• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.515-530
• /
• 2007

Stratum-specific likelihood ratio, which is ratio of the sensitivity to 1-the specificity in each stratum of the test, could be biased if the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic test are affected by verification bias. Therefore, the optimal cutoff point determined by biased stratum-specific likelihood ratios is incorrect. In this study, we derived adjusted stratum-specific likelihood ratios using the adjusted sensitivity and specificity, and obtained the adjusted optimal cutoff point. The influence of the verification bias on the optimal cutoff point was described through the relation between adjusted and unadjusted stratum-specific likelihood ratios.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.15-21
• /
• 2000

This study presents a procedure for analyzing chip-tool friction and shear processes in 3-D cutting with a single point tool. The edge of a single point tool including a circular nose is modified to an equivalent straight edge, thereby reducing the 3-D cutting with a single point tool to the equivalent of oblique cutting. Then, by transforming the conventional coordinate systems and using the measurements of three cutting force components, the force components on the rake face and shear plane of the equivalent oblique cutting system can be obtained. As a result, the chip-tool friction and shear characteristics of 3-D cutting with a single point tool can be assessed.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2006

Objectives : The aim of this study was to show the rationale of point-selection on the methods of acupuncture and moxibustion in the Shin section(in the Naegyeong chapter) of the Donguibogam. Methods : First, We summarized the cause of each disease in the Shin section(in the Naegyeong chapter) of the Donguibogam. Then, We explained the rationale of acupuncture point-selection referring to the cause of disease, physiology of the Oriental medicine, exposition of acupuncture point name, character of each acupuncture points, flow of meridian pathways and specific acupuncture points etc. Results and Conclusions : Total 44 acupuncture points were used in the Shin section(in the Naegyeong chapter) of the Donguibogam. Most of acupuncture points were specific acupuncture points. but, some rationale of acupuncture point-selection were explained by the cause of disease, physiology of the Oriental medicine, exposition of acupuncture point name, flow of meridian pathways etc.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.29 no.9
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 2015

Minimal line length enables low-cost construction of the transmission lines and low-loss transportation of electric power. This paper presents a derivation to determine the coordinate and length of the straight line that minimally connects two perpendicular lines x-axis and y-axis via a specific point, using the optimization technique. The author shows a formula to obtain the minimal length, which is represented by the cube root of the coordinate given by the specific point. Case studies have been also discussed to prove the optimal solutions derived by the proposed formula.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.6 no.2 s.12
• /
• pp.133-141
• /
• 1998

Terrain modelling is composed of a method using the rectangular grid and another using the triangulated irregular network. The method using the triangulated irregular network is most widely used because it can express the characteristics of the terrain well with only a small amount of information on the terrain and also reduces the rendering time. The process of extracting the surface-specific point and a triangular process is needed to construct such triangulated irregular network. This paper concentrates on the process of extracting the surface-specific point. The 8-direction neighborhood method and other transformed methods of the former method are frequently used to extract the surface-specific point. Another method which eliminates the unnecessary points using the Polygon reduction method is also suggested However, the 8-direction neighborhood method has a big fault of also drawing out some unnecessary points. To resolve such problem, we suggest a method of extracting the surface-specific point using the cross section of the terrain. This method reduces the time to extract the surface-specific point and enables a more precise extraction with less terrain information.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.190-196
• /
• 1999

In this study, a procedure for analyzing chip-tool friction and shear processes in 3-D cutting with a single point tool has been established. The edge of a single point tool including circular nose is modified to the equivalent straight edge, then 3-D cutting with a single point tool is reduced to equivalent oblique cutting. Transforming the conventional coordinate systems and using the measured three component of cutting forces, force components on the rake face and the shear plane of the equivalent oblique cutting system can be obtained. And it can be possible to assess the chip-tool friction and shear characteristics in 3-D cutting with a single point tool.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.183-194
• /
• 2009

Objectives : This study aims to show the rationale of point-selection with regard to acupuncture and moxibustion as described in the Hand section(the Oehyeong chapter) of Dong Ui Bo Gam. Methods : First, the cause of each disease in the Hand section(the Oehyeong chapter) of Dong Ui Bo Gam was summarized, based on which the rationale of acupoint-selection with regard to the cause of disease, physiology of the Oriental medicine, properties of each acupoints, flow of meridian pathways and specific acupoints, etc. Results and Conclusions : The most of the acupoints referred to in the Hand section(the Oehyeong chapter) of Dong Ui Bo Gam, belong to the area surrounding the tender point. Still, when a point around the tender point is taken, it does not simply mean it works because of its proximity to the spot of a specific symptom. Rather, such acupoint-selection should be explained by the cause of disease, physiology of the Oriental Medicine and properties of each acupoint along with aspects such as the flow of meridian pathways and properties of specific acupoint.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.191-202
• /
• 2010

The porosity (including the specific surface area and pore volume-diameter distribution) of montmorillonitic soft rock (MSR) was studied experimentally with an electrochemical treatment, based on which the change in porosity was further analyzed from the perspective of its electrokinetic potential (${\zeta}$ potential) and the isoelectric point of the electric double layer on the surface of the soft rock particles. The variation between the ${\zeta}$ potential and porosity was summarized, and used to demonstrate that the properties of softening, degradation in water, swelling, and disintegration of MSR can be modified by electrochemical treatment. The following conclusions were drawn. The specific surface area and total pore volume decreased, whereas the average pore diameter increased after electrochemical modification. The reduction in the specific surface area indicates a reduction in the dispersibility and swelling-shrinking of the clay minerals. After modification, the ${\zeta}$ potential of the soft rock was positive in the anodic zone, there was no isoelectric point, and the rock had lost its properties of softening, degradation in water, swelling, and disintegration. The ${\zeta}$ potential increased in the intermediate and cathodic zones, the isoelectric point was reduced or unchanged, and the rock properties are reduced. When the ${\zeta}$ potential is increased, the specific surface area and the total pore volume were reduced according to the negative exponent law, and the average pore diameter increased according to the exponent law.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.197-211
• /
• 2018

The study presents the earthquake performance of the Bosphorus Bridge under multi-point earthquake excitation considering the spatially varying site-specific earthquake motions. The elaborate FE model of the bridge is firstly established depending on the new considerations of the used FEM software specifications, such as cable-sag effect, rigid link and gap elements. The modal analysis showed that singular modes of the deck and the tower were relatively effective in the dynamic behavior of the bridge due to higher total mass participation mass ratio of 80%. The parameters and requirements to be considered in simulation process are determined to generate the spatially varying site-specific ground motions. Total number of twelve simulated ground motions are defined for the multi-support earthquake analysis (Mp-sup). In order to easily implement multi-point earthquake excitation to the bridge, the practice-oriented procedure is summarized. The results demonstrated that the Mp-sup led to high increase in sectional forces of the critical components of the bridge, especially tower base section and tensile force of the main and back stay cables. A close relationship between the dynamic response and the behavior of the bridge under the Mp-sup was also obtained. Consequently, the outcomes from this study underscored the importance of the utilization of the multi-point earthquake analysis and the necessity of considering specifically generated earthquake motions for suspension bridges.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.46 no.5
• /
• pp.270-275
• /
• 2013

It is essential to analyze rare mutations in many fields of biomedical research. However, the detection of rare mutations is usually failed due to the interference of predominant wild-type DNA surrounded. Herein we describe a sensitive and facile method of detecting rare point mutation on the basis of allele-specific amplification in emulsion PCR. The identification and selective amplification of rare mutation are accomplished in one-pot reaction. The allele-specific primers coupled on magnetic beads allow the exclusive amplification and enrichment of the mutant amplicons. The productive beads bearing mutant amplicons are subsequently stained with the fluorescent dyes. Thus, the rare point mutations with a percentage as low as 0.1%, can be detected by fluorescent analysis. The relative percentages of mutation among different samples can be roughly accessed by counting the fraction of fluorescent positive beads through flow cytometry.