• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2002

This study was performed to investigate the influence of spraying condition to the coating layer properties of Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo-Si-B alloy using the HVOF. The investigations, such as thickness measurement, surface roughness, hardness, friction coefficient, resistance of corrosion were carried out. Matrix is prepared by gritting and coating layer is made of Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo-Si-B alloy powder using HVOF. Alumina gritting layers are superior to steel gritting layers. The less spaying distance, the more coating layer properties confirmed. The optimum spraying condition, in this study, was proved as 13inch spraying distance with feed rate 350rpm (78g/min).

• 약학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.593-599
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• 1995

Erythromycin was formulated as enteric-coated pellets in order to reduce degradation in stomach and gastromtestmal irritation, and to maximize the absorption in intestine followmg its oral administration. Core pellets were prepared using fluid-bed granulator with two different methods (powder layering and solvent spraying) and enteric-coated with two different coating polymers (HPMCP and Eudragit E30D). Physical characteristics md dissolution rates of core pellets and enteric-coated pellets were evaluated to optimize the formulation. Powder layering method resulted in shorter initial dissolution time than solvent spraying method, but physicochmical properties of the product were worse than solvent spraying method with respect to hardness, ftiability and density. The dissolution rate of the drug was increased with the addition of surfactants, showing concentration-dependence. The scanning electron microscopic observation of pellets revealed significant differences on the surface appearances prepared with solvent spraying method. The core pellet made with powder layering method had crystals on the surface, which resulted in poor physical properties of the pellets. The dissolution profiles of erythromycin pellets coated with HPMCP or Eudragit L30D were close to that of commercially available erythromycin enteric-coated product.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1998년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(2)
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• pp.216-221
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• 1998

A study on induction plasma deposition with ceramic materials, yttria-stabilized-zirconia ZrO$_2$-Y$_2$O$_3$ (m.p 264O $^{\circ}C$), was conducted with a view developing a new method for nuclear fuel fabrication Before making dense pellets more than 96％TD., the spraying condition was optimized through the process parameters, such as chamber pressure, plasma plate power powder spraying distance, sheath gas composition, probe position, particle size and powders different morphology. The results with a 5mm thick deposit on rectangular planar graphite substrates showed a 97.11％ theoretical density when the sheath gas flow rate was Ar/H$_2$120/20 l/min, probe position 8cm, particle size -75 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and spraying distance 22cm by AMDRY146 powder. The degree of influence of the main effects on density were powder morphology. particle size, sheath gas composition, plate power and spraying distance, in that order. Among the two parameter interactions, the sheath gas composition and chamber pressure affects density greatly. By using the multi-pellets mold wheel type, the pellet density did not exceed 94%T.D., owing to the spraying angle.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.406-413
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• 1996

A control system for a self-propelled boom sprayer to spray at uniform application rate was developed and evaluated. The ground speed of the sprayer was converted into voltage. The voltage was used as an input signal. Output signal was current of a servo motor, that controlled application pressure of the sprayer with a feedback control system. Spraying was executed at the pressure of 20~55 psi and the speed of 0.640~0.696 km/hr and 1.040-1.131 km/hr. Although the pressure and the speed of sprayer were changed continuously, application rate was tried to keep a nearly constant amount of 666.67 L/ha. This result showed that the developed control system for uniform application rate was adoptable for the self-propelled sprayer.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.125-134
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• 1997

This study was conducted by L9 orthogonal array to obtain optimum spray parameters for This study was conducted by L9 orthogonal array to obtain optimum spray parameters for $Cr_3C_2 - 7wt%$(80wt%Ni-20wt%Cr) coating powder. The factors were hydrogen flow rate, oxygen flow rate, gun-to-work distance, powder feed rate. And evaluation methods for the coating were surface roughness, oxygen concentration, micro-hardness, pore size and distribution, low angle ($30^{\circ}$) erosion rate, and microstructure of coating. The optimum HVOF spray conditions were proved as follows : hydroen flow rate ; 681 SLPM, oxygen flow rate ; 215 SLPM $H^2/O^2 ratio= 3.16), gun-to-work distance ; 22cm, powder feed rate; 25g/min. The hardness (Hv300) was 1147 and the erosion rate ($30^{\circ}$degree) was $3.16\times10^{-4}$g/g. It is believed that the optimized spray conditions can be improved the wear-resistance and anti-erosion characteristics of the coating.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.893-898
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• 2003

An experiment was conducted to characterize water droplet charging performance of an electrostatic spraying nozzle for an electrostatic wet scrubber. Charge-to-mass ratios, the nozzle currents divided by the mass flow rate of water were obtained with respect to the applied voltage to the ring-electrode for 2 different flow conditions. It was shown that the charge-to-mass ratio increased in proportion to the applied voltage and tended to saturate at a certain higher voltage.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.201-207
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• 1995

In general, the characteristics of plasma spray coating are strongly dependent on process conditions. In this paper, Mo and Co alloy coating layers were made by plasma spraying with different spray parameters and characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), hardnass test, and wear test. It was found that the coating characteristics were mainly affected by phase composition of the powder, spray distance, arc current, and gas flow rate.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.353-362
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• 2022

숏크리트 습식 공법은 모든 재료를 혼합한 후 분사장치에 공급하여 노즐에 압축공기를 추가하고 분사속도를 향상시켜 타설면에 뿜어 붙이는 공법을 말한다. 현장의 습식 공법에서 사용되는 숏크리트량과 현장 상황을 실험실 규모에서 재현하기 위해서는 장비의 토출량 제어가 필수적으로 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 실험실 규모에서 현장 상태의 재현성을 높이기 위해 숏크리트 몰탈 뿜칠 장비의 급결제 유량 제어 시스템을 개발하여 장비에 적용하였다. 개발된 장비의 검증을 위해 물과 몰탈을 이용한 토출량 제어 시험을 수행하였다. 개발된 제어 시스템은 모노 펌프에 대해 사용자 입력값에 따라 토출량 제어가 원활하게 이루어 졌으나 감속기가 부착된 스크류 펌프에 대해서는 입력값에 따라 원활하게 토출량 제어가 이뤄지지 않았다. 감속기가 부착된 경우, 모노 펌프 가동률은 낮추면서 스크류 펌프의 가동률을 높여서 목표로 하는 급결제 유량에 근접하게 조절하는 방안이 필요하다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1390-1397
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• 2004

This study is concerned with the thermal analysis during the cool-down period of 135,000㎥ class GT-96 membrane type LNG carrier under IMO and USCG design condition. During the cool-down period, the spraying rate for the NG cooling decreases as the temperature of NG falls down from -4$0^{\circ}C$ to -l3$0^{\circ}C$, and the spraying rate for the cooling of the insulation wall increases as the temperature gradient of the insulation wall is large. It was confirmed that there existed the largest temperature decrease at the first barrier and the first insulation, which are among the insulation wall, especially in the top side of the insulation wall under IMO and USCG design condition. Also, as the NG temperature distribution is fixed, the outer temperature condition under the design condition has influence on the temperature variation at the insulation. By the 3-D numerical calculation about the cargo tank and the cofferdam during the cool-down period, the temperature variation in hulls and insulations is precisely predicted under IMO and USCG design condition. From the comparison between two conditions; IMO design condition shows more severe temperature gradient than USCG design condition, therefore, it provides the conservative estimation of the BOG.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1346-1351
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• 2004

This study is concerned with the thermal analysis during the cool-down period of 135,000 $m^3$ class GT-96 membrane type LNG carrier under IMO design condition. The cool-down is performed to cool the insulation wall and the natural gas in cargo tank for six hours to avoid the thermal shock at the start of loading of $-163^{\circ}C$ LNG. During the cool-down period, the spraying rate for the NG cooling decreases as the temperature of NG falls clown from $-40^{\circ}C$ to $-130^{\circ}C$ and the spraying rate for the insulation wall cooling increases as the temperature gradient of the insulation wall is large. It was confirmed that there existed the largest temperature decrease at the 1 st barrier and 1st insulation, which are among the insulation wall, especially in the top side of the insulation wall. By the 3-D numerical calculation about the cargo tank and the cofferdam during the cool-down period, the temperature variation in hulls and insulations is precisely predicted.