• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.442-446
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• 1990

As a part of studies on the quality control of crude drug-drink preparations, ginger components were identified by TLC and 6-gingerol was determined quantitatively by HPLC. Ginger components were identified by TLC with benzene/acetone (4:1, v/v, on silica gel plate by spraying a vanillinsulfuric acid reagent. 5-Gingerol contents were determined at 280 nm by HPLC on Lichro CART RP-18 column with acetonitrile/wate(38:62, v/v). Its transfer rate in the 3 types of crude drug extract drinks was 65.4-85.1% compared to the content in the ginger extract.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.338-342
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• 2010

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have excellent electrical, chemical stability, mechanical and thermal properties. The MWCNT films were investigated as a transparent electrode for the solar cell, OLED, and field-emission display. MWCNT films were fabricated by air spray method, whose process is quite low-costed, using the multi-walled CNTs solution on glass substrates. Moreover, the most stable film was fabricated when the spraying time was 60 sec. The film that was sprayed with the MWCNT dispersion for 60 sec, has 300nm thick. And its electric resistivity, transmittance rate, mobility and carrier concentration are $6{\times}10^{-2}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$, 50% at ${\lambda}=550mm$, $4.3{\times}10^{-2}cm^2/V{\cdot}s$ and $2.1{\times}10^{21}cm^{-3}$, respectively. Also, absorption energy of MWCNT films show from 3.9 eV to 4.6 eV. Furthermore, we can use MWCNT films fabricated by the spray method for the transparent electrode.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1127-1134
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• 2002

Fine ceramic particles of zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA), titania toughened alumina (TTA), and zirconia-titania toughened alumina (ZTTA) have been synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) at various temperatures from starting salt solutio ns of various compositions aiming for the development of catalytic material. These particles were characterized for properties such as shape, size and size distribution, diffraction pattern, and chemical and phase composition of elements by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size analyzer (PSA), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Chemical compositions and sizes of ceramic composites have been controled by the stoichiometry of salt solutions and the flow rate of spraying solutions. The optimum experimental conditions for the various composite particle syntheses have been proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.234-235
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• 2006

In this study, the plasma sprayed $Al_2O_3$ and $Y_2O_3$ coatings have been investigated for applications of microelectronic components. The plasma sprayed coatings had a well-defined splatted lamellae microstructure, intersplat pores and a higher amount of microcracks within the splats. The plasma sprayed $Y_2O_3$ coating had a relatively lower hardness of 300-400Hv, compared to 650-800Hv for $Al_2O_3$ coating, and would be readily damaged by mechanical attacks such as erosion, wear and friction. For a reactive ion etching against F-containing plasmas, however, the $Y_2O_3$ coating had a much higher resistance than the $Al_2O_3$ coating because of the reduced erosion rate of by-products.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

In orchard or crop-growing environments, pesticides are sprayed using various nozzles to prevent pests and improve productivity. Nozzles currently in use are restricted for use in multi-purpose environments, thus, it is necessary to develop new nozzles. In this study, new two-phase nozzles are proposed to improve the performance of the nozzle (flow rate, spray angle, spray particle size). The performance of the two-phase nozzles are predicted through the CFD analysis and the performance of the nozzles is compared with the experiment. The experimental results showed that the proposed two-phase nozzles are available at relatively low operating pressure condition and are capable of extensive spray particle size control. Thus, the proposed nozzles are expected to be available in various orchard environments.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.315-323
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• 2004

An electrical cascade impactor is a multi-stage impaction device to separate airborne particles into aerodynamic size classes using particle charging and electrical detection techniques. A Faraday cage and an aerosol charger, which are basic components of the electrical cascade impactor, were designed and evaluated in this study. The low-level current response of the Faraday cage was investigated with changing particle size and air flow rate by using sodium chloride (NaCl) particles. The response of the prototype Faraday cage was very similar to that of a commercial aerosol electrometer (TSI model 3068) within ${\pm}$5% for singly-charged particles. The response linearity of the prototype Faraday cage could be extended up to flow rate of 30 L/min. For the performance evaluation of the aerosol charger the monodisperse liquid dioctyl sebacate (DOS) particles, with diameters of 0.1∼0.8$\mu\textrm{m}$, were generated using spraying from an atomizer followed by evaporation-condensation process. Typical performance parameters of the aerosol charger such as P$.$n, wall loss, and elementary charges per particle were evaluated. The performance of the prototype aerosol charger was found to be close to that of the aerosol charger used in an electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI, Dekati).

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.779-787
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• 2002

The cooling heat transfer by impinging water spray jets on a rotating roll with a relatively large diameter has been investigated under various experimental conditions with 3 different sizes of flat type nozzle. The local heat transfer coefficients were calculated by finite difference method using measured surface temperatures of the circular cylinder as boundary conditions. Results show that a peak value of the heat transfer coefficient is located at the center of sprayed area and there may be a secondary peak at the downstream. The average heat transfer coefficients on the sprayed area were found to be 10 to 22 ㎾/$m^2$$^{\circ}C$, and were not related to spraying pressure, but approximately linearly to flow rate of sprayed water. Also it is found that increasing the distance from roll to nozzle could improve the cooling efficiency by increasing the sprayed area.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2013

Wall thinning of pipeline in power plants occurs mainly by flow acceleration corrosion (FAC), cavitation erosion (C/E), liquid droplet impingement erosion (LDIE). Wall thinning by FAC and C/E has been well investigated; however, LDIE in plant industries has rarely been studied due to the experimental difficulty of setting up a long injection of highly-pressurized air. In this study, we designed a long-term experimental system for LDIE and investigate the behavior of LDIE for three kinds of materials (A106B, SS400, A6061). The main control parameter was the air-water ratio (${\alpha}$), which was defined as the volumetric ratio of water to air (0.79, 1.00, 1.72). In order to clearly understand LDIE, the spraying velocity (${\nu}$) of liquid droplets was controled larger then 160 m/s and the experiments were performed for 15 days. Therefore, this research focuses relation between erosion rate and air-water ratio on the various pipe-flow materials. NPP(nuclear power plant)'s LDIE prediction theory and management technique were drawn from the obtained data.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.763-768
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• 2001

Molybdenum-based thermal spray powder is widely used for coating the moving parts of the internal combustion engines due to its excellent wear resistance. A composite powder of the $Mo_{40}(Al_{1-x}Si_x)_{60}$ system was synthesized using the SHS method. The synthesized bulk was pulverized and specially treated to produce thermal spray powder. It was found that the synthesis reaction consisted of two-steps: the formation of $Al_8/Mo_3$ and the formation of Mo(Al,Si)$_2$. Both the temperature and the rate of the SHS reaction linearly increased with the increase of the value of x in $Mo_{40}(Al_{1-x}Si_x)_{60}$, The temperature and the rate of the reaction were also affected by the compacting density of the specimens, exhibiting the maximum valves at 62% and 60%, respectively. Since spherical shape is advantageous to the thermal spraying process, shape-control of the powder was attempted with PVA as a binding additive, resulting in the successful production of almost perfectly spherical powder of 80 $\mu\textrm{m}$ Ø$(d_{50})$ mean particle size.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.328-331
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• 2008

Corrosion behaviour of water intake gate steel structures with different protective measures was investigated. Five material alternatives were taken for investigation, including: imported and recycled stainless steel, carbon steel with hot zinc spraying, painting and composite coatings. Results of corrosion rate for carbon steel, SUS 304, hot zinc spray coats in three water systems of Mekong river basin (saline, blackish and fresh) were also presented. Corrosion rate of carbon steel decreased with decreasing salinity in the investigated water environments. Meanwhile, these values for zinc coated steel, behaved by another way. Environmental data for these systems were filed and discussed in relation with corrosion characteristics. Method of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was applied in materials selection for water intake gate construction. From point of Life Cycle Cost (LCA) the following ranking was obtained: Zinc sprayed steel < Recycled stainless steel < Composite coated steel < Painting steel < SUS 304 From investigated results, hot zinc spray coating has been applied as protective measure for steel structures of water intake systems in Mekong river basin.