• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.12-20
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• 2021

The World Anti-Doping Agency has made efforts to promote the safe use of medications and prevent doping in sports globally. International standards have been established and experts have advocate anti-doping education to athletes and healthcare professionals. Pharmacists are expected to participate in the pharmaceutical care activity of sports medicine in protecting the athletes while providing the spirits of clean sports. In this review, we described the pharmacists' roles and functions in six areas of sports pharmaceutical care: awareness, treatment, prevention, optimization, abuse, and monitoring. Sports pharmacists should be able to prevent inappropriate drug use and manage athletes' illness and injury using pharmacotherapy. Further pharmacists should actively involve to educate and counsel athletes, trainers, and healthcare teams. In conclusion, pharmacists are expected to play important roles in sports pharmacy, which is the emerging area of specialized pharmaceutical care services.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.303-315
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• 2019

2018년 한국의 65세 이상 노인 인구는 14.3%로 고령사회로 진입하게 되었으며 2025년 전후로 노인 인구가 20% 이상인 초고령사회로의 진입이 예상된다. 노인들의 경우 여러 의료기관을 방문하여 의약품을 복용하는 경우가 많아 각 약물 간의 상호작용 등의 약물 관리가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 노인 약물관리 제도가 전문화되어 있는 미국의 제도와 초고령사회로의 진입을 앞두고 있는 한국의 제도를 분석하여 체계적인 노인 약물관리 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 연구의 방법은 한국 및 미국의 노인 약물 관리에 관한 체계적인 문헌 연구를 진행하였다. 연구 결과 미국에서는 노인들에게 약물 치료 집중 관리제도(Medication Therapy Management, MTM)를 법제화하였고 노인 전문약사 제도를 운영하고 있었다. 한국에서는 노인 약물 관리를 위해 커뮤니티케어 사업을 진행하고 있지만 노인들이 더 안전하게 약을 사용하기 위해서는 노인 전문약사 제도가 필요한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.561-570
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• 2004

본 연구의 목적은 기능성화장품을 취급하고 있는 개국 약사들을 대상으로 기능성화장품에 대한 인식, 취급실태, 중요성과 만족도를 조사하고 이를 토대로 약국에서 기능성화장품의 마케팅 활성화방안을 마련하는데 있다. 설문조사결과 약사들의 기능성 화장품에 대한 인식은 아직 저조한 편으로 전문지식을 제고할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 약국에서 기능성화장품의 마케팅을 활성화하기 위해서는 기능성화장품의 정의 확대, 기능성화장품 심사제도 개선, 다양한 약국 전문 기능성화장품 개발 및 유통, 약사의 전문성 제고를 위한 교육 실시, 기업의 적극적 홍보 및 소비자 네트워크 중시, 의약 공동협력 마케팅 추진, 건강보조식품과 기능성화장품의 연계마케팅, 약국 공간 확보 및 전문적 디스플레이, 제품에 대한 전문적 상담과 적극적 자세 등이 필요하다. 본 연구는 의약분업과 같은 약국환경변화에 따라 약국의 경영개선을 위한 방안으로서 기능성화장품의 마케팅 강화 필요성과 구체적인 방안을 설문조사결과를 통해 제시하였다는데 의의가 있다. 본 연구결과는 개국 약사들의 기능성화장품에 대한 판매 전략과 기능성화장품제조 및 유통기업의 기능성화장품에 대한 교육 및 유통전략에 기초를 제공하는데 커다란 도움이 되리라 본다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to evaluate the recognition and performance rates about the safety rules on hazardous drugs among the selected pharmacists. The 160 pharmacists working in 4 general hospitals and in the other 4 institutions specialized in the oncology division were surveyed through mail. Among the 137 respondents to the survey (response rate 85.6%), 111 pharmacists (81%) had recognized the terms of 'hazardous drugs'. In categories of vaccines and hormones, the degrees of the recognition rate were much lower than the cytotoxic medications. It was surveyed that the degree of recognition and performance of safety rules on injectable drugs were higher than the disposal and noninjectable medications. The higher recognition rate of the safety rules made the higher degree of performance. These results were expected to provide the incentive for guidelines on handling hazardous drugs based on Korean healthcare system.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2020

Objective: This study aimed to investigate pharmaceutical care for critically ill neonates and suggest targeted strategies compatible with the Korean health-system pharmacy. Methods: Articles that reported pharmacy practices for critically ill neonates were reviewed. Pharmaceutical care practices and roles of neonatal pharmacists were identified, and criteria were developed for neonates in need of specialized care by clinical pharmacists. Results: Neonatal pharmacists play many roles in the overall medication management pathway. For clinical decision support, multidisciplinary ward rounds, clinical pharmacokinetic services, and consultation for pharmacotherapy and nutrition support were conducted. Prevention and resolution of drug-related problems through review of medication charts contributed to medication safety. Pharmaceutical optimization of intravenous medication played an important role in safe and effective therapy. Information on the use of off-label medicine, recommended dosage and dosing schedules, and stability of intravenous medicine was provided to other health professionals. Most clinical practices for neonates in Korea included therapeutic drug monitoring and nutrition support services. Reduction in medication errors and adverse drug reactions, shortening the duration of weaning medicines, decreasing the use and cost of antimicrobials, and improvement in nutrition status were reported as the outcomes of pharmacist-led interventions. The essential criteria of pharmaceutical care, including for patients with potential high-risk factors for drug-related problems, was developed. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical care for critically ill neonates varies widely. Development and provision of standardized pharmaceutical care for Korean neonates and a stepwise strategy for the expansion of clinical pharmacy services are required.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 1999

The educational backgrounds and research interests of pharmacy educators in Korea were analyzed to investigate the possibility of migrating the pharmacy education system from basic science-oriented to pharmacy practice-oriented. There are 257 full-time faculty members and 190 part-time members in twenty pharmacy colleges in 1999. Most of the full-time professors are majoring in basic pharmacy areas focused on the drug itself. Thirty nine percent of full-time professors are specialized in the fields of Medicinal Chemistry, $20\%$ in Biochemistry, $19\%$ in Pharmaceutics, and $18\%$ in Pharmacology-Toxicology. Only $4\%$ are related to the Pharmacy Practice Field. When we consider only the educational backgrounds of the educators, $89\%$ of full-time professors are related to the subjects of Korean Pharmacists Licensure Examination. Changes in educator's inclination will lead to the changes in pharmacy education and the contents of the test. There will be at least 38 job-openings due to retirements within next five years, and this will lead to approximately $15\%$ changes of current full time professors in Korean pharmacy education. More full-time professors will be needed in the area of pharmacy practice in order to focus on the pharmacy practice-oriented pharmacy education. Many distinguished characteristics of pharmacy educators between the private schools and the national universities are also discussed in the paper.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2008

This study investigated the Oriental medicine knowledge and educational requirement of medical staff working in Oriental-Western collaborative medicine hospitals(except for Oriental and Western medicine doctors) based on the recognition that not only mutual understanding and cooperation between Oriental and Western medicine doctors but also the knowledge of Oriental medicine of medical support staff such as nurses, medical technologists, pharmacists and administrative staff are very important to promote Oriental-Western collaborative medical treatment. The study results are summarized as follows : First, it was found that the ratio of nurses who took Oriental medicine education was much higher than those of other groups. They took Oriental medicine education in the types of school curriculum (27.0%) and special lectures in workplace(20.4%). Second, many of the people who took Oriental medicine education were found to be not satisfied with the education in general - 32.7% of them answered the education content was "so so" and 48.4% of them answered "unsatisfactory." Third, the general necessity of Oriental medicine education was found to be an average of 3.60 out of 5, and the number was higher "after employment"(average=3.85) than "before employment"(average=3.04). Fourth, the study found that Oriental-Western collaborative medicine hospital staff are well aware of the necessity of the knowledge of Oriental medicine in the cases of communications between different occupational types, consultations with patients or their guardians, treatment and nursing and the establishment of the practice of specialized Oriental medicine institutes. Fifth, the levels of Oriental medicine knowledge showed a difference in average value according to the role range(p<0.000), and it was found that there is an interaction effect between occupation type and role range(p<0.015).

• 약학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2009

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism which is resulting chronic microvascular, macrovascular, and neuropathic complications. Therefore, correct and consistent educations for pharmacotherapy is important and especially drug consultation by the specialty pharmacist of diabetic pharmacotherapy is necessary for all diabetic patients. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the necessity of the specialty pharmacist of diabetic pharmacotherapy and this study was performed from June 31th, 2008 to October 9th, 2008 in Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, S. Korea throughout the questionnaire and evaluated the total 68 patients who were participating the multidisciplinary diabetes team programs. We evaluated the patient characteristics (n=68), learning status (difficulty 70.4%), wanted further education (68.3%) and preference of educator (pharmacist 46%) after finishing team teaching by multidisciplinary diabetes team program. In conclusion, many diabetic patients(80.3%) wanted individual and further drug consultation by the pharmacists who are specialized in the diabetes individually and they are needed.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2017

This study examined the perception and readiness of nursing educators regarding interprofessional education (IPE), and discussed the validity and application of IPE in nursing. From December 2016 to January 2017, 239 nursing professors and nurses completed a structured questionnaire consisting of general characteristics, the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale, the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Survey (RIPLS), and an IPE action plan. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and t-test using the IBM SPSS ver. 23.0 program (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The analysis revealed that 91.6% of the participants had not experienced IPE, and only 11.7% knew about IPE. However, approximately 80.0% answered that IPE is necessary. The results of this study showed that the score of the perceived need for cooperation was higher in nurses than it was in professors, while the score on competency and autonomy was higher in professors than it was in nurses. With reference to the scores on the RIPLS, those of professors were high on the sub-scales of teamwork and collaboration, professional identity, and roles and responsibility. The results revealed that participants considered the upper-grade undergraduate years as the ideal time for imparting IPE, and it was deemed suitable to include communication, simulation, and clinical practice in IPE. Doctors, pharmacists, and physiotherapists were thought to require cooperation for IPE the most. Despite the presence of several barriers to IPE, the participants thought that IPE can achieve learning outcomes such as interprofessional communication and cooperation, conflict resolution, and teamwork. It is necessary to cooperate with professionals in the complex clinical environment as professional areas are specialized and subdivided. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the application of IPE in undergraduate education and in on-the-job training.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-95
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• 2005

Arriving in the '90s, the worldwide trend of longing for naturalism and popularity of complementary and alternative medicine in America has caused traditional Oriental Medicine and medicinal plants markets to develop rapidly. And China has been pursuing the globalization policy of Chinese medicine by the initiation of the society of traditional Chinese medicine. Under this situation, it is a time for us to think about in a serious manner whether existing organization and system of Oriental medicine and the department of Oriental medicine at the schools in Korea reflects reality or whether we should turn it to some different direction. The purpose of this research is to compare the educational systems in relation to the traditional medicine between Korea and China, and to seek and look into its implication, and also to make a contribution to further developments and changes of direction for Oriental medicine education in Korea. 1. I investigated carefully the educational system of the colleges of traditional Chinese medicine, and results from this survey revealed that the academic institutions for the medicinal training in China consists of varied systems, such as 7-year program for medicinal training linking with master degree course, 6-year program, 5-year program (more than 90%), 4-year program, and so on, so then China has been raising the specialists in their traditional medicine arena through those varied academic programs. Such an educational system as the department of Chinese medicine in order to educate and produce specialists or pharmacists specializing in traditional Chinese medicine is operated only by Beijing University of Chinese Medicine in terms of 7-year academic program for medicinal major that linked with master degree course, and the rest of schools run 5-year program or 4-year program (more than 90%). And other human resources required for cultivation of medicinal plants and manufacturing herbal medicines are mostly trained at 3-year course colleges or 2-year course vocational schools. 2. In connection with traditional Chinese medicine, there are a variety of departments in the schools in China other than Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology: i.e. Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Preclinical Medicine, Pharmaceuticals, Materials of Medicine, Phrenology and Law, Languages and Literature, etc. Therefore, these programs constitute multi academic system and also an appropriate educational base that fits in varied needs of market. Particularly, the university having 7-year program emphasize, English proficiency so that it can be considered that this academic program is a specialized course in order to achieve globalization of Chinese medicine. 3. In Korea, there are only 11 Oriental medicine schools with 6-year program which have been established by the private foundations and 3 departments of Oriental medicine at 4-year university. Therefore, we need to establish varied departments related to branches of our traditional medicine like China. 4. It is necessary to establish varied new departments related to Oriental Medicine that will be able to take a professional role in the course of pursuing the strategic goals such as scientification, globalization, standardization of Oriental Medicine, also that will meet needs of the world alternative and complementary medicine and herbal medicine markets. In order to achieve such strategic goals, we need to organize an academic system that will be different from existing systems and programs, also we are required to research further on the educational and training programs.