• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.45-51
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Nursing ethics education(NE) on Spiritual well-being(SW), Attitude toward death(AD) and Perception of hospice palliative care(PH) in nursing students. This research used a one group pretest-posttest experimental design. Thirty hours NE program was given to 42 nursing students for six weeks. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-test with SPSS 18.0. program. As a result, there are no significant effects of NE on SW, AD and PH. However, it was found one thing interest that neither our nursing ethics education program nor others' had significant effects on attitude toward death. Nurses provide care to people at the end of their lives more often than any other healthcare provider. Therefore it is necessary to study the development of educational programs improving positive attitude toward death.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2178-2188
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• 2012

This study is based upon 200 final responses from a survey conducted for 153 nurses and 147 nursing students in Busan and Gyeongnam province from september to october 2011. It is carried out to compare and understand the spiritual needs of nurses and nursing students that are inclined to be more exposed unhealthy people rather than healthy people. In this study, the level of spiritual care needs was divided into five fields such as 'love and fellowship', 'hope and peace', 'meaning and purpose of life', 'acceptance of death' and 'relationship with God' and was investigated. As a result, the love and fellowship was the highest level in group of nurses (r = 3.82) and the relationship with God was the lowest one (r = 2.73). In contrast, a group of nursing students showed that love and fellowship was the highest level (r = 3.92) and relationship with God was the lowest (r = 2.99) among five fields. There were statistical significances between nurses and nursing students in 'acceptance of death' and 'relationship with God' (p < 0.05). When looking at correlation between fields of spiritual needs of nurses, the correlation between 'meaning and purpose of life' and 'hope and peace' was the highest (r = .699) and the correlation between 'relationship with God' and 'hope and peace' was the lowest (r = .247). As the result of analysis on correlation between fields of spiritual needs of nursing students, the correlation between 'meaning and purpose of life' and 'hope and peace' was the highest (r = .660) and the correlation between 'acceptance of death' and 'relationship with God' was the lowest (r = .277). Therefore, it would be imperative to develop a more efficient and systemized education program for the spiritual care of nursing patients, on the basis of understanding the spiritual needs of nurses and nursing students.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.292-301
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the spiritual well-being and quality of life between hospital and home hospice patients. Methods: A total of 116 patients from 4 hospice hospitals in D city and P city participated in this study from January to April 2012. To measure spiritual well-being, an instrument developed by Paloutzian and Ellison (1982) and revised by Park (2005) was used. To measure quality of life, an instrument developed by Cho (1993) and revised by Sun (2003) was used. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-test, $x^2$-test, and ANCOVA. Results: Spiritual well-being and quality of life were higher in home hospice patients than in hospital hospice patients, but they were not statistically significant. Higher education and having religion were significantly related to higher spiritual well-being in both groups. Having religion and pain history for the past one week were significantly related to higher quality of life in both groups. Conclusion: For hospice patients, participation in religious activities needs to be encouraged to improve their spiritual well-being and quality of life. Assessing the hospice patients' pain history with close observation and managing the pain are suggested.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.117-131
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• 2021

Purpose: This study is a qualitative study that investigated the nature of Koreans' spiritual health using a hybrid model, clarifying the definition and attributes of the concept. Methods: The nature and definition of Koreans' spiritual health were identified through a review of the extensive literature at the theoretical stage and then compared with an analysis of the in-depth interview data conducted by the researcher in the fieldwork stage. Results: Koreans' spiritual health comprised nine attributes: awareness of the meaning and purpose of life, self-awareness, self-acceptance and recognition, self-transcendence, self-integration, harmony of relationships, self-actualization and development, the inner affective attributes of hope, happiness, fulfillment and thankful mind, and the interpersonal affective attributes of one connected mind, compassion, generosity and humility. The scope of the Absolute is expanded to 'heaven' and 'ancestors', and harmony with the community is emphasized. Conclusion: We have found that Koreans' spiritual health is important for total nursing care and that mental, social and physical health can be improved if spiritual health is promoted. Considering this point, personal and organizational efforts are needed to ensure that spiritual nursing is positively applied in community and clinical settings.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.132-143
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• 2003

Purpose: A descriptive correlation study was done to provide basic data for comprehensive nursing care by analyzing the, relationship between spiritual well-being and death anxiety of the elderly. Method: 358 respondents who lived in facilities for elders such as nursing homes and elder's rehabilitation centers were selected, and their age was over 65 years old. Paloutzian and Ellison(1982)'s spiritual well-being scale and Park(1989)'s death Anxiety scale was used. From August 2nd to November 7th, 2002, readymade questionnaires were handed out by the researcher to those who could fill it out and for those who could not fill out the questionnaires alone, the researcher read it and completed it by interview. The data were analyzed with SPSS Win 10.0 program, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation coefficient. Result: 1) The mean score for spiritual well being of the elderly was 43.95 in a possible range of 20-80. The mean score of religious well being was 22.22 and that of existential well being was 21.73 in a possible range of 10 - 40. 2) The mean score for death anxiety of the elderly was 109.04 in a possible range of 34 - 136. 3) There were significant differences in spiritual well being according to religion, and present occupation. 4) There were significant differences in death anxiety according to age, religion, and family status. 5) In testing concerning the relationship between spiritual well being and death anxiety, there was a statistically negative correlation(r=-.70 p=.000). Conclusion: There was a negative correlation between spiritual well being and death anxiety. When the nurse implicates the nursing intervention, which can promote the spiritual well-being, elder's death anxiety also can be released.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.13
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• pp.5499-5505
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• 2015

Background: Providing care for hematologic cancer patients may lead to many negative complications in different aspects of life in their family caregivers. Based on a wide review of relevant literature, there are limited data about the burden of giving care for hematologic cancer patients on their primary family caregivers in Iran or other Middle Eastern countries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the cancer care burden on primary family caregivers of hematologic cancer patients, in terms of physical, psychological, social, spiritual, and financial aspects. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 151 primary family caregivers of hematologic cancer patients referred to two cancer care centers in East Azerbaijan Province in northwest of Iran participated. The Financial Distress/Financial Well-being Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Vaux Social Support Questionnaire, Spiritual Well-being Scale, and SF-36 were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software. Results: The findings of this study indicated that the primary family caregivers experience a high level of financial distress and a significant percentage of them suffered from anxiety and depression. In addition, the physical quality of life in these caregivers was moderate. On the other hand, spiritual health and social support of participants was at an acceptable level. Conclusions: Iranian primary family caregivers of hematologic cancer patients experience many problems in physical, psychological, and financial aspects of their life. Therefore, developing care plans for reducing these problems appears necessary.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data to assess spiritual health of HIV/AIDS patients and devise spiritual nursing mediation plans in practical nursing work by examining the levels of spiritual wellbeing (SWB) and spiritual needs of HIV/AIDS patients'. Methods: A correlation survey study was conducted on HIV/AIDS patients age ranging from 20 to 70 years to investigate the relationship between their SWB and spiritual needs. Results: 1. Average scores of HIV/AIDS patients' related to SWB were found to be higher than the intermediate level: 54.59 in SWB; more specifically, 27.78 in existential well-being and 26.80 in religious well-being. 2. Average score of for HIV/AIDS patients' spiritual needs was 108.67: More specifically, 37.80 in the needs of love and interest, 42.35 in the needs of seeking meanings and purposes, and 28.51 in the needs of wanting to be forgiven. 3. Concerning the correlation between SWB and spiritual needs, the total SWB and total spiritual needs of HIV/AIDS patients' showed a weak positive correlation (r=0.344, P=0.013). Conclusion: The result of the study showed that SWB and spiritual needs of HIV/AIDS patients' are higher than the average scores, and these two parameters have a weak positive correlation, indicating that HIV/AIDS patients have strong spiritual needs of seeking meanings and purposes. Therefore, more studies on the spiritual nursing mediation plans are needed in order to raise their spiritual well-being levels and meet their spiritual needs through precise assessment.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.975-984
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the good death awareness, spiritual well-being, and elderly nursing performance of geriatric hospital nursing providers, and the factors affecting the elderly nursing performance. The subjects were collected from 176 nursing providers in 5 Geriatric hospitals located in D, S, and C provinces. Collected data were analyzed by means, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis using spss 22.0. The result showed that good death awareness was 3.15 out of 4 points, spiritual well-being was 4.11 out of 6 points, and 4.15 out of 5 points for elderly nursing performance. There was a positive correlation between the elderly care performance and good death awareness (r=.19, p=.011) and spiritual well-being (r=.23, p=.002). The factors affecting the performance of elderly nursing were good death perception(${\beta}=.18$, p=.015) and spiritual well-being(${\beta}=.18$, p=.013). Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop an intervention program that considers good death and spiritual well-being in order to improve the elderly nursing care performance of geriatric hospital Nursing providers.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2004

Purpose: A quantitative descriptive study aimed to identify the relationships between spiritual well-being and perception attitudes of death in nursing students. Methods: A survey was conducted and 175 data were collected. Collected data were computed and analyzed using SPSS10.0 for Win. 1) Descriptive statistics were used to identify demographic data, and 2) both t-test and ANOVA statistics were used to figure out the relationships between spiritual well-being /or perception attitudes of death and demographic data of the participants. 3) Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to identify the relationships between the two main variables. Results: 1) The mean of spiritual well-being score of the participants was $50.9943{\pm}10.7235$. Significant relationships between religion /or doing economic activity and spiritual well-being were found. 2) The mean of perception attitudes of death was $20.4914{\pm}2.6280$. There were significant relationships between gender /or age and perception attitudes of death among participants. 3) A strong positive relationship between spiritual well-being and perception attitudes of death of participants was also found(r=.261, P=.000). Conclusion: The study results shows that spiritual well-being of nursing students as caregivers of terminal patients is important when the perception of death of terminal patients is considered. Previous studies indicate that caregivers' perception attitudes impact on those of terminal patients. Therefore, it is suggested that not only perception attitudes of death and spiritual well-being in terminal patients, but also those of caregivers are importantly required to consider in educational programs in relation to spiritual care of terminal patients.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.50-62
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• 2005

The elderly people was over 8.3% in 2003. This seament is projected to grow to 14.4% by 2019(Aged society) and over 20% by 2026(Super aged society). As the elderly population is increasing and young population is declined social issues around elderly care are emerged in Korea. As a result of that, they are in the condition of poor system of the welfare of the old and it is the worst one in Korea. And because of the worst financial independence and difficulty in Korea, welfare facilities and medical instruments are so insufficient and deteriorated, so the quality of service is getting low. Furthermore the mortality of cancer is rapidely increased in recent years. So it is expected that the number of families who are caring for terminal cancer patient will be increased. We can not solve those problems only with government's policy such as to secure ample budget and to enlarge the aged welfare institutions. Definitely, to acheve the suggetions persistence concern about old people is most important, and family, community and national government should be linked to accomplish to goal. Accordingly, for this study attempts to provide conceptual framework of the respite care, spiritual care and home hospice, nursing home for the elderly. And this study is to discuss the necessity and effect about the construction of housing welfare infrastructure and to make a cooperation and linkage system among the aged welfare institutions, government and the aged welfare programs. As is well known, the issue of the increasing aged people is neither a matter of individuals nor of the family, but rather a complex matter of whol society. Therefore it can be resolved by the active participation of government. Conclusively this study tries to provide an direction of the improvement with regard to the welfare policy for the elderly. The study is as follwos: Chapters 1: The theological base, conception, essentiality, respite care, spiritual care and home hospice, nursing home for the elderly. Chapters 2: Definitions of respite care, spiritual care, hospice, patient of termina cancer and quality of life. And relations between respite care and nursing home. Chapters 3: The necessity of long-term care insurance and the perspectives of spiritual care. Chapters 4: Conclusions and summarizing(The directions of improvement of welfare policy for the elderly). To sum up, the problems of the aged people has not effects only to the aged people. This means that the problems of aged is the problems of the young generation today. Because young generation will be the old generation in the near future.