• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.331-342
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• 1990

Analysis of vegetation on the pavements and under the trees of streets in Seoul city were investigated from July to November 1989. All of the vascular herbs were 9 orders, 13 families, 30 genera, 37 species and 1 forma. Species diversity and evenness index were higher on the pavements than under the trees of streets. Eragrostis multicaulis with C-4 pathway was a dominant species, and next orders of importace values were Eleusine indica(C-4), Digitaria sanguinalis(C-4), Taraxacum officinale(C-3) and Erigeron annus(C-3). On the pavements and under the trees of streets, light intensity and surface temperature were very high, Also, these sites were affected by many kinds of human interferences. Therefore, it was an example of adaptation to specific ecological environments that C-4 plats were more dominant than C-3, growth forms of C-3 plants were rosette or prostrate, and annual or biennial plants were distributed in these studied sites. Generally, fruits types were grains, achens and capsules. Seeds were very small and some had appendages such as pappus.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.177-185
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• 1995

To investigate vegetation structure and succession of forest in the Deokyusan National Park, field survey was performed from July to September, 1992 and the results were as follows; The forest vegetation of Deokyusan National Park was classified into four communities by the factor of altitude. The successional trends of tree species by DCA ordination seem to be from Pinus densiflora to Carpinus laxiflora and Betula schmiatii and also, Quercus spp. through Cornus walter and Platycarya strobilacea to Q. mongolica, Abies holophylla and Taxus cuspidata. The diversity indices seemed to be affected by the factors of altitude. Especially, evenness showed several difference according to altitude. Comparing vegetation structure of lower layer for the recess system and one others, more number of species and species diversity were observed.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.302-313
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• 2014

This study was conducted to compare the characteristics of fish distribution according to sand type stream and cobble type stream the 4 stream selected every season. The collected Korea endemic species during the survey period were 24, including Acheilognathus gracilis. Dominant species of Hongcheon stream and Muju Namdae stream was Zacco koreanus, each accounting for 39.9% and 28.4% in order, and dominant species in Yanghwa stream was Rhodeus notatus, 13.6%, and those in Gap stream was Z. platypus, by 26.0%. As a result of community analysis, dominant index was 0.27~0.63, diversity index was 1.92~2.67, evenness index was 0.6~0.79, richness index was 3.09~3.53, and dominant index was the highest in Hongcheon stream, and the indices of diversity, evenness and richness were the highest in Yanghwa stream. As a result of tolerance guild analysis, Hongcheon stream and Muju Namdae stream with a variety of substrates accounted for relatively higher rate by 50.1% and 46.4% in sensitive species respectively, and Yanghwa stream and Gap stream with greater sand substrates had 0.5% and 5.3% scarce rate of sensitive species. As a result of similarity analysis using the species, population and substrate structures of the fisheries appeared in each stream, cobble type streams such as Hongcheon stream and Muju Namdae stream were the most similar by 50.4% in species and population, 95.2% in bed structure. As a result of IBI analysis, Hongcheon stream and Muju Namdae stream appeared as 'Class A,' Yanhwa stream and Gap stream as 'Class B' and the two groups of cobble type stream and sand type stream were divided as a result of principal components analysis.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.332-342
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• 2007

Species composition and quantitative and body length composition of the ichthyoplankton were investigated by samples collected from the coastal waters of uljin in January, April, July and October, 2002. During the study, the collected fish eggs were identified as belonging to 7 taxa. The most of dominant species Engraulis japonicus, were accounted for 38.34% of the total fish eggs, followed by Sillago sihama (25.84%). The collected larvae and juveniles were identified into 25 taxa, 18 families, 7 orders. The domninant species Engraulis japonicus accounted for 90.46% of the total larvae and juveniles, followed by Sebastes schlegeli 2.04%. These 2 taxa constituted 92.50% of the total collected larvae and juveniles. The diversity index of species per months of the collected juveniles the coastal water of Uljin, 2002 was 0.0878~2.3855 and the evenness index was 0.0451~0.9300. in case of dominance index was 0.3000~0.9914 against the evenness index. The analyzed species diversity index by the each stations was 0.3035~0.7440 and the dominance index was 0.8919~0.9669 against the species diversity index. The similarity of community structure per season was very high because of the relative difference (0.010), which was the least in Summer and Fall. In addition, the community structure was very similar in state 1 and state 4 out of each stations because the relative difference was the least, 0.139.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.341-353
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• 2010

Authors investigated the species composition of fishes for about 13months in the boundary sea water between Busan and Tsushima. We caught 81 species, 1,603 individuals and 437.7kg in biomass. The first dominant species by seasons were common squid, angler, angler and Psenopsis anomala respectively. Angler was also the first dominant species in biomass for four seasons. Catch per unit effort (kg/hr) was the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. But there was a little difference in accordance with station compared with season. There was big difference by season in the diversity index, the evenness index and the dominant index. But there was little difference between above indexes. The total length of common squid was the tallest in autumn and winter, that of blackthroat seaperch was the tallest in autumn and the lowest in winter. But angler's total length was almost same all through the year.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.484-492
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to compare the ichthyofauna between the eelgrass bed waters located in the open sea and the nearby sea free of eelgrass, and this study collected a total of 26 species. Comparing the fish collected on the eelgrass bed (St.2) of Geomun-do coast with the fish collected on the coastal waters (St.1) void of the nearby eelgrass bed, the fish collected from the eelgrass bed included 19 species, 413 individual with 16,110.6g in weight while the fish collected from the coastal waters void of the eelgrass bed included 19 species, 290 individuals with 12,961.5g in weight. Accordingly, it was found that the population size and biomass of the fish collected from the eelgrass bed were higher than the coastal waters void of the eelgrass. This study could identify that diversity, richness, evenness index except dominance were also much higher even in the result of cluster analysis.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.216-221
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• 2008

The Purpose of this study was to offer the raw data for drawing up the conservation plan by analysing natural vegetation in Midongsan, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea. The period of survey was from July to October, 2004 and the size of plot was 100$m^2$. In the results of analyzing the physical environments, the range of altitude was 303${\sim}$550m and soil pH was 5.4${\sim}$6.8. The angle of slope was 3${\sim}$57% and topographical factor was composed of ridgeline. In the results of analyzing a importance percentage, the dominant species in tree layer, Pinus rigida, P. densiflora, Quercus mongolica, Q. variabilis and Q. acutissima, P. rigida, Q. mongolica, Q. acutissima, Platycarya strobilacea and Q. variabilis in subtree layer, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Symplocos chinensis for pilosa, Lindera obtusiloba, L. erythrocarpa, Rhus trichocarpa and Weigela subsessilis in shrub layer. In the results of species diversity index, species diversity (H') was from 1.2401 to 2.5540, maximum species diversity (H'max), from 1.9459 to 2.8904, evenness (J'), from 0.5644 to 0.8836, dominance (D), from 0.1164 to 0.4356.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.181-193
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• 2022

The study was conducted to provide basic data for stable forest management according to climate change by identifying the ecological characteristics of Mt. Dalma warm temperate forest. 30 survey plots were established for vegetation structure analysis, and communities which classified by applying TWINSPAN analysis and DCA analysis techniques. Four plant communities were subdivided into Quercus acuta-Eurya japonica community, Quercus acuta community, Quercus salicina-Camellia japonica community, and Quercus acuta-Camellia japonica community. The tree layers were dominated by Quercus acuta and Quercus salicina, and the subtree layers were dominated by Camellia japonica and Eurya japonica, and the Sasa borealis. The species diversity index were in the range of 0.849 to 0.969, and the degree of Evenness index were 0.514 to 0.569, and the similarity index were 59.57 to 75.47%. The species composition in the community indicated that the deciduous broad-leaved and coniferous trees have already been eliminated in competition with evergreen broad-leaved trees. Tree species with good cold resistance such as Quercus acuta and Quercus salicina were dominant species under current climatic conditions, but the dominant species might be changed to more shade-tolerance evergreen broad-leaved through the succession.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.429-438
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• 1993

This is a report on the early vegetation and the secondary succession in the burned area of SeobJe-Go1 of $IIwasan-MY\v{o}n,\;Y\v{o}ngch\v{o}n-Gun,\;Ky\v{u}ngsangbuk-do$ Province. The forest fire occurred on April 8, 1982 and the pine forest and its floor vegetation were burned down. The investigation was done six times from August 20, 1982 to August 13, 1983. The results are summarized as follows: the floristic composition of burned areas $B_1,\;B_2$, and unburned areas $U_1,\;U_2$ were composed of 25, 23, 32, and 27 kinds of vascular plants. respectively. The biological spectra showed the $H-D_1-R_5-e$ type in both the burned and unburned areas. The species of Arundinella hirta, Miscanthus simnsis var. purpurascens and Cares hurnilis var. nana were dominant species in the burned area, while Pinus densiflorrr, Corex humilis var. nana and Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliafum were dominant species in the unburned area. Degree of succession of the unburned area was comparatively higher than that of the burned area. Species diversity index and evenness index of the burned area were similar to those of the unburned area. Indices of similarity in sampling sites showed that $B_1\;and\;B_2$ stands were the most similar. pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium of soil increased but organic matter and total organic carbon decreased after fire.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.141-152
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• 1997

The dynamics of fish community was investigated in the Lake Paldang from September 1995 to August 1996. The collected fishes were classified into forty two species involving in eleven families. Dominant species was Erythroculter erythropterus (relative abundance : 27.96%) and subdominant species was Lepomis macrochirus (20.69%). Also, Squalidus japonicus coreanus (19.25%), Opsariichthys bidens (4.07%), Hemibarbus labeo (3.42%), Acheilognathus yamatsutae (2.68%) and Micropterus salmoides (2.68%) were numerous. Dominant species was L. macrochirus in spring and autumn and S. japonacus coreanus in summer. E. erythropterus was subdominated in all seasons. The still-water fishes increased after construction of Paldang Dam. Ten were endemic species in Korea. Four species were exotic, and they occupied 24.75% in relative abundance. Dominance index was high at St. 2, diversity and evenness at St. 5, and richness at St. 4. In these stations, collection was made with casting net and scoop net. In the stations where collection was made with fixed shore net, dominance index was high at St. 8, diversity and evenness at St. 14, and richness at St. 7. E. erythropterus showed a stable age structure, while L. macrochirus was composed of mainly 3~4 year classes.