• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국표면공학회 2016년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.152-152
• /
• 2016

Anodizing is a technology to generate thicker and high-quality films than natural oxide films by treating metals via electrochemical methods. It is a technique to develop metals for various uses, and extensive research on the commercial use has been performed for a long time. Aluminum anodic oxide (AAO) is generate oxide films, whose sizes and characteristics depending on the types of electrolytes, voltages, temperatures and time. Electrochemical manufacturing method of nano structure is an efficient technology in terms of cost reduction, high productivity and complicated shapes, which receives the spotlight in diverse areas. The sulfuric acid was used as an anodizing electrolyte, controlling its temperature to $10^{\circ}C$. The anode was 5083 Al alloy with dimension of $5(t){\times}20{\times}20mm$ while the cathode was the platinum. The distance between the anode and the cathode was maintained at 3 cm. Agitation was introduced by magnetic stirrer at 300 rpm to prevent localized temperature rise that hinders stable growth of oxide layer. In order to observe surface characteristics with applied current density, the electrolyte temperature, concentration was maintained at constant condition for $10^{\circ}C$, 10 vol.%, respectively. To prevent hindrance of stable growth of oxide layer due to local temperature increase during the experiment, stirring was maintained at constant rate. In addition, using galvanostatic method, it was maintained at current density of $10{\sim}30mA/cm^2$ for 40 minutes. The cavitation experiment was carried out with an ultrasonic vibratory apparatus using piezo-electric effect with modified ASTM-G32. The peak-to-peak amplitude was $30{\mu}m$ and the distance between the horn tip and specimen was 1 mm. The specimen after the experiment was cleaned in an ultrasonic, dried in a vacuum oven for more than 24 hours, and weighed with an electric balance. The surface damage morphology was observed with 3D analysis microscope. As a result of the investigation, differences were observed surface hardness and anti-cavitation characteristics depending on the development of oxide film with applied current density.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 반도체재료
• /
• pp.42-45
• /
• 2001

The high permittivity are applied to DRAM and FRAM. (Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$ (EST) thin films were prepared by Sol-Gel method. BST solution was made and spin-coated on $Pt/SiO_2/Si$ substrate at 4000 [rpm] for 10 seconds in a time coating. Coated specimens were dried at $90[^{\circ}C]$ for 5 minutes. Coating process was repeated from 3 times to 5 times and then sintered at $750[^{\circ}C]$ for 30 minutes. Each specimen was analyzed structure and electrical characteristics. Thickness of BST ceramics thin films are about 2600-2800[$\AA$] in 3 times. Dielectric constant of thin films was little decreased at 1[KHz]~1[MHz]. Dielectric constant and loss to frequency were 250 and 0.02 in BST3. The property of leakage current was stable When the applied voltage was 0~3[V] Leakage current was $10^{9}\sim10^{11}$[A] at 0~3[V].

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 영호남학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.34-38
• /
• 2000

Recently, the ceramics of high permittivity are applied to DRAM and FRAM. In this study, (Ba, Sr)$TiO_3$ (BST) ceramics thin films were prepared by Sol-Gel method. BST solution was made and spin-coated on Pt/$SiO_2$/Si substrate at 4000 [rpm] for 10 seconds. Coated specimens were dried at $150[^{\circ}C]$ for 5 minutes. Coating process was repeated 3 times and then sintered at $750[^{\circ}C]$ for 30 minutes. Each specimen was analyzed structure and electrical characteristics by Fractal Process. Thickness of BST ceramics thin films are about $2000{\AA}$. Dielectric constant and loss of thin films was little decreased at 1[KHz] - 1[MHz]. Dielectric constant and loss to frequency were 250 and 0.02 in BST3. The property of leakage current as the realation between the current and the voltage was that change of the leakage current was stable when the applied voltage was 0~3[V].

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.132-135
• /
• 1999

Recently, the ceramics of high permittivity are applied to DRAM and FRAM. In this study, (B $a_{x}$ S $r_{l-x}$)Ti $O_3$(BST) ceramics thin films were prepared by Sol-Gel method. BST solution was made and spin-coated on Pt/ $SiO_2$/Si substrate at 4000 [rpm] for 10 seconds. Coated specimens were dried at 150[$^{\circ}C$] for 5 minutes. Coating process was repeated 3 times and then sintered at 750[$^{\circ}C$] for 30 minutes. Each specimen was analyzed structure and electrical characteristics. Thickness of BST ceramics thin films are about 2000($\AA$). Dielectric constant and loss of thin films was little decreased at 1[KHz] ~1[KHz]. Dielectric constant and loss to frequency were 250 and 0.02 in $Ba_{0.7}$S $r_{0.3}$Ti $O_3$. The properly of leakage current as the realation between the current and the voltage was that change of the leakage current was stable when the applied voltage was 0~3[V].

• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.220-229
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 다양한 DC 전원을 활용할 수 있는 승압형 DC-DC 컨버터로 설계사양을 통한 인덕터 L과 커패시터 C의 값을 산출하여 PSPICE를 통한 최적의 값을 추정하였다. 승압형 DC-DC 컨버터는 스위치 소자로 IRF840을 사용하였으며 역회복 시간(reverse recovery time)이 뛰어난 쇼트키 다이오드(schottky rectifiers)인 D10SC6M을 사용하여 정전류 제어 (constant current controller)가 가능하도록 구성하였으며 열저항을 고려한 파워 LED 모듈 (power LED module)을 제작하여 구동하였다. 컨버터의 스위칭 주파수는 50 kHz로 최초 듀티비는 10 %에서 출력전압의 검출 값에 따라 점차적으로 증가시키도록 하였다. 그 결과로 승압형 파워 LED 구동기를 시뮬레이션 한 특성은 설계사양과 비교하여 5 %이하의 오차로 근사적으로 나타났고, 입력전압 15 V를 인가하여 안정된 24 V의 안정된 출력전압을 얻었으며 디밍제어 (dimming control)를 통한 밝기 조절 및 소비전류의 조정이 가능하였다.

• 전기의세계
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.18-21
• /
• 1966

A transistorized counting-rate meter was designed by substituting one of diodes in the ordinary diode pumping circuit by the Darling's constant current source. Its circuit is so simple and stable that it is proper to use as a part of portable radiation detectors. Maximum readable counting rate is well above 100 kc/s and the linearity is very good. Output deviations due to the variations of embient temperatures are less than 5% in the temperatures from 20.deg. C to 40.deg. C.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.191-198
• /
• 2015

최근 에너지 절약과 친환경 조명에 대한 관심이 고조되면서 기존 광원보다 효율이 좋은 LED 조명에 대한 연구가 증가되고 있다. LED 조명은 타 조명에 비해 초절전, 친환경, 장수명으로 21세기에 적합한 조명이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 기존의 LED 등기구 전원구동회로에 마이크로 컨트롤러 기반 볼트 레귤레이터를 이용한 전류 제어시스템을 장착하여 다양한 LED 등기구에 적합한 전류가변제어시스템을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위해 가변저항과 보상저항을 이용하여 LED 순방향 전압값에 대한 영향이 최소화되도록 회로를 구성하여 안정적인 전원공급과 전류조정이 가능하도록 하는 전류가변제어시스템을 제안한다. 본 연구에서 제시한 마이크로 컨트롤러 기반 볼트 레귤레이터를 이용한 정전류 회로 및 이를 이용한 에너지 절감방법은 발광소자에 불필요한 발열을 최소화할 수 있고, 저항값을 세밀하게 조정할 수 있어 다양한 대용량 LED 등기구에 적용 가능하다. 본 연구는 궁극적으로 안정적인 전류 공급으로 LED 등기구의 신뢰성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.586-592
• /
• 2018

본 논문은 140W 급 저면적 LED 전원 제어 회로 설계를 위해 다양한 기능이 집적된 HIC를 제안한다. 제안된 HIC는 정전압/정전류 구동회로, 단락 보호회로, 내부 정전압회로, dimmer 회로를 하나로 집적해, 제작 시 기존 시스템 대비 PCB 가로 길이를 16% 절감하는 효과를 보였다. 다양한 실험을 통해 HIC 내부에 설계된 각 블록의 성능을 검증했고, (정전압 구동회로 변동률 2.9%, dimmer 회로 오차 5%이내, 720 mA에서 안정적인 short protection) 제안된 HIC를 적용해 시스템에서 필요로 하는 전력 대비 PCB 면적을 상당히 줄일 수 있기 때문에, 제작 시간의 대부분을 차지하는 PCB 제조시간을 단출할 수 있는 효과와 전원 제어 회로에서 발생하는 불량에 대해 기존과 같이 PCB 전체를 교체하지 않고 HIC만 교체할 수 있도록 하여 유지/보수를 쉽게 할 수 있는 효과를 기대한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.467-475
• /
• 2018

The lifetime of the electrode is one of the most important factors on the stability of the electrode. Since the lifetime of the DSA (Dimensionally stable anode) electrode is long, an accelerated lifetime test is required to reduce the test time. Beacuse there is no basis or standard method for accelerated lifetime testing, many researchers use different methods. Therefore, there is a need for basis and methods for accelerated lifetime testing that other researchers can follow. We designed a reactor system for accelerated lifetime testing and planned specific methods. Reactor system was circulating batch reactor. Reactor volume and cooling water tank were 12.5 L and 100 L, respectively. Electrode size was $2cm{\times}3cm$ (real electrolysis area, $5cm^2$). In order to maintain the harsh conditions, accelerated lifetime test was carried out in a high current density ($0.6A/cm^2$) and low electrolyte concentration (NaCl, 0.068 mol/L). Maintaining a constant temperature was an important operation parameter for exact accelerated lifetime test. As the accelerated lifetime test progressed, the active component of electrode surface was consumed and desorption occurred. At the point of 5 V rise, corrosion of the surface of the base material(titanium) also started.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1998년도 하계학술대회 논문집 F
• /
• pp.2148-2150
• /
• 1998

This paper proposes a constant frequency controlled zero voltage switching method that can reduce switching losses caused by emf on inductance in DC motor. The zero voltage switching method is used more than a zero current switching method because of reducing switching losses by capacitance of depletion region of MOSFET. To simplify the controller circuit, we propose constant frequency controlled zero voltage switching method in the paper. The control method is more stable than a variable frequency control method because it can optimize bandwidth of a closed-loop and reactances. Therefore, we construct a constant frequency controlled zero voltage switching converter and improve zero switching losses in high switching frequency. In the process, we can control low-losses in full range on variable voltage and load. We simulate the proposed converter with P-SPICE and compare results obtained through the experiment.