• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.147-151
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• 2000

Background and Objectives： Metastasis to the submental and submandibular lymph nodes rarely occurs in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of level I neck dissection in squamous cell carcinoma of larynx and hypopharynx. Materials and Methods : Forty-three patients with pathologically positive cervical nodal involvement in squamous cell carcinoma of larynx and hypopharynx treated between 1989 to 1998 were reviewed. Fifteen patients were treated with neck dissection including level 1,28 patients were treated with neck dissection excluding the level 1. Results : The regional recurrence at the level I in patients treated with neck dissection excluding the level I, was shown in only one case (recurrence rate 3.6%), but this patient was efficiently managed with salvage operation and adjuvant radiotherapy. No recurrence was shown in patients treated with neck dissection including the level I. So, total recurrence rate at the level I was 2.3%. Conclusion : This study suggests that dissection of the level I is not justified in squamous cell carcinoma of larynx and hypopharynx even if metastasis to cervical lymph node was confirmed preoperatively (cN+).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.48-50
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• 2021

More than half of patients presenting with hoarseness show benign vocal cord changes. However, in rare cases with benign mucosal lesions, it can be diagnosed as a malignant disease after histopathological examination. A 53-year-old man with a 30-pack-year smoking history was admitted for the evaluation of hoarseness, and using a laryngoscope, an enclosed, sac-like cystic lesion was detected on the midpoint of the right true vocal cord. The cystic lesion was deemed to be an intracordal cyst and treated with laryngeal microsurgery. However, pathological findings showed squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx arising in the intracordal cyst, which is exceptionally rare. Therefore, even if a benign lesion is initially suspected, a biopsy must be performed on a patient with smoking history to confirm the diagnosis. In conclusion, we report a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx arising in the intracordal cyst.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 1990

Most common laryngeal cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, but various kinds of non-squamous cell tumor also occurs in the larynx. It is quite different from epidermoid carcinoma in the aspect of invasive behavior, metastatic route and treatment modality. Its proper diagnosis is somewhat difficult due to its rarity. This paper presents clinical feature of eight non-squamous cell tumor of the larynx experienced during the past 15 years.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2001

Background and Objectives： Heat shock protein(HSP) 27 is a member of the small HSP family that plays a part in the epithelial cell growth and differentiation, wound healing. apoptosis and cell protection against inflammatory cytotoxic mediators. The expression of HSP27 was investigated in normal laryngeal tissue and squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Materials and Methods : We studied expression of HSP27 by Western blot on 20 patients of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Results： HSP27 expressed in all normal and cancer tissues. In 9 cases(45%), expression of HSP27 more prominent in cancer tissue. Statistically, there were no significant difference in the expression of HSP27 in normal and cancer tissue, clinical stage and tumor differentiation. Conclusion 45% of cancer tissues was more prominent than normal tissue. But further studies on expression of HSP27 in laryngeal cancer and relationship with clinical parameter should be done.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2000

Objectives: Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) is a B-lymphotrophic virus with a tumorigenic potential. EBV infection has been recognized as the main cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt's lymphoma. Bcl-2 protein expression is known to be up-regulated by the EBV-latency associated antigen latent membrane protein(LMP). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of EBV in squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx and the relationship between the presence of EBV and bcl-2 expression. Patients and Methods: From January 1994 to December 1977, 35 patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx were studied. EBV genome DNA was surveyed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) assay and then compared the results of in situ hybridization(ISH) for EBER1 using digoxigenin-tailed oligonucleotide probe. The expression of bcl-2 protein was studied by immunohistochemistry(IHC) using bcl-2 monoclonal antibody. Results: By PCR, EBV genome was detected in 22 of 35(62.9%) squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx. Nineteen of 35 cases(54.3%) showed a positive nuclear staining for EBER1 in tumor cells by ISH. Three cases showed positivity in inflammatory cells by ISH and one of them showed a positive staining of both tumor cells and inflammatory cells. Eighteen of 32 specimens(62.5%) were positive for bcl-2 protein. There was no significant correlations between the presence of EBV DNA and bcl-2 expression. Conclusions: It could be concluded that high incidence of EBV in the laryngeal cancer tissue may indicate a probable role of EBV in the development of laryngeal carcinoma.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.236-239
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• 2010

Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare carcinoma which arises from upper respiratoy system, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract and skin. Sarcomatoid carcinoma of larynx is rare so pathogenesis, clinical behavior, treatment and prognosis of it is being debated. Treatment of sarcomatoid carcinoma of larynx is similar to squamous cell carcinoma of larynx. We report a case of recurred sarcomatoid carcinoma after surgical treatment and postoperative radiotherapy.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 1989

Sixty-six patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx received irradiation with curative intent between 1979 and 1985 were retrospectively analysed. All patients had a minimum follow-up of 4 years. Of the entire group consisting of $73\%$T3 and T4 lesions and $58\%$ lymph node metastases, a 5-year acturial survival rate was $31.3\%$. A 5-year acturial survival rates for stage II, III and IV were $60.7\%,\;45.7\%\;and\;13.5\%$ respectively (p<0.05). Patients without lymphnode metastases had better survival rate than those with postive lymphnode metastases $(54.8\%\;vs\;12.2\%)$ (p<0.005). Surgical salvage rate w8s 4/7 $(57\%)$. Three patients developed distant metastases. Major complications requiring surgery were seen in $11\%$, Radiation therapy alone with surgical salvage was an effective, voice preserving treatment for stage I, II and selected III carcinoma of the supraglottic carcinoma, however planned combined treatment with surgery and radiation therapy is advised for stage III and IV carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx with resectable neck disease.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.39-41
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• 2014

Spindle cell carcinoma is an uncommon type of squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a mixture of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Most spindle cell tumors are polypoid and pedunculated. It is usually detected at an early stage, removed by laryngoscope guided polypectomy at the time of diagnosis, and seems to have good prognosis. The tools for diagnosing spindle cell carcinoma are histopathological analysis and immunohistochemical analysis. With reviews of literature, we report a 72-year-old patient complaining of hoarseness and dysphagia who was later diagnosed as spindle cell carcinoma.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 2012

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma(BSCC) is a high-grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma, with a prediction for multifocal involvement of the base of tongue, pyriform sinus, supraglottic larynx, hypopharynx and palatine tonsil. It primary affects men in the seventh decade of life with frequent cervical lymph-node metastasis at presentation. Grossly, these tumors are usually firm to hard, with associated central necrosis, occuring as exophytic to nodular masses. Histologically, the this infiltrating tumor offers a variety of growth patterns, including solid, lobular, cribriform, cords, trabeculae, nests and glands or cyst. We present a 55-year-old female who was treated with surgical excision and radiotherapy. She was firstly presented as a recurrent inflammatory neck mass and finally diagnosed with basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the palatine tonsil.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.258-261
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• 1998

Most laryngeal carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas. Adenocarcinoma of the larynx is rare, its incidence has been reported less than 1% of all laryngeal neoplasms. Adenocarcinoma arises from glandular structures of the larynx and usually arises from the supraglottis. Compared to other carcinoma, deep biopsy and aggressive treatment is manditory. We report a case of adenocarcinoma of the larynx with review of current literatures.