• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

Purpose: This study sought to investigate the critical features of Word of mouth (WOM) advertising and their impact on sport consumer behavior. Research design, data, and methodology: Target population of the study consisted of all sports consumer of the Federation of Special Patients and Organ Transplantation, Tehran (Iran), who had indirectly watched the World Organ Transplant Competition documentary at least once on others' advice. For this purpose, 360 sports consumers of the federation were purposefully selected and they were asked to complete the standard WOM advertising questionnaire of Asda and Ko. Pearson correlation coefficient test and modeling of structural equations were performed using Spss24 and Smart PLS software at an error level of 0.05 used to analyze the data. Results: The findings show that there is a significant relationship between experience and expertise, trust and validity, content richness, and the power of message transmission through WOM advertising and its predictability. Finally, interpersonal relationships and work involvement also had a moderating role in this regard. Conclusions: The general conclusion is that the components of WOM advertising as well as involvement and homophily with the mediating role directly as one of the presuppositions for persuasion. The sports consumer was promoting WOM.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study is to apply 8-week velocity-based training to domestic professional athletes and the kinematic and kinetic analysis of the 1-RM improvement of back squat and power clean, which can represent strength-power ability, to verify the effectiveness of velocity-based training in Korea and to establish a basic basis. Method: The subjects who participated in this study were 10 professional athletes from K University (age: 21.40 ± 0.97 yrs., height: 179.90 ± 3.54 cm., body mass: 71.298 ± 2.98 kg). All subjects performed back squat and power clean 1-RM before and after 8-weeks of velocity-based training. A 3-dimensional motion analysis with 8 infrared cameras and 4 channels of EMG was performed in this study. A paired t-test was used for statistical verification. The significant level was set at α=.05. Results: Both Back squat and Power Clean 1-RM showed statistically significant increases (p<.05). In the case of back squat, there was no statistically significant difference in both kinematic and kinetic variables (p>.05). In the case of Power Clean, only the quadriceps of Phase 1 showed a statistically significant decrease (p<.05). Conclusion: Domestic professional athletes can improve their strength-power ability through velocity-based training, and such training for at least 8-weeks is considered a way to improve their performance.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an 8-week velocity-based training on the maximum vertical jump in elite sprinters. Method: Ten elite sprinters were participated in this study (age: 21 ± 0.97 yrs., height: 179 ± 3.54 cm, body mass: 72 ± 2.98 kg). An 8-week velocity-based power training was provided to all subjects for twice per week. Their maximum vertical jumps were measured before and after velocity-based training. A 3-dimensional motion analysis with 8 infrared cameras and 4 channels of EMG was performed in this study. A paired t-test was used for statistical verification. The significant level was set at α=.05. Results: There were no statistically significant differences were found between pre and post the training (p>.05). However, most variables included jump record, knee joint ROM, and muscle activation of rectus femoris showed increased pattern after the training. Conclusion: In this study, an 8-week velocity-based training did not showed the significant training effects. However, knee joint movement which is the key role of the vertical jump revealed positive kinematic and kinetic pattern after the training. From this founding, it is believed that velocity-based training seems positively affect the vertical jump which is the clear measurement of mechanical power of sprinter. In addition, to get more clear evidence of the training more training period would be needed.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.185-204
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to obtain the data for stable and accurate techniques of the free throw in basketball. The subjects of this study were seven male basketball player consisted of college students athletes. Free throw motions were taken by video camera. The three-dimensional coordinates was processed by DLT. The variables were the velocity, the angular velocity of the upper extremity segments, degree, and angular momentum. The result of analysis is summarized as follows. 1. The velocity and angular velocity of the upper extremity segment was showed an gradual increase and a smooth velocity transfer, transferring from proximal segment to distal segment at free throw motion in basketball. 2. The local term and remote term angular velocity momentum of the proximal segment showed larger than that of the distal segment in X, Y, Z axis component all. 3. The remote term angular momentum was showed larger than that of the local term angular momentum in X, Y, Z axis component all. 4. The angular motion of the upper trunk and upper arm, upper arm and forearm was showed in opposite direction and symmetrical angular momentum in local term angular momentum of the Y and Z axis component. 5. All the segments of upper extremity segment was showed left rotation in remote term angular momentum of the Y axis component and right rotation in remote term angular momentum of the Z axis component.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

This study is to analyze the effect of participation in sports for all on the formation of social capital. For this purpose, this study used convenience sampling method with the 150 subjects who participated Sports for All in Seoul and Gyeonggi area. and selected 150 questionnaires excluding 30 unsuitable for the data. For data analysis was made by SPSS 17.0, performing exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression model. This analysis reveals that (1) participation eagerness in sports for all influence on influence on the formation of social capital.(social capital consist of information sharing, norms, trust, network) (2) participation period of time and participation frequency in sports for all don't influence on on the formation of social capital. (3) socioeconomic background don't influence on the formation of social capital. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the eagerness in sports for all.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2021

Objective: The goal of this study is to calculate and compare the Maximum Lyapunov Exponent (MLE) for the anteroposterior, mediolateral and vertical displacement of the markers attached to bony land marks of the trunk and foot. Method: Ten young and healthy male subjects (age: 26.5±3.27 years, height: 167.44±5.12 cm, and weight 69.5±7.36) participated in the study. Three-dimensional positional coordinate of eight different trunk and foot marker during walking on tread mill were analysed. Results: MLE values for anteroposterior displacement of the marker were found to be significantly different with MLE values for mediolateral and vertical displacement whereas MLE values for mediolateral displacement of the marker shows no significant difference with the MLE values for vertical displacement of the markers at significance level 0.05. Conclusion: Finding of this study suggest that it is essential to consider the displacement in all three direction to examine the real characteristic of a gait signal.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.449-458
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• 2011

There are many functional methods for estimating the mean axis of rotation of a joint. However, it is still a controversial issue which method is superior. The purpose of this study was to compare functional methods for estimated axes of rotation from synthetic data. The comparison was made in terms of suitabilities on describing humans in sports. For a more practical situation, the axis error as well as measurement and marker movement error were applied to generated data. Simulations having 1000 times of 80 rotational displacements were performed. The functional methods used in the study were two transformation methods, two fitting methods, and one more transformation method called M. The M method is a combination of S$\ddot{o}$derk & Wedin(1993) and Mardia & Jupp(2000). Another factor of the study was angular velocity with levels of .01, .025, .05, .5 and 1 rad/s. The method M resulted in unbiased, stable, and consistent axis of rotation vectors in all levels of angular velocity except .01 rad/s. Therefore, the method M had the highest validity and reliability of all the methods. The fitting methods were very sensitive in small angular velocities and stable only in the velocities of more than .5 rad/s. The most suitable method for analyzing human motion by using marker photogrammetry is M.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.52-60
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• 2009

The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between fear-avoidance beliefs and functional status in individuals suffering from low back pain, and to identify factors that influence on fear-avoidance beliefs, functional status and pain. A cross-sectional study included 214 individuals with low back pain. Each of subjects completed a fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire (FABQ) which divided into two subscales, FABQ for physical activity (FABQ-PA) and FABQ for work(FABQ-W), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). Individuals with radiating pain were significantly higher in FABQ-PA, FABQ-total, and ODI scores than with no radiation pain (p<.05). Individuals who had received surgery were significantly higher in FABQ-PA, FABQ-total, ODI and NPRS scores when compared with individuals who had not received it (p<.05). And individuals with taking medication were significantly higher in all variables (FABQ-PA, FABQ-W, FABQ-total ODI and NPRS) than individuals not taking medication (p<.05). In correlation analysis. age appeared to be significantly correlated with FABQ-PA, FABQ-total and ODI scores (p<.05), and all variables was significantly correlated with each other (p<.01). These findings indicate that individuals suffering from low back pain have psychosocial problems such as fear-avoidance beliefs as well as functional status and pain. Fear-avoidance beliefs may contribute to aggravate physical symptoms, and therefore it should be carefully considered for the management of individuals with low back pain.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1556-1566
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Nurida-Ball exercise on isokinetic muscle function, spinal alignment, and dynamic balance capacity in middle-aged men. All middle-aged men(n=16) were divided into 2 groups: Ball exercise(BE, n=8) and control(CON, n=8) group. BE group performed the Nurida-Ball exercise(30 min/day, 3 days/week, 8 weeks) and isokinetic knee and trunk muscle function, spinal alignment, and dynamic balance capacity were measured. All of the measured variables calculated the mean and standard deviation and verified normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The independent t-test method and the Paired t-test method were then analyzed to identify differences between groups. This study found that isokinetic knee and trunk muscle function was significantly strengthened in the BE compared with CON group by increasing peak torque(PT) of right and left knee extension(60°/sec, p<0.01, respectively), average power(AP) of right and left knee extension(60°/sec, p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively), and PT of right knee flexion(180°/sec, p<0.05) and AP of right knee extension(180°/sec, p<0.05). In the change of isokinetic trunk muscle function, only PT of trunk extension(180°/sec) was increased in the BE compared with the CON group(p<0.05). In addition, Nurida-ball exercise can improve the spinal alignment by reducing the trunk inclination(p<0.05) in the BE compared with the CON group. Finally, dynamic balance capacity was also enhanced in the BE compared with the CON group by decreasing the score of overall balance index(OBI, p<0.01) and Antero-posterior balance index(p<0.05) in the Stage-6, and OBI(p<0.05) in the Stage-1. This result demonstrated that Nurida-ball exercise may improve spinal alignment, dynamic balance capacity, and isokinetic muscle function, which might be an effective way for the improvement of health-related fitness in middle-aged men.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to design the method of 3D space calibration to reduce RMSE by statistical analysis when using the DLT algorithm and control frame. Control frame for 3D space calibration was consist of $1{\times}3{\times}2m$ and 162 contort points adhere to it. For calculate of 3D coordination used two methods about 2D coordination on image frame, 2D coordinate on each image frame and mean coordination. The methods of statistical analysis used one-way ANOVA and T-test. Significant level was ${\alpha}=.05$. The compose of methods for reduce RMSE were as follow. 1. Use the control frame composed of 24-44 control points arranged equally. 2. When photographing, locate control frame to center of image plane(image frame) o. use the lens of a few distortion. 3. When calculate of 3D coordination, use mean of 2D coordinate obtainable from all image frames.