• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.743-750
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• 1997

The hypoglycemic effects of 2 mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinus edodes, on streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats were investigated in this study . Diabets mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by the injection of STZinto the tail vein at a dose of 45mg/kg. Sprague-Dawley male rats(200-250g) were assigned to one control and three STZ-diabetic groups. Diabetic groups were assigned to STZ-control, pleurotus ostreatus and Lenitinus edodes groups. All groups were fed a AIN 76 diet. The two experimental groups were fed with each protein-bound polysaccharide(150mg/kg BW) for 14 days and with carboxymethyl cellulose for STZ-control group. The body weight gain was monitored and the blood levels of glucose and cholesterol were measured . Levels of protein triglyceride, and free fatty acid in plasma were analysed. Serum aminotransferase activity as also measured. The body weight gain was lower in the all diabetic groups than in the of normal group. The weight of spleen was reduced by adminstration of the Lentinus edodes protein-bound polysaccharides. The result suggest that orally administered Lentinus edodes protein-bound polysaccharides exhibited hypoglycemic effect in STZ -induced diabetic rats and that these protein-bound polysaccharides may be useful for the management of diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Puerariae radix(PR) herb-acupuncture on nitric oxide synthase(NOS) expression in hippocampus of alcohol-intoxicated Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats. Methods: SD rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups; normal group, control group, alcohol with herb-acupuncture group(0.3, 3, 30 and 300mg/kg PR). Normal groups were received with NaCl, while alcohol intoxication groups were injected intraperitoneally with alcohol(2g/kg) twice per day for 3 days. Herb-acupuncture groups were injected on Zhongwan(CV12) for 5 consecutive days. For the detection of NADPH-d-positive cells in hippocampus, immunohistochemistry was performed. Results: n control group, a significant decrease in NADPH-d-positive cells was observed compared to normal group. In alcohol with herb-acupuncture group, NADPH-d-positive cells increased significantly compared to control group. Conclusions: The present results revealed that NOS expression is enhanced in the hippocampus of SD rats through PR herb-acupuncture in an acute alcoholic intoxication condition.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.535-539
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• 2001

The modulating effect of feeding sea mustard (Undarina pinnatifida), a fiber-rich seaweed, during initiation and post-initiation phases of colon carcinogenesis was investigated in Sprague Dawley rats. Four groups of animals were exposed to the two weekly injections of a chemical carcinogen, azoxymethane (AOM). Animals were placed on diet containing 15% sea mustard during initiation. post-initiation or initiation+post-initiation phase of carcinogenesis for 10 weeks, and colonic aberrant crypt formation and cell proliferation were compared to those of rats fed semi-synthetic control diet. Results showed that sea mustard feeding significantly reduced the numbers of both aberrant crypts and aberrant crypt foci. Also, labeling indices and proliferation zones were significantly reduced in the colon of the rats fed sea mustard diets. These results indicate that the diet containing sea mustard may decrease the risk of colon cancer development, and a part of such effect may be mediated through both the blocking of initiation and the suppression of cell proliferation in the colonic crypts, although precise mechanisms should be further examined.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.226-229
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• 2010

Many methods exist that promote wound healing, including light therapy, which consists of light beams that assist the human body in treating and sterilizing wounds, as well as regenerating cells. Irradiation with specific wavelengths of either laser or LED light has been shown to induce beneficial proliferation of fibroblasts that, depending on the size of the wound, can be effective in promoting wound healing. The experiments in this study utilized 8 week old 250~300 g Male Sprague Dawley Rats (ILAR Code: NTacSam:SD) and included a non-irradiation group and a 525 nm green LED irradiation group (n of each group = 7). In experiments animals were allowed to rest for 24 hours after wounds had been excised, which was followed by non- irradiation or 525 nm green LED irradiation therapy one hour per day for 9 days. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted for cytokeratin in order to precisely measure the defect size. In addition, Masson's trichrome staining was utilized in order to compare levels of collagen between the 525 nm green LED irradiation group and the non-irradiation group. Animals exposed to 525 nm green LED irradiation (p<0.05) healed at a faster rate and had increased collagenosis compared with the non-irradiated control group. Thus, treatment with 525 nm green LED irradiation had a beneficial effect on wound healing and should be considered as a possible alternative to low power laser treatment.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2002

To evaluate the modifying effect of Kwao Kreu, Pueraria mirifica (PM) well-known as a rejuvenating folk medicine from Thailand, peri- and post-natal studies were carried out in rats. PM extract was administered to pregnant Sprague Dawley (SD) rats by oral gavage from gestation 6 (GD 6) to postnatal day 21 (PND 21). The amount of administered in this study was 0.042, 0.42 and 4.2 mg/kg/day, respectively. There were no treatment related changes of dams in deaths, clinical signs, and parturition. Treatment related changes in body weight, food consumption and lactation of dams were not observed. F1 fetuses in external abnormality, physical development, reflex/sensory functions and behavioral development were not found. No adults and F1 fetuses in organ weight was found with the exception of vagina and uterus of F1 fetuses. The results showed that PM extract, up to 4.2 mg, had no adverse effects on the peri- and post-natal development of rats. Therefore, PM extract has no adverse effects on peri- and post-natal development of rats.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2014

Background: Samul-tang (Si-Wu-Tang, SMT) is a traditional herbal formula, which has been widely used to treat various diseases such as menstrual irregularity, bleeding and leucorrhea. Although many studies have investigated the pharmacological properties of SMT, its toxicity information has not yet been fully elucidated. Methods: Five Sprague Dawley (SD) rats of each sex were given a single dose (5000 mg/kg) of SMT by gavage; control rats received the vehicle only. After the single administration, mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes and gross findings were monitored for 15 days in accordance with Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) principles. Results: In a single oral dose toxicity study, there was no adverse effect on mortality, clinical sign, body weight change or gross finding in any treatment group. Conclusions: The results indicate that SMT did not induce toxic effects at a dose level up to 5000 mg/kg in rats and its median lethal dose ($LD_{50}$) was considered to be over 5000 mg/kg/day body weight for both genders.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.641-649
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• 2014

The antiobesity effect of commercial kochujang and fermented wheat grains in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was studied. The experiment was consisted of 6 groups. Normal, high fat diet (HFD), HFD+raw wheat grains, HFD+first fermented wheat grains (FFWG, with Aspergillus oryzae) HFD+final fermented wheat grains (FiFWG, fermented more for 30~40 days), and HFD+ commercial kochujang. The results showed that final body weight, weight gain, food efficiency ratio, and adipose tissue weight were markedly decreased by the commercial kochujang and the fermented wheat grains, whereas non-fermented raw wheat grains had no such effect. Lipid contents such as total lipid, total triglyceride and total cholesterol decreased in the serum and organs of liver and adipose tissues by the commercial kochujang and the fermented wheat grains as well. These results also indicated that fermented wheat grains exhibited more suppressive effects on high fat induced-obesity than raw wheat grains. Increased fermentation time and adding the red pepper powder resulted in increased the anti-obesity effect. Especially, commercial kochujang showed higher antiobestic effects than fermented wheat grains. These in vivo findings suggested that well-fermented end products of the wheat grains and red pepper powder in kochujang could be useful in the prevention of obesity.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.80-88
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• 2015

The structural change and distribution of mitochondrial enzyme (ATPase, cytochrome-c-oxidase), cell proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA), cell death (caspase-3) and cell growth factor (fibroblast growth factor 8, FGF-8) in the Sprague-Dawley rat bile duct during Clonorchis sinensis infection was investigated. Experimental groups were divided into C. sinensis infection, superinfection and reinfection of C. sinensis after 'praziquantel' treatment group. As a result, C. sinensis infected rat bile ducts showed the features of chronic clonorchiasis, i.e., connective tissue thickening, ductal fibrosis and epithelial tissue dilatation. PCNA for cell proliferation increased in the infection group, and decreased after praziquantel treatment. Caspase-3 was distributed in reinfection group only. FGF-8 was distributed in the rat bile duct after praziquantel treatment but not distributed in infection and reinfection group. Overall, C. sinensis infection causes physical and chemical irritations and then brings on the abnormalities of intracellular energy metabolism and cellular growth factors, which hinders bile duct tissue from functioning properly, and resultingly, fibrosis occurs and epithelial cells dilated abnormally. More intense infection makes tissue fibrosis chronical and activates apoptosis factors.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.193-201
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• 1998

In Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, antibodies against strains of Orientia tsutsugamushi, Kato, Karp and Gilliam, were produced in order to investigate their longevity and cross-reactivities to their corresponding homologous and heterologous antigens. By immunofluorescence assay (IFA) of IgG and IgM, it was shown that the immunity to the homologous strains persisted at a higher level (longevity of at least 34 weeks with higher IFA titers). On the other hand, the immunity to the heterologous strains persisted at a lower level (longevity of 10 to 34 weeks with lower IFA titers). Since infection with one strain of O. tsutsugamushi does not preclude reinfection with other strains, understanding of the antigenic diversity of O. tsutsugamushi and duration of the immunity to both homologous and heterologous strain is very important in diagnosis of scrub typhus.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 1997

We investigated metabolism and carcinogenesis in livers of Sprague-Dawley rats fed juices and pelleted diets containing Korean native plants petasites japonicus Maxim by evaluating cell localization and expression of cytochrome P450s and GST-P. Anti-cytochrome P450s application in liver sections revealed three to four times increased expression of cytochrome P450E1 immunoreactivity in degenerative hepatocytes when compared to histologically normal hepatocytes. Anti-GST-P in showed positive pren plastic foci as well as in individual hepatocytes randomly scattered throughout all liver sections examined. Additionally GST-P was evident in proliferative endothelial cells and biliary epithelial cells in exposed rat livers. These results suggested that the increased level of cytochrome P4502E1 in affected hepatocytes was a direct consequence of Petasites japonicus toxicity. Further immunoreactivity to anti-GST-P in hepatocytes endothelial cells and biliary epithelial cells indicated a possible preneoplastic effects of Petasites japonicus in Sprague-Dawley rat.