• Animal cells and systems
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.283-289
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• 2010

Ssanghwa-tang (SHT) is a traditional Korean herbal medicine widely prescribed to decrease fatigue following an illness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of SHT on osteoclast differentiation in vitro, and on bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) rats in vivo. SHT significantly reduced the receptor activator for the nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) ligand (RANKL)-induced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, and multinucleated osteoclast formation in RAW264.7 cells without affecting cell viability. In addition, SHT significantly attenuated RANKL-induced mRNA expression levels of c-Src and cathepsin K. To examine the in vivo effect of SHT on OVX-induced bone loss in OVX rats, we administered SHT (0.6 g/kg BID) orally to OVX rats for 12 weeks. SHT administration significantly blocked OVX-induced decrease of femoral bone mineral density (BMD) and femoral trabeculae in OVX rats. In conclusion, these results suggest that SHT treatment effectively prevents OVX-induced bone loss, and this effect may result from its inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2021

Objectives: Ssanghwa-tang (SHT) is a traditional herbal formula comprising nine medicinal herbs, and it is used for reducing fatigue in Korea. SHT exerts various effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging activities, and protection against acute hepatotoxicity. However, the genotoxicity of SHT has not yet been established. Methods: Ten components were identified in SHT water extract by using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. We assessed the genotoxicity of SHT by using bacterial reverse mutation (Ames test), chromosome aberration, and in vivo micronucleus tests. Results: The contents of paeoniflorin, glycyrrhizin, and liquiritin apioside in SHT were 15.57, 6.94, and 3.48 mg/g extract, respectively. SHT did not increase the revertant colonies of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli strains in the presence or absence of metabolic activity. Although SHT did not induce structurally abnormal chromosomes in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells in the presence of metabolic activity, the number of structurally aberrated chromosomes increased dose-dependently in the absence of metabolic activity. In the in vivo micronucleus test, SHT did not affect the formation of micronuclei compared with the vehicle control. Conclusions: Genotoxicity of SHT was not observed in the Ames test and in vivo micronucleus test. However, based on the results of chromosome aberration test, it can be presumed that SHT has the potential to induce genotoxicity because it induced structurally abnormal chromosomes in the absence of metabolic activity.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2012

Objectives : The present study was designed to investigate effects of Ssanghwa-tang (Shu$\bar{a}$nghu$\bar{a}$-g$\bar{e}$ng) on oxidation/reduction reaction-related and aging-related enzymes $in$ $vitro$. Methods : We performed MTT assay, collagenase inhibition assay, elastase inhibition assay, tyrosinase inhibition assay, DPPH free radical scavenging assay, SOD-like activity and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition assay. Results : The 50% ethanol (EtOH) extract of Ssanghwa-tang (SHT) showed 55% inhibition of collagenase activity, and 42% inhibition of elastase activity at 1 mg/ml concentration. Also it's treatment showed 18% inhibition of tyrosinase activity, to relate whitening effect, at the same dose of 50% ethanol extract of SHT. Antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH radical scavenging, XO inhibiting activity and SOD-like activity. These scavenging, XO-inhibiting and SOD-like activities were measured in 80%, 75%, and 28% inhibitions, respectively, at a 1 mg/ml treated dose, compared to those of control. The inhibitory effects of 50% EtOH extract on aging and oxidation-related enzyme activities were higher than those of water extract and 95% EtOH extract. Conclusions : Taken together, our findings suggest that the SHT has potential and applicable benefits for development of cosmetics to have anti-aging (anti-wrinkle and whitening) and anti-oxidation functions.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2014

■ Objectives This clinical study is to report the effect of Korean medicine on patient with chronic benign fasciculation syndrome on a both legs. ■ Methods A patient who suffered from involuntary fasciculation of Quadricepts femoris and Gastrocnemius was treated with herbal medicine Gami SSanghwa-Tang and Yang Eui Gongjin-dan, acupuncture and moxibustion. Degree of fasciculation and general condition was measured. ■ Results After taking Gami Ssanghwa-Tang and Yang Eui Gongjin-Dan, degree of fasciculation have reduced and patient's general condition improved. ■ Conclusion This clinical case study showed the effect of Korean medicine on symptom of fasciculation.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1450-1455
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• 2005

Tremor is an most common abnormal movements disease which is to-and-fro shaking. It is caused by problems -with the nerves supplying certain muscles. It can affect the whole body or just certain areas. Parkinson's disease, Brain disease like injury of Frontal lobe, Cerebellum and Brainstem, drug and alcohol caused this symptom. It could be occured by physiological and Essential cause. In this paper, authors report three cases who showed tremor after Cerebral infarction. And we suggest that 'Ssanghwa-Tang' should be helpful for tremor patients.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.209-214
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• 1984

유통과정(流通過程)중의 품질안정성(品質安定性) 유지(維持)가 항상 문제시되고 있는 홍삼정분(紅蓼精粉)(동결(凍結) 및 분무(噴霧))의 안정성(安定性)을 시판차류정품(市販茶類精品)과 비교(比較)하기 위하여 이들 제품(製品)의 흡습특성(吸濕特性)을 비교(比較)하였고 또 초기수분함량(初期水分含臺), 조지방함량(粗脂肪含量) 및 밀도(密度)와의 관계(關係)를 조사(調査)하여 홍삼정립(紅蓼精粒)의 안정성(安定性) 미치는 영향(影響)을 비교(比較)하였다. (1) 홍삼정분(紅蔘精粉) 및 시판차류제품(市販茶類製品)의 입도(粒度)는 100 mesh 이하였으며 동결건조제품(凍結乾燥製品)이 분무건조제품(噴霧乾燥製品)보다 입도(粒度)가 컸다. (2) 홍삼정분(紅蓼精粉)(동결(凍結) 및 분무(噴霧))이 3.85% 및 4.56% 로 초기수분함량(初期水分舍量)이 높은데 비해 커피(동결(凍結) 및 분무(噴霧))가 2.17% 및 3.52%로 낮았으며 홍삼정분(紅蔘精粉)이 커피 보다 1.3$\sim$l.8배의 높은 초기수분함량(初期水分含量)을 나타냈다. (3) 탱이나 쌍화차가 흡습율(吸濕率)이 가장 낮아 높은 안정성(安定性)을 나타냈는데 이는 탱과 쌍화차의 지방함량(脂肪含量) (4.12% 및 0.62%)이 높을 뿐만 아니라 밀도(密度)(0.89g/ml 및 0.59g/ml)도 다른 제품(製品)에 비해 훨씬 높기 때문으로 판단된다. (4) 커피의 흡습율(吸濕率)이 홍삼정분(紅參精粒)보다 컸으나 커피의 안정성(安定性)이 홍삼정분(紅蔘精紛)보다 더 높은 것은 커피의 초기수분함량(初期水分含量) (2.17${\sim}$3.52%)이 홍삼정분(紅蓼精粉) (3.85${\sim}$4.56%)보다 낮을 뿐만 아니라 커피의 지방함량(脂肪含量)(0.31${\sim}$0.38%)도 홍삼정분(紅蔘精粉)(0.12${\sim}$0.16%) 보다 훨신 높기 때문으로 판단된다. (5) 따라서 홍삼정분(紅蓼精粉)의 안정성(安定性)을 높이기 위해서는 현행 물추출방벙(抽出方法)을 용매추축(溶媒抽出)로의 전환(轉換)이나 지방피막(脂肪皮膜) 처리(處理)에 의한 흡습물성(吸濕物性)을 개선(改善)함이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.11-30
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• 2024

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of Ssanghwa-tang (SHT) on lung injury and muscle loss in a COPD mouse model. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were challenged with cigarette smoke extract and lipopolysaccharide, and then treated with two concentrations of SHT (250 and 500 mg/kg). After sacrifice, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) or lung tissue was analyzed by cytospin, ELISA, real-time PCR, flow cytometry analysis, and H&E and Masson's trichrome staining. The grip strength of COPD mice was measured using a grip strength meter. The running time of COPD mice was measured by a treadmill test. Muscle tissue of the quadriceps was stained with H&E and Masson's trichrome staining. Results: SHT significantly inhibited the increase in neutrophil numbers in BALF and significantly decreased immune cell activity in BALF and lung tissue. It also significantly inhibited the increase in TNF-α, IL-17, and MIP2 in BALF. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-17, MIP2, and TRPV1 in lung tissue showed a significant decrease compared with the control group. Lung tissue damage was significantly reduced in the histological analysis. The grip strength and running time of the COPD mice showed a significant decrease compared with the control group. In histological staining, SHT was found to reduce the damage to muscle tissue. Conclusions: This study indicates that SHT can be used as a therapeutic agent for COPD patients by inhibiting lung injury and muscle loss.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.257-267
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to establish experimental evidence for the antimicrobial effects of 51 herbal formulae commonly used in traditional Korean medical institutions. Methods: The antimicrobial activities of herbal formulae were screened using the disc diffusion method against 10 pathogenic microorganisms (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli DH5α, E. coli O157, Salmonella enteritidis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Shigella flexneri, and Helicobacter pylori). Of the 51 herbal formulae, 13 herbal formulae with antimicrobial activity were selected and their dose-dependency were confirmed. Results: Nine herbal formulae, including Gyeji-tang, Dangguisu-san, Saengmaek-san, Samul-tang, Ssanghwa-tang, Socheongryong-tang, Yukmijihwang-tang, Jakyakgamcho-tang, and Paljung-san, presented antibacterial activity against B. cereus. The effects of Saengmaek-san and Paljung-san was sustained for 48 hr. On L. monocytogenes, Dangguisu-san and Hyangsapyeongwi-san showed antimicrobial activity, but only Hyangsapyeongwi-san maintained the activity for 48 hr. Thirteen herbal formulae such as Galgeun-tang, Gyeji-tang, Dangguisu-san, Mahwang-tang, Banhasasim-tang, Saengmaek-san, Socheongryong-tang, Yukmijihwang-tang, Jakyakgamcho-tang, Cheonwangbosim-dan, Palmijihwang-tang, Paljung-san, and Hwanglyeonhaedok-tang showed antimicrobial activity against V. parahaemolyticus, and the activity was maintained for 48 hr. The 51 herbal formulae did not show any antimicrobial activity against seven strains such as E. coli DH5α, E. coli O157, S. aureus, S. enteritidis, Y. enterocolitica, S. flexneri, and H. pylori. Conclusions: Nine, two, and thirteen herbal formulae showed antimicrobial activities against B. cereus, L. monocytogenes, and V. parahaemolyticus in a dose-dependent manner, respectively. The results of antimicrobial activity of 51 herbal formulae against 10 microorganisms might be used as the basis for new application of herbal formulae.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2010

Objectives : Polymyositis is non-hereditary, autoimmune rheumatic disease, and one of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. It is characterized by progressive symmetrical proximal muscle weakness. Major clinical signs and symptoms of polymyositis are chronic non-suppurative inflammatation of skeletal muscle, elevation of muscle enzyme, and electromyographical changes. By use of Korean medicine treatments, muscle weakness and normalize muscle enzyme can be improved in case of polymyositis. Methods : A Patient, 32 years old, whom diagnosed with polymyositis on muscle biopsy and electromyographical changes, had medical treatments with Corticosteroids and Immunosuppressants, but no improvement was noted. She was treated with Korean Medicine, especially Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture(五行和 鍼法) and Ssanghwa-Tang(雙和湯) for three months period. Results : With Korean Medicine treatment of polymyositis for three months, most of her clinical signs and symptoms have been improved significantly, especially her muscle weakness and muscle enzyme level. Conclusion : This case has been reported to show that Korean medicine treatments have positive effects on polymyositis.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.143-155
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• 2006

Hwa-byung is said as a Korean folk syndrome in DSM- N,and that is translated into ,Anger syndrome', In Oriental Medicine, Hwa-Byung is related with clonic emotional-stress, and include symptoms having the character of 'fire', In this case, the patient had symptoms similar with schizopmenifonn disorder, We treated the patient with Sihoukan-tang, Ssanghwa-tang and Ziunkoron. And her condition was improved through these oriental medical treatment.