• Journal of Information Management
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.35-56
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• 1996

SGML(Standard Generalized Markup Language) and its application to full-text database including a table, a figure and a picture are explained. A structure of SGML based full-text database Is defined by DTD(document type definition) written in SGML, and full-text itself is described with generalized markup depending on DTD. This article explains how to represent a document structure : a hierarchical structure like a chapter, a section, or a paragraph, or non-hierarchical(referencial) structure like a note, a table, a figure or a picture. Merits of SGML, electronic publishing, a retrieval system or hypertext and SGML tools are also described.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.44-54
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• 1999

A description of SGML(Standard Generalized Markup Language) is given together with a detailed description of WIPO Standard ST.32. The benefits of the use of SGML are highlighted-its system Independence and flexibility in building publication systems and full-text databases. A structure of WIPO Standard ST,32 based patent content is defined by DTD(document type definition) written in ST.32, and full-text itself is described with generalized markup depending on DTD. This article explains how to represent a document structure : a hierarchy structure like a entire document, a specific, sub-document, a paragraph, or non-hirarchy structure like a table drawings, or chemical structures. Merits of SGML In patent document processing are also discussed.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.355-363
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• 2014

Objective:The purpose of this study is to design a three-set type (Sebulsik) keyboard that is to input Korean text with no shifted keys and also compatible with the standard Korean computer keyboard or ANSI keyboard. Background: The KS computer keyboard is two-set type (Dubulsik). Existing and proposed designs of three-set type of past studies are not compatible with KS or ANSI keyboard and are complex with many redundant letters. Method: The number of Korean letters for 3-set type is analyzed. Then Korean letters are arranged with normality and with spatial compatibility to the KS Korean keyboard, and symbols were arranged to same positions with ANSI keyboard. Results: Initial consonants of 14 numbers and 6 vowels are arranged as exactly same positions of KS keyboard, and other vowels are arranged with spatial compatibility. Symbols are arranged to the same positions with ANSI keyboard, and 10 digits are confirmed and has compatibility to International standard. Conclusion: A 38-key model, 38K, is designed to require minimal keys to input Korean text with no shifted keys, increased the compatibility to the KS Korean computer keyboard. Application: Using the proposed 38-key model, 38K, it can be taken into account for keyboards in industrial production. It is applicable to user group of 3-set type Korean keyboard with more easy than past keyboards.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2015

PURPOSE: People with physical disabilities such as cerebral palsy usually experience obstacles when interacting with computer through conventional keyboard because of their motor disabilities. The purpose of this study is empirically compare of text entry(alphabet and word) speed and accuracy using the three different keyboard type on four students(male 2 and female 2) with cerebral palsy. METHODS: This research design used a replicated single-case experimental approach to compare the individual performance. An alternating treatments design was used to examine the effectiveness of standard QWERTY keyboard and alternative keyboard(mini and big keyboard) on computer access for students with cerebral palsy. To avoid changes in posture that influence a keyboard character entry training and evaluation was carried out using his sitting in a wheelchair. Compass software program used in this study as an assessment tool to measure speed and accuracy when performance of text entry(alphabet and word). This was repeated until the stable status of reaction time. RESULTS: As a result, the alternative keyboard seems to be the most effective device for students with cerebral palsy to perform text entry. But various factors such as peculiarity of motor disabilities, experience and preferences of the user are heavily related. CONCLUSION: Thus, we must perform the objective and systematic assessment for computer access and if sustained training is accomplished, it could to improve speed and accuracy of text entry(alphabet and word).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.27-32
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• 2006

The emerging standards since 1990's can be classified as 'system standards' (process-oriented standards) and they specify the process of an enterprise and also apply to almost all industries regardless of size, type and products. Notice that the conventional specification-oriented standards present relatively clear criteria even though the structure, performance, and terminology are defined in text-based form. However, the system standards dealing with the processes do not present a coherent guide. Therefore, it is difficult to analyze them with the same viewpoint, thereby resulting in differences in the level of understanding. This study is aimed at graphically modeling the system standards originally described in text-based form. The study has been carried out in the framework of the PMTE (Process, Methods, Tools, and Environment) paradigm. The system standard targeted here is ISO/IEC 15288. Firstly, review of the literature on the systems engineering (SE) standard/process and on the graphic model IDEF0 was done, respectively, for the parts of 'E' and 'M'. Then the SE process of the MIL-STD 499B was applied to ISO/IEC 15288 as 'P'. Finally, the graphical model was generated by AI0Wins as 'T'. As a result, the graphical model-based approach can complement the drawbacks of the text-based form.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.1167-1171
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• 1993

A highly efficient hydropneumatic water supply system type BGY is designed and built in accordance with ISO standard. The technical features of BYG type pump unit can be summarized as follows: - reduce hydropneumatic tank capacity at the ratio of 1/10 - 1/30 compared with conventional method. - ISO standard pumps can be used. - the development of highly efficient water supply system type BYG is based on long-term experiences with the proven constant pressure water supply technique which minimize pressure fluctuation, rapid pilsation, etc. The text contains the operation principle of BYG type water supply system, introduction of closed cycle control process focused on Mini PC and experimental results of type BYG-IVS-90x45.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to compare disfluencies and speech rates (overall speech rate and articulation rate) of normal adult speakers who use the standard Korean according to dissimilar speech tasks (story-telling and text-reading). Participants were 100 Korean adult speakers. The results are summarized as follows: First, the most frequent type of disfluency in the story-telling task was 'interjection', whereas that in the text-reading task was 'revision'. Second, the overall speech rates (syllables per second and syllables per minute) showed significant differences depending on the speech tasks. Third, the articulation rates (syllables per second and syllables per minute) showed significant differences depending on the speech tasks.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2002

This paper describes a converting algorithm between programmable languages of a software PLU. It is based on IEC 61131-3 standard and PC. The proposed control logic is designed by the software model and common element with data type, variables, POUs(program organization unit) and execution control unit commonly used within programmable languages of IEC 61131-3 Standard. The generation method of object file is proposed on five programmable language based on IEC 61131-3. It is represented as fo11ows; 1) the generation method using conversion algorithm from LD to IL with FBD(function block diagram), 2) the generation method using f code generation algorithm from SFC using the SFC execution sequence with FBD and ST(structured text). The proposed control logic generator was implemented by Visual C++ 6.0 and MFC on MS-windows NT 4.0.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.287-309
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• 2015

FormWorks-Plus is a generalized public domain user-friendly preprocessor developed to facilitate the process of creating finite element models for structural analysis programs. The lack of a graphical user interface in most academic analysis programs forces users to input the structural model information into the standard text files, which is a time-consuming and error-prone process. FormWorks-Plus enables engineers to conveniently set up the finite element model in a graphical environment, eliminating the problems associated with conventional input text files and improving the user's perception of the application. In this paper, a brief overview of the FormWorks-Plus structure is presented, followed by a detailed explanation of the main features of the program. In addition, demonstration is made of the application of FormWorks-Plus in combination with VecTor programs, advanced nonlinear analysis tools for reinforced concrete structures. Finally, aspects relating to the modelling and analysis of three case studies are discussed: a reinforced concrete beam-column joint, a steel-concrete composite shear wall, and a SFRC shear panel. The unique mixed-type frame-membrane modelling procedure implemented in FormWorks-Plus can address the limitations associated with most frame type analyses.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.55-68
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• 2000

Joint photographic experts group (JPEG) is a standard still-image compression technique, established by the international organization for standardization (ISO) and international telecommunication standardization sector (ITUT). The standard is intended to be utilized in the various kinds of color still imaging systems as a standard color image coding format. Because JPEG is a lossy compression, the decompressed image pixel values are not the same as the value before compression. Various distortions of JPEG compression and JPEG recompression has been reported in various papers. The Image compressed by JPEG is often recompressed by same type compression method in JPEG. In general, JPEG is a lossy compression and the quality of compressed image is predicted that is varied in according to recompression Q-factor. In this paper, four difference color samples(photo image, gradient image, gradient image, vector drawing image, text image) were compressed in according to various Q-factor, and then the compressed images were recompressed according to various Q-factor once again. As the result, this paper evaluate the variation of image quality and file size in JPEG recompression and recommed the optimum recompression factor.