• 음성과학
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.183-201
• /
• 2008

This study attempted to reveal the physiologic etiology or related factors associated with speech processing by comparing the compensation ability in speech motor control in children with and without articulation disorders. Subjects were 35 children with articulation disorder and 35 children without articulation disorder whose age ranged from 5 to 6 years. They were asked to rapidly repeat /$p^ha$/, /$t^ha$/, /$k^ha$/, /$p^hat^hak^ha$/ diadochokinetic movement while mandible was free and mandible was stabilized with bite block. The results showed that children with articulation disorder revealed significantly greater difference in elapsed time for diadochokinetic movement between mandible free and stabilized state compared to the without articulation disorder group. But the correlation between the percentage of consonants correct and the compensation ability in speech motor control in the articulation disorder group was irrelevant. These results point out to the fact that children with articulation disorder have poor compensation ability in speech motor control compared to the children without articulation disorder. On the other hand, the poor ability does not have any relation with the severity of articulation disorder. These results suggest either general or individual characteristics of children with articulation disorder.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.19-29
• /
• 2018

The present study investigated whether there are differences in articulation rate by gender, age, and individual speakers in a spontaneous speech corpus produced by 40 Seoul Korean speakers. This study measured their articulation rates using a second-per-syllable metric and a syllable-per-second metric. The findings are as follows. First, in spontaneous Seoul Korean speech, there was a gender difference in articulation rates only in age group 10-19, among whom men tended to speak faster than women. Second, individual speakers showed variability in their rates of articulation. The tendency for some speakers to speak faster than others was variable. Finally, there were metric differences in articulation rate. That is, regarding the coefficients of variation, the values of the second-per-syllable metric were much higher than those for the syllable-per-second metric. The articulation rate for the syllable-per-second metric tended to be more distinct among individual speakers. The present results imply that data gathered in a corpus of Seoul Korean spontaneous speech may reflect speaker-specific differences in articulatory movements.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.39-54
• /
• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 L2KSC(외국어로서의 한국어 음성 말뭉치)의 한국어 부분에서 한국어 낭독과 자유 발화를 분석하여 음성 유형의 운율 차이를 명확히 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 문장의 조음 길이, 조음 속도, 한 문장 내 휴지 길이 및 휴지 빈도, 문장 F0값을 변수로 설정하고 통계적 방법론(t-검정, 상관 분석, 회귀 분석)을 통해 분석하였다. 실험결과, 낭독과 자유 발화는 각 문장을 구성하는 운율구 형태가 구조적으로 달랐는데 각 발화 유형을 구별하는 운율적 요소로는 조음 길이, 휴지 길이, 휴지 빈도로 나타났다. 통계적 결과에서는 낭독 발화는 조음 속도와 조음 길이의 상관관계가 가장 높았는데, 이는 주어진 문장이 길수록 화자가 더 빨리 말하는 것을 설명하였다. 그러나 자유 발화에서는 문장의 조음 길이와 휴지 빈도 사이의 관계가 높았다. 전반적으로 자유 발화에서는 문장을 만들기 위해 짧은 억양구가 지속적으로 만들어지는데, 그런 이유로 더 많은 휴지가 발생하여 문장이 더 길어지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.27-39
• /
• 2017

This paper deals with how speech rate in Korean is affected by the sociolinguistic factors such as region, gender and generation. Speech rate was quantified as articulation rate (excluding physical pauses) and speaking rate (including physical pauses), both expressed as the number of syllables per second (sps). Other acoustic measures such as pause frequency and duration were also examined. Four hundred twelve subjects were chosen from Korean Standard Speech Database considering their age, gender and region. The result shows that generation has a significant effect on both speaking rate and articulation rate. Younger speakers produce their speech with significantly faster speaking rate and articulation rate than older speakers. Mean duration of total pause interval and the total number of pause of older speakers are also significantly different to those of younger speakers. Gender has a significant effect only on articulation rate, which means male speakers' speech rate is characterized by faster articulation rate, longer and more frequent pauses. Finally, region has no effect both on speaking and articulation rates.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.193-200
• /
• 2004

This was a preliminary study for standardizing speech rate and fluency of normal adult Korean speakers and comparing speech rate and fluency of normal speakers with those of professional speakers. The purposes of this study were to investigate (a) the speech rates (the overall speech rate and the articulation rate) and the disfluency characteristics of normnal adult speakers and (b) the speech rates (the overall speech rate and the articulation rate) and the disfluency characteristics between normal adult speakers and professional speakers. The results were as follows: The most frequent disfluency type was 'interjection' in story-telling, 'revision' in text reading and announcing of professional speakers. The professional speakers had the fastest speech rates (overall speech rate and articulation rate) among the 3 groups.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.175-177
• /
• 2010

Ppupose: Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) during articulation development period can cause compensatory articulation like glottal stop, which can maintain VPI symptoms such as hypernasality and nasal emission despite of recovered velopharyngeal function. Methods: A girl visited our department with speech problems such as hypernasality, compensatory articulation patterns, and nasal air emission. She had history of postpalatoplasty fistula which was repaired after 1 year follow-up. Results: After treated with speech therapy without surgery, her hypernasal speech problem was corrected. From this, we could assume that the fistula during articulation development period induced VPI, which leads to glottal substitution and this compensatory articulation maintained VPI though the fistula was repaired. Conclusion: In this report, we could observe that palatal fistula in articulation development period can have detrimental effect on articulation, and also we could confirm that evaluation of soft palate mechanism with using speech sample without compensatory articulations prevent the patient from unnecessary operation.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association among articulation rate, speech intelligibility and working memory in children with dysarthria. Two subject groups of 11 spastic and 11 flaccid dysarthria, respectively, aged between 8 and 17 years of age participated in this study. All participants were administered the following tests: K-WISC III PIQ test, speech intelligibility, working memory and articulation rate. Group differences were compared by an independent t-test. Pearson correlation were computed between all measures. The results of this study are as follows: First, articulation rate and intelligibility were significantly lower for the spastic dysarthria than for the flaccid dysarthria. Second, there was a significant correlation between articulation rate and intelligibility in children with flaccid dysarthria. Lastly, there was no significant correlation between articulation rate and working memory in both groups. The results suggest that articulation rate is not necessarily accompanied by working memory capacity in children with dysarthria, and there are differences in the effect of articulation rate on intelligibility depending on the type of dysarthria.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.73-87
• /
• 2007

The aim of this study was to examine the articulation characteristics of preschool children in the bilingual or monolingual environment. Subjects included 23 children of 4 to 6 years old in the bilingual environment, and 19 children of monolingual environment. Their speech was evaluated in terms of articulation correctness and intelligibility by the author and a speech therapist. Results showed as the following: First, there were some significant differences between bilingual and monolingual children in the percentage of consonants correctly articulated. But there was no significant difference between their language environment or ages in the percentage of vowels correctly articulated. Second, there were some significant differences between the bilingual and monolingual children in the intelligibility of word articulation. Also, there were some significant differences between the two language groups in the sentence intelligibility. There was a high positive correlation between the word and sentence intelligibility.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.1585-1588
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical application of oriental medical therapy(OMT) to Speech retardation complained problems of Articulation & Reading fluency. We treated the patient with OMT & others. The recovery of Speech retardation was evaluated by Articulation correction test(ACT) & Reading fluency test(RFT). The applicability of OMT & other therapy has positive effects on the patient with Speech retardation complained problems of Articulation & Reading fluency. The scores of ACT & RFT were increased.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.169-183
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find an effect of Metaphon Intervention on the improvement of speech intelligibility of preschool children with articulation-phonological disorders. Subjects were 4 preschool children with articulation-phonological disorders. A multiple baseline design across subjects was used to examine the effect of the program. The program consisted of 2 steps. The first step was composed of concept level, sound level, phoneme level, and word level. The second step was on sentence level. Results were as follows: First, metaphon ability of all subjects was improved after the Metaphon Intervention. Second, speech intelligibility of all subjects was improved after Metaphon Intervention. From the results above, Metaphon Intervention can be effective to improve not only phonological awareness and metaphon but also overall speech intelligibility of preschool children with articulation-phonological disorders.