• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.79 no.3
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• pp.245-254
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• 1990

This study was carried out to analysis the structure of forest vegetation at the southern and northern slopes of Mt. Kum in Namhae. The results obtained were summarized as follows : The upper layer of south slope at the altitude of 100m was only distributed at Pinus thunbergii and Pinus densiflora. According to increase of altitude, the importance value of Pinus thunbergii was more decreased. In the upper layer of north slope, importance value of Pinus thunbergii was very high in the altitude of 100m, and was very low in the 200m. And also, importance value of Quercus variabilis and Steuortia koreana was high from 200m to 600m. The number of individuals of Pinus thunbergii and Pinus densiflora in the south slope were more increased than those of the north slope. The distributional class of D.B.H, showed an equal tendency in south and north slope, especially-Quercus variabilis and Quercus serrata had a good growth in north slope. The stand density in the upper lacer was high in south slope but mean acreage and mean distance of individual trees showed low. The species diversity indices were relatively lower in south slope than in north slope, and the maximum of species diversity showed slightly high in south slope. The evenness showed lower in south slope than in north slope relatively. By the cluster analysis used the similarity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.4
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• pp.488-494
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate forest ecosystem assessment which were widely used in Germany and Austria. The study area, Mt. Teawha, is located at Kwangju, Kyunggi-Do province. The methodology of this study considered the following factors. First forest types were classified accoding to species composition and age of tree layer. Naturalness, diversity and rerenees of each forest type were classified into 5 level. Finally, the forest types were assessed by synthesizing those 3 factors. Qurecus mongolica- and valley forest type over 300m was classified as naturalness 4 and Qurecus accustima, Quercus accusitima and Q. variabilis were as naturalness 3. The plantation types on the lower slope showed the level of naturlness 1 or 2. Diversity was similer to naturalness. But indices were different from each other. In the case of Larix leptolepsis plantations, naturalness indicated 1, while diversity showed 3. The valley forest type, wet forest and forest edge were classified into rare forest type. It was concluded that this method could be more efficient method comparing with existing method for assessment of naturality and thereby could contribute for biodiversity conservation in Korea.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2016

In this study, the securing state of nationally indicated beneficial microbial resources was evaluated in an aspect of bio-diversity using their taxonomical information. Depending on the analysis result with the Margalef's richness or the Mehinick's index which are representative bio-diversity analytical indices, species diversity values was revealed as 8.537, 3.546 within bacterial resources, 3.349, 2.167 within fungal resources. Several developed or researched beneficial strains and spoilage microbes showed relative taxonomical relationship with comparation of their biological information. As a result, we propose the necessity or countermeasure method for preventing the microbial spoilage with the overhauling consideration of advanced research on agricultural microbiology covering crop endophyte beneficial/spoilage microorganisms.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.111-124
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• 2008

The changes in flora and distribution and structure of vegetation were monitored for seven years at a restored reach of an urban stream, the Yangjae Stream, southeast of Seoul, Korea. In the restored reach, diverse kinds of the close-to-nature stream restoration techniques were adapted and implemented in the winter of 1998-1999. The species numbers and diversity indices of riparian plants at the restored reach were higher than those at the unrestored reach seven years after the restoration implementation. But plant diversity was decreased from the early restoration stage of 1999 - 2001 to seven years after the implementation. The dominant species changed from a ruderal annual, Humulus japonicus, to a perennial, Phragmites australis. The floral structure was distinctly different between in the early stage and seven years later on the results of principal component analysis (PCA) because of decreasing in numbers of exotic or ruderal species and planted or introduced plants in newly disturbed habitats. The distribution areas of communities of Humulus japonicus and Erigeron annuus were decreased and those of communities Phragmites australis and Miscanthus sacchariflorus were increased after the restoration implementation. The results of detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) of plant communities revealed that the community structure were changed from the disturbed vegetations to the stable and natural vegetation after the restoration implementation. Total seven species of willows were found at the restored reach, of which two species were planted and the others were naturally introduced. The monitoring results showed that the stream ecosystem of the study reach were successfully recovered in flora and vegetation and could be used as a model site for the stream restoration in urban streams.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.63-76
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• 2003

Species composition and seasonal variations of shrimp caught in the adjacent waters Geomundo, Korea were studied using the monthly catch of beam trawl fishery from November 1998 to October 1999. During in the study period, a total of 700,765 shrimps consisting 36 species, 27 genus and 11 families were collected. The community was dominated by Palaemon gravieri, Parapenaeopsis tenellus, Solenocela melantho and Plesionika izumiae. The peak abundance of shrimp occurred in summer, and low abundance in winter and spring. Major species occurred in area A, B and C was P. gravieri, and P. tenellus, and P. izumiae and S. melantho, respectively. The number of individual and abundance showed in July, and low in November. It was noted that values of species diversity, dominance and evenness indices were high in adjacent water Geomundo and lower in adjacent water Chodo and Chodo-Sonjukdo. Analysis of dendrogram of the clustering showed that there were two distinct groups; Geomundo group and Chodo-Sonjukdo group.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.169-179
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• 1983

Distribution of soft-bottom macrobenthos en Masan Bay was studied in terms of seasonal changes in species composition, abundance, and diversity from August, 1980 to May, 1981. Of the 65 species ot benthic macrofauna observed, polychaete was the most dominant taxonomic group with 34 species, which accounted for 72% of the total number of benthic animals. Species richness and numerical abundance seemed to decrease from the outer Bay stations to the innermost bay station, where certain zoological groups such as crustaceans and echinoderms were eliminated. Based on the ecological indices calculated, the inner basins of the Masan Bay apparently receive high input levels of organic material derived from land drainage, domestic wastes, and industrial complex installed in Masan city and nearby urban area. Particularly, at two inner bay stations of the Masan Bay, these levels seemed to approach the limit of the degradative capacity of the muddy bottom ecosystem, and have significantly affected the characteristics and distfibution of the benthic macrofauna.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.119-128
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• 2001

A biological assessment of water quality was carried out in the Pyungchang River water system, Gangwon-do, Korea from September 1999 through August 2000. The benthic macroinvertebrates collected seasonally from 15 field sites were identified mostly up to species level. Benthic macroinvertebrates composed of 109 species, 77 genera, 31 families, 10 orders, 4 classes in 4 phyla. Dominant species occurring in all the field sites were mostly ephemeropterans and trichopterans. On the basis of the values of species diversity and biological indices such as Trent Biotic Index (TBI) Modified Biological Monitoring Working Party Score System (BMWP) and Biotic Index (BI), the Pyungchang River Water system was generally regarded as showing oligosaprobic water quality.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.21-31
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• 1987

The overuse in the outdoor recreation lands has been deteriorating the natural resources and landscapes. So this study was executed to measure the users'impacts on vegetation and soil at Hwaum Temple District Campsite in the Mt. Jiri National Park, the southern part of Korea. Five sites were sampled in the study area according to the extent of impact observed. Then the users'densities and impacts on vegetation and soil were measured at each site. According to the result of this study, the numbers of species and individuals and the coverage of lower-layer vegetation showed outstanding changes by only light use. The numbers of species and individuals of middle-layer vegetation, species diversity indices, change rate in species composition of lower and middle-layer vegetation, damage rate of forces, contents of clay, soil moisture and organic matters, exchangeable base ions, soil hardness, organic matter depth and bare area of the campsite showed conspicuous changes from the site 4(19.6men / 1,000㎡). Especially, the self-repair of vegetation was impossible as the result of analysis of soil hardness and the formation of natural vegetation was expected to be difficult as the result of vegetation sturcture analysis over the users'average density of 19.6men /1,000㎡. The campsite management of this area shall be proposed as follows to prevent serious deterioration of natrual environment. A limitation of the present use and a conservation on soil and vegetation should be required at the site 4 and 5. Specially, prevention of camping recreation and artificial rehabilitation are necessary at the site 5(24. 3 men/1000㎡)

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.205-216
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• 2015

Mobile macrofauna and community structure were studied at the Youngjong tiny tidepools, Incheon, Korea. Samples were monthly collected from February 2010 to January 2011. Mobile macrofauna community comprised a total of 18 species, including 1,122 individuals and 623.6 gWWt. The dominant species were Luciogobius guttatus, Tridentiger bifasciatus, Hemigrapsus penicillatus, Pagurus minutus. The number of species and biomass were low from December to March, and high from April to November. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that temperature were the most important environmental variables in determining the observed variability in community composition. Species diversity indices ranged from 0.14 to 2.05, and showed the highest value in October 2010. The tide pools provide spawning ground and nursery ground for some fishes and decapods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.126-138
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• 2010

To investigate seasonal variation of fisheries resources composition and their correlationships with environmental factors in the coastal ecosystem of the middle Yellow Sea of Korea, shrimp beam trawl were carried out for the fisheries survey. Fisheries resources of 81 species, 57 families, and 6 taxa totally were collected by shrimp beam trawl in the middle coastal ecosystem of Yellow Sea of Korea. Species were included 6 species in Bivalvia, 6 in Cephalopoda, 22 in Crustacea, 2 in Echinodermata, 5 in Gastropoda, and 40 in Pisces. Diversity indices (Shannon index, H') showed seasonal variation with low value of 2.14 in winter, and high value of 2.67 in spring. Main dominant species were Oratosquilla oratoria, Octopus ocellatus, Acanthogobius lactipes, Cynoglossus joyneri, Rapana venosa venosa, Loligo beka, Chaeturichthys stigmatias, Raja kenojei, Microstomus achne and Paralichthys olivaceus, that were occupied over 58% of total individuals, and 55% of wet weight. Fisheries organism made four coordinative seasonal groups by the principal component analysis (PCA), showing stronger seasonal variation than spatial variation. PC from PCA showed statistically significant cross-correlationships with seawater temperature, $NH_4$-N, TP and chlorophyll a (P < 0.05).