses how these fuel characteristics can be applied to the use of pyrolysis bio-oils. In addition, the fuel quality standards of fast pyrolysis bio-oil were examined.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.284-292
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• 2022

Hydrogen is promising a candidate for energy supporting the carbon neutrality policy for greenhouse gas reduction, which is being promoted in several countries, including Korea. Although challenging efforts-such as lowering the costs of green hydrogen production and fuel cells-remain, hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are expected to play a significant role in the energy transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy. In line with this objective, the hydrogen FCEV working group in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) compiled and revised international standards related to hydrogen refueling stations as of 2019. A well-established hydrogen quality management system based on the standard documents will increase the reliability of hydrogen charging stations and accelerate the use of FCEVs. In this study, among the published ISO standards and other references, the main requirements for managing charging stations and developing related techniques were summarized and explained. To respond preemptively to the growing FCEV market, a continuous hydrogen quality monitoring method suitable for use at hydrogen charging stations was proposed.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.712-720
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• 2017

As Korean government has activated the renewable portfolio standard (RPS) since 2012, producers have been seeking and using the various renewable resources to meet the RPS quota. One of these efforts, Power Bio-Fuel oil demonstration project is being conducted to check the operability and compatibility with fossil fuel, Fuel oil (B-C) from 2014. The oil is a mixture of vegetable oil and animal fat or fatty acid ester of them and should satisfy some specification to use the power generation. The oil's quality and combustion characteristics are different from conventional oil, Fuel oil (B-C) in current power plant facility. In this study, it was investigated the storage stability and malodor intensity of Bio-Fuel oil.