• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.847-855
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was done to develop a bereaved family care program by identifying characteristics of a grief healing process in a child loss. Method: The subjects were five bereaved mothers who have lost their children with cancer. Data was collected with in-depth interviews using grief phase assessment tool and grief reaction assessment tool from 1, February, 2001 to 31 August, 2002. Data was analyzed on the basis of two tools. Result: Process of grief in general was as follows: evading phase was within one week - one month, confrontation phase was 5 - 12 months, and reconciliation phase was after 9 months and still going on when the study was finished. Grief reaction in five (physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and spiritual) dimensions was stabilized when the phase moved into reconciliation phase. Influencing factors were intimacy and expectation towards child, social support, personality, prior loss experience, coping style, religion, culture, family cohesion, openness of communication, and stress events. Conclusion: These results suggest that a bereaved family care program considering characteristics of Korean culture should be developed and activated.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

목적: 본 연구는 암환자 가족돌봄자의 외상 후 성장수준과 이에 관련된 인구사회학적 및 돌봄관련 특성들을 심층 분석하여 암환자 가족돌봄자의 간호중재 모색에 활용하고자 시도되었다. 방법: 연구의 대상은 부산광역시에 소재하는 두 개의 종합병원과 일개의 대학병원에서 입원 및 외래 치료를 받고 있는 201명의 암환자의 가족돌봄자이다. 외상 후 성장은 한국판 외상 후 성장 척도(Korean posttraumatic growth inventory, K-PTGI)로 측정하였다. 수집된 자료는 IBM SPSS Statistics 21 프로그램을 이용하여 서술통계, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's test로 분석하였다. 결과: 대상자의 외상 후 성장 점수 평균은 3.10점이었다. 하위 요인별로는 자기 지각의 변화, 대인관계의 깊이 증가, 새로운 가능성의 발견, 영적 종교적 관심의 증가 순이었다. 대상자들의 인구사회학적 특성과 돌봄 관련 특성에 따른 외상 후 성장 수준의 차이는 나이, 종교, 종교생활의 중요성, 돌봄으로 인한 일상생활의 어려움 정도에 따라 차이가 있었다. 결론: 암환자에 대한 질적인 간호를 제공함에 있어 환자뿐 아니라 가족돌봄자들도 포함해야 한다. 또한 암환자 가족돌봄자가 환자의 암 투병 경험에서 궁극적인 성장에 도달할 수 있도록 자신들의 영적 종교적 신념을 유지할 수 있는 영적 간호중재 개발이 필요하다고 본다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2002

The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify the nursing needs of patients with chronic illness. Method: The subjects of this study were 636 patients with chronic illness, 323 general nurses, and 106 public health nurses. The instruments used for this study were questionnaires including perceived functions of nursing from the center for chronic illness, preference to placement, intention to use, needs to receive services from the center for chronic illness, strategies management for nursing, and nursing needs of chronically ill patients. Results: The mean of perceived functions for nursing from the center were 3.1(0.5) in public health nurses, 2.9 (0.59) in general nurses, and 2.4(1.33) in chronically ill patients. Regards of needs to receive on services of the nursing centers were, the regularly physical examination, for health educational services which was perceived highest request amongst chronically ill patients. We found the means of each specific need as 2.2(0.6), for physical health, 2.1(0.7), for psychosocial health, and 1.8(0.6) for spiritual health. Conclusion: From the results of this study, it is suggested that establishing a nursing center for chronically ill patients consider physical, psychosocial, for spiritual health needs of chronically ill patients. It is also a consideration that direct care for symptom management and health education in the nursing center be implemented.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.199-209
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the meaning of prayer in Christian patients with breast cancer. Methods: Data collection and analysis were conducted by the Colaizzi analysis of phenomenological method. Data were collected by in-depth interviewing the participants and by further follow-up observations. Sixteen patients participated in this study. Results: The significant statements (188), formulated meanings (42), themes (38), clusters of theme (10), and categories (5) were emerged. The 5 categories were as follows: communication with God, healing and peace, spiritual growth, distrust in prayer, and method of prayer. Conclusion: Further studies need to consider the period of faith, comparison between christian and other religions, and length of diagnosis. A better understanding of the meaning of prayer will lead to a more comprehensive view of the spiritual care for patients with breast cancer, and can lead to guidelines for assessment and intervention to reduce suffering from cancer.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2017

인간의 영혼에 대한 보살핌은 양질의 임종간호의 핵심 요소이다. 의미치료는 인간의 주요 동기가 삶의 의미와 목적을 발견하는 것이라는 전제에 기반을 두고 있으며, 호스피스 간호에서 환자, 가족 및 사랑하는 사람들에 대한 보살핌에 도움이 될 수 있다. 자신의 인생 경험, 가치관, 태도에 관한 질문을 제기할 때 소크라테스식 대화법을 사용하는 것은 성찰을 불러 일으키는 유용한 방법이다. 마지막 순간까지도 의미의 추구를 위한 지침은 세 가지 범주의 과제 또는 행동, 사랑과 아름다움의 경험 및 변화될 수 없는 운명에도 불구하고 선택된 태도들에서 찾을 수 있다. 자기 초월, 또는 다른 사람들의 이익을 위해 자아를 벗어나는 것은 삶에 의미를 부여할 수 있다. 고난에는 의미가 없지만 고난에도 불구하고 의미를 찾을 수 있다. 의미 중심의 치료 프로토콜의 적용이라는 새로 급성장하는 연구는 영적안녕과 삶의 의미 및 목적에 대한 인식을 향상시키는 데 유망하다.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.109-122
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• 2023

Purpose : This study aims to explore nursing activities after the decision to discontinue life-sustaining treatment, awareness of a good death, and perception of life-sustaining treatment decisions among nurses in intensive care units (ICUs) at tertiary general hospitals. Methods : Participants were 173 nurses working in two tertiary general hospitals. The data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using an independent t-test, paired t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé's test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results : Participants were 173 nurses working in two tertiary hospitals. The nursing activity increase was the greatest in the spiritual domain, and the physical domain was where the activities decreased the most. There were significant associations between Awareness of good death (Clinical) and Perception of life-sustaining treatment decision(r=.26, p <.001), Awareness of good death (Closure) and Perception of life-sustaining treatment decision(r=.36, p <.001), and Awareness of good death (Personal control) and Perception of life-sustaining treatment decision(r=.49, p <.001). Conclusion : Based on the results, systematic education programs and job training are required to improve the awareness regarding good death and perception of life-sustaining treatment decision for nurses in ICUs where discontinuing life-sustaining treatment decisions are made.

• 호스피스학술지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.14-25
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• 2005

This study was conducted to examine the present state, types of services, difficulties, education programs, motivation, satisfaction and attitude of hospice volunteers and also to suggest supporting programs for the volunteer. For these purposes, a questionnaire was distributed among the 200 hospice volunteers in ten hospice organizations in Daejeon and Chungcheong province. In this research, 85.5% of the respondents were women and most of them were housewives in their forties and fifties. The majority of hospice volunteers had an education background of more than high school. Christianity (94%) was the dominant religion of volunteers. Among the service area of the hospice, emotional caring, such as listening closely and establishing empathy were the most frequently done by the respondents and the next one was spiritual care. Hospice volunteers who had started with altruistic motivation show more dynamic activities in emotional, spiritual, physical caring and so on, than those with non-altruistic motivation. Most of the respondents expressed that they felt a hospice volunteer was valuable. However they had a hard time to overcome the sorrow coming from sharing empathy with the dying patients. Those who had started with altruistic motivation usually took part in two times per a week and had more positive attitude. Volunteers who had been working more than five years showed better attitude than those who had been working less than three years. The longer the voluntary services, the more positive attitude experienced by volunteers. Hospice volunteers encountered the most considerable difficulty with lack of background knowledge and their actual capability. Insufficiency of time was the next reason for the considerable difficulty of the hospice volunteer. On the other hand, those who served more than twice per week replied that lack of background knowledge and their capability were the least considerable difficulty. Insufficiency of time was the reason of difficulty for male volunteers, as well as for females under thirty and those in their forties and fifties respectively. Generally most of the hospice volunteers (70%) were satisfied with their services and they usually satisfied with physical caring, spiritual caring, hospice's family caring. The less difficulty in voluntary services, more satisfaction for the volunteers in the end. There is a positive correlation between a attitude of the hospice volunteer and frequency of voluntary services while the volunteers' difficulty affect negatively their attitude as well as the frequency of voluntary services. Most of the hospice volunteers want to have more education about basic skills, volunteer's attitude and role, spirituality, the way of attending on the hospice and so on. Most of them considered discussion and sharing different cases as the most effective method. They also wish to had more supporting programs for the hospice volunteers(in the order of their needs) such as regular events, newsletters, personal concern, social meetings among the volunteers, insurance and minimum expenses. Based on the study results, more programs should be run in order to activate the voluntary services regardless of their gender and education background. A continuous practical supporting policy and education programs are required in order to provide special education and training courses considering every field of voluntary services. Expanding the role of the volunteers allows them more opportunities to take part in voluntary services and th activate participation. It is necessary to establish a new hospice system as a part public medical system, which can not only facilitate the voluntary services for a hospice but also enhance professional hospice volunteers. Finally, experts are needed to operate the voluntary services effectively.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.229-239
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• 2005

Purpose: The objective of this study was to provide an understanding of the difficulties for facing parents of children with terminal cancer. Method: The design of this study was an inductive and descriptive study. Thirty???]one parents of children with terminal cancer participated in???]depth were interviewed s. C in depth and content analysis was used for analyzing the data. Results: The main categories in the findings were 'difficulties in coping', 'physical and psychological suffering of children', 'suffering of family', 'bereavement with children', 'economic problems', 'incurable situation', 'preparation of death', 'social isolation', 'coping after a child dies', 'spiritual problems', receiving active treatment', 'informing children of their condition', 'a sense of meaninglessness', 'emotional iunstability', and 'giving up hope'. Conclusion: The main point identified from this result in this study was that parents who have a child with terminal cancer don't never give up the hope of recovery for their child even when the child is in by the terminal stage of their children, even though and they are unwillingly to prepare for their child's death. This is a unique characteristic in the attitude of the families' attitude in child hospice care and differs from that found in adult hospice care. This result can be used as an important guide for nurses to in assessing the parents' needs in the terminal care setting.

• 호스피스학술지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.54-63
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to examine the requirement for child life support specialist and fetal education for children with cancer. This research presented was composed with three chapters : First chapter, I presented the purpose, scope and definitions of this research. Second chapter, I defined about hospice care service for children with cancer and kind of pediatric cancer. And general characteristics of children with cancer, a understanding character of death and dietary therapy. Lastly, I defined and investigated about spiritual care. Third chapter, I concluded with some of findings and final suggestions based on the results. According to the developmental stages children with cancer are disability of communication competence and more dependence on their parents, therefore parents' decision making were more difficulty. And parents with a child who suffers from a cancer needs a counseling in order to discover the meaning of life. Parents' psychological experience about the caring for their child suffering from pediatric cancer was equal to broken hearts due to shadow of the child's death from time to time. In other words a parents with a child who suffers from a cancer needs comprehensive services such as hospice, consultor as well as wide experienced pediatrician and nurse. Child life support specialist can help them recover and improve their o주 potential strength in behalf of overcoming their difficulties. And pastoral counseling can help them reduce the fear and anxiety about unknown world and death. The systematically developed a school-based counseling program would help children adjust to the difficulties after a perfect cure because of children adjusted to school well when they have good peer relationships.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 1998

목적 : 오늘날 호스피스 운동은 만성질환자가 급격히 증가함에 따라 인간의 삶을 추구하여 이루어낸 가장 완벽한 대답의 하나가 되고 있다. 우리의 1996년, 1997년의 연구에서 말기환자와 그 가족들에 대한 조사를 통해 한국 호스피스의 현재 상황을 파악하였다. 또한 호스피스케어 팀과 자원봉사자와 호스피스환자 관리를 위한 정보서비스 시스템을 개발하였다. 본 연구는 호스피스 정보서비스 시스템를 통한 간호사의 가정방문 호스피스케어와 그 문제점을 분석하였다. 방법 : 1997년 10월 1일부터 1998년 3월 31일까지 서울대학교병원 등에서 의뢰받은 26명의 말기암환자를 대상으로 하였다. 데이터 베이스와 홈페이지를 통해 호스피스케어에 필요한 정보를 갖춘 호스피스 정보서비스 시스템을 인터넷을 통해 방문간호사에게 제공하였고 방문간호사들은 이 시스템을 교육받고 환자 방문시 노트북 컴퓨터를 소지하여 호스피스 정보서비스 시스템을 통해 호스피스케어를 제공하였으며 첫 방문시와 호스피스케어동안에 환자들의 신체적 심리적 사회적 자료를 수집하였다. 결과 : 연구기간동안 26명중 16명이 사망하였으며 사망자의 평균 생존기간은 20.7일이었다. 첫 방문시 식욕부진(96.2%), 거동장애(88.5%), 통증(84.6%)이 주요한 증상이었으며 226개의 간호진단 중 영양부족과 통증이 가장 흔한 진단이었다. 가족은 환자보다 호스피스케어를 더 잘 이해하고 더 요구하였다. 대부분의 환자와 가족들은 간호사에게 영적 사회적 간호를 요구하지 않았다. 결론 : 시범사업을 통해 환자와 방문 호스피스 간호사에게 통증과 영양 관리에 대한 보다 많은 정보를 제공하여야 하여야 함을 알 수 있었다. 호스피스 정보서비스 시스템은 영적 사회적 케어에 대한 정보와 인력을 보안되어질 필요가 있다.