• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1990년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.197-201
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• 1990

Under the electricity spot pricing, a customer can maximize its profit by adjusting its production schedule. This paper discusses the optimal response of process type customer to the spot pricing. A fast optimization algorithm is proposed. A case study reveals the potential benefits of customer under the electricity spot pricing.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
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• pp.669-675
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• 2003

This paper examines structural breaks and asymmetries of prices of four domestic petroleum products, i.e., gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and bunker-C, following the changes in the pricing policies pertaining to petroleum products in Korea from the government-controlled pricing system to the market pricing system. We use the monthly wholesale market price data for the sample period between July 1988 and December 2001. Using the four methods: the Chow test, the CUSUM/CUSUMQ tests, the Bayesian approach and the Dufour test, the structural behaviors of the petroleum product prices are examined. We found that structural change occurred in all petroleum products, with the exception of Kerosene, at the point of pricing policy change from government-controlled to the spot-price related pricing system. We, also conducted asymmetric analysis using the Borenstein, Cameron, and Gilbert (1997)'s model and found evidences of price asymmetry for all four product types, but in different pattern for each product.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.306-311
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• 2013

The Real-Time-Pricing (RTP) brings greatest values in terms of economic incentives and efficiency among the dynamic pricing schemes. The electric power industry in Korea is mainly operated by publicly owned utilities and strongly regulated by the government; therefore, revenue reconciliation of RTP is inevitably required to prevent revenue deficits. In this paper, a revenue reconciliation of real-time pricing considering imperfect information on customer response is proposed to prevent revenue deficit and distortion of the spot price. A case study is present to verify the applicability of the proposed method.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.100-109
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• 2022

한국의 경제성장과 함께 인구와 차량의 대규모 도시 집중에 따라 심각한 도시교통 문제가 초래되고 있다. 혼잡통행료의 징수는 교통수요를 관리하기 위한 가장 효과적인 정책으로 평가받고 있지만 대부분 혼잡이 발생하는 지점이나 교통축을 중심으로 적용되어 그 효과가 제한적이다. 본 연구는 동적 혼잡통행료 징수 체계를 제안하기 위해 부산광역시 206개 교통 분석 존의 평균 통행속도를 이용하여 시공간 큐브 분석(Space-Time Cube Analysis)과 시공간 패턴 마이닝(Emerging Hot Spot Analysis) 기법으로 면적인 개념의 동적 혼잡구역을 도출하였다. 분석 결과, 비 첨두시간인 0시~7시에는 핫스팟이 형성되지 않고, 7시~24시에는 동적 핫스팟이 형성되는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 특정 시간대(18시~20시)와 특정 지역(서면, 광복동)에 교통 혼잡이 집중하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 동적 혼잡통행료의 징수를 위한 시공간의 분석을 통해 도심에서의 교통수요 관리의 효과가 극대화될 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.197-205
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• 1994

Security of a power system refers to its robustness relative to a set of imminent disturbances (contingencies) during operation. The socially optimal solution for the actuall level of generation/consumption has been well-known spot pricing at shot-run marginal cost. The main disadvantage of this approach arises because serious contingencies occur quite infrequently. Thus by establishing contractual obligations for contingency offering before an actual operation time through decision feedback we can obtain socially optimal level of system security. Under probabilistic precontract pricing the operating point is established at equal incremental cost of the expected short-run and collapse cost of each participant. Rates for power generation/consumption and for an offer to use during a contingency, as well as information on the probability distribution of contingency need for each participant, are derived so that individual optimization will lead to the socially optimal solution in which system security is optimized and the aggregate benefit is maxmized.

• 에너지공학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.142-148
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• 2002

경쟁적인 전력시장에서 실시간 전력가격의 변화는 전력소비자들의 전력소비에 영향을 주게된다. 서로 다른 특성을 가지는 가정용, 상업용, 산업용 부하들은 전력소비 성향의 변화에 따라 서로 다른 가지 탄력성을 가진다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 계산된 각 용도별 부하에 대한 수요 탄력성을 적용하여 경쟁 전력시장에서 수요 탄력성에 따른 전력수요의 변화가 현물가격에 미치는 영향을 분석한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.524-526
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• 2001

The variations of real time electric price in competitive electricity markets have influence on electric power demands of the consumers. Residential, commercial, and industrial consumers, with different characteristics cause the different price elasticity of the demand due to changing the pattern of consumption. Therefore, this paper calculate the elasticity of each loads and analysis the effects of electric power demands and spot pricing as a function of elasticity in competitive electricity market.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2007

The deregulation problem has recently attracted attentions in a competitive electric power market, where the cost must be earmarked fairly and precisely for the customers and the Independent Power Producers (IPPs) as well. Transmission loss is an one of several important factors that determines power transmission cost. Because the cost caused by transmission losses is about $3{\sim}5%$, it is important to allocate transmission losses into each bus in a power system. This paper presents the new algorithm to allocate transmission losses based on an integration method using the loss sensitivity. It provides the buswise incremental transmission losses through the calculation of load ratios considering the transaction strategy of an overall system. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by the case studies carried out on the WSCC 9-bus and IEEE 14-bus systems.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제5A권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2005

In this paper, Nash equilibriums of generation markets are investigated using a game theory application for simplified competitive electricity markets. We analyze the characteristics of equilibrium states in N-company spot markets modeled by uniform pricing auctions and propose a new method for obtaining Nash equilibriums of the auction. We assume that spot markets are operated as uniform pricing auctions and that each generation company submits its bids into the auction in the form of a seal-bid. Depending on the bids of generation companies, market demands are allocated to each company accordingly. The uniform pricing auction in this analysis can be formulated as a non-cooperative and static game in which generation companies correspond to players of the game. The coefficient of the bidding function of company-n is the strategy of player-n (company-n) and the payoff of player-n is defined as its profit from the uniform price auction. The solution of this game can be obtained using the concept of the non-cooperative equilibrium originating from the Nash idea. Based on the so called residual demand curve, we can derive the best response function of each generation company in the uniform pricing auction with N companies, analytically. Finally, we present an efficient means to obtain all the possible equilibrium set pairs and to examine their feasibilities as Nash equilibriums. A simple numerical example with three generation companies is demonstrated to illustrate the basic idea of the proposed methodology. From this, we can see the applicability of the proposed method to the real-world problem, even though further future analysis is required.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.369-378
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• 2013

원-달러 장외 외환 시장은 1990년말 외환위기 및 2008년 서브프라임 위기때 극심한 변동성을 보였으므로 변동성 연구에 적합한 특성을 띤다. 본고는 ARCH 모형에 기반해 옵션 가격 결정 모형을 제시한 Duan, Heston and Nandi의 GARCH 모형으로 외환 옵션 시장에서 변동성의 특성이 옵션 가격에 반영되는 정도를 분석해 보았다. 2006년 5월부터 2013년 1월까지 원-달러 장외시장에서 거래되는 옵션 자료에 대해 본고는 세 가지 모형(Black and Scholes, Duan, Heston and Nandi)간의 설명력을 비교했다. 최우추정법으로 계산된 모수를 고정하고 전일 내재 변동성을 이용하여 당일의 이론 가격을 구해 오차를 계산하면 Duan 및 Black and Scholes 모형 모두 약 0.1% 수준을 보인다. 다만 Heston and Nandi는 상기 두 모형에 비해 큰 오차값을 가지며 또한 만기가 길어지면 설명력이 약해진다. 따라서 원-달러 외환 옵션시장의 경우 Duan 또는 Black and Scholes 모형을 이용하여 가치를 측정하는 것이 유용할 것으로 사료된다. 또한 정책적 시사점으로는 외환 현물 시장의 과거 변동성 평균이 14% 전후에서 형성되었으므로 내재 변동성 5%전후에서 외환 옵션 등을 매매하는 것은 매도자에게 대규모 손실을 초래할 수 있다.