• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.799-811
• /
• 2016

After the participatory government began, various cluster policies in explicit and tacit forms had been promoted. However, an opinion of coming up with new policy alternative different from the existing one is recently brought up for strengthening the competitiveness of industrial agglomerations. This research attempts to discuss the ways in which both a smart specialization strategy and a triple-helix innovation system approach, as an alternative approach to regional industrial policy, are theoretically associated with the existing cluster policy. Through this discussion, it highlights that post-cluster policy should be not just based on regional specificity, but also facilitated by establishing the consensus space of innovation on the bassis of voluntary cooperation among industry, academy and government. It also stresses that it is necessary to focus on nurturing a new industry by systematic and intensive investment and the diversification of industrial cluster for reinforcing competitiveness of local universities and revitalizing practical cooperation between industry and university.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.101-120
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of agricultural polices on the change of regional structure based on the specialization during the productivism period. Analysis are carried on through the comparison of distribution in 1950s and 1997. Since the 1950s, governmental policy has played a leading role in shaping the pattern of farming in Great Britain. The range of British measures have also been employed in an attempt to improve the efficiency of agriculture and raise farm income. Three fairly distinct phase can be identified in the developing relationship between government policies and British agriculture in the postwar period. In the 1st phase, The Agricultural Act of 1947 laid the foundations for agricultural productivism in Great Britain until membership of the EC. This was to be achieved through the system of price support and guaranteed prices and the means of a series of grants and subsidies. Guaranteed prices encouraged farmenrs to intensify production and specialize in either cereal farming or milk-beef enterprise. The former favoured eastern areas, whereas the latter favoured western areas. Various grants and subsidies were made available to farmers during this period, again as a way of increasing efficiency and farm incomes. Many policies, such as Calf Subsidy and the Ploughing Grant, Hill cow and Hill Sheep Schemes and the Hill Farming and Livestock Rearing Grant was provided. Some of these policies favoured western uplands, whilst the others was biased towards the Lake District. Concentration of farms occured especially in near the London Metropolitan Area and south part of Scotland. In the 2nd stage after the membership of EC, very high guaranteed price created a relatively risk-free environment, so farmers intensified production and levels of self-sufficiency for most agriculture risen considerably. As farmers were being paid high prices for as much as they could produce, the policy favoured areas of larger-scale farming in eastern Britain. As a result of increasing regional disparities in agriculture, the CAP became more geographically sensitive in 1975 with the setting up of the Less Favoured Areas(LFAs). But they are biased towards the larger farms, because such farms have more crops and/or livestock, but small farms with low incomes are in most need of support. Specialization of cereals such wheat and barely was occured, but these two cereal crops have experienced rather different trend since 1950s. Under the CAP, farmers have been paid higher guaranteed prices for wheat than for barely because of the relative shortage of wheat in the EC. And more barely were cultivated as feedstuffs for livestock by home-grown cereals. In the 1950s dairying was already declining in what was to become the arable areas of southern and eastern England. By the mid-1980s, the pastral core had maintained its dominance, but the pastoral periphery had easily surpassed arable England as the second most important dairying district. Pig farming had become increasingly concentrated in intensive units in the main cereal areas of eastern England. These results show that the measure of agricultural policy induced the concentration and specialization implicitly. Measures for increasing demand, reducing supply or raising farm incomes are favoured by large scale farming. And price support induced specialization of farming. And technology for specialization are diffused and induced geographical specialization. This is the process of change of regional structure through the specialization.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.11 no.8
• /
• pp.2835-2839
• /
• 2010

This paper estimated the technical specialization of UAV system by analyzing related patents. For that, variable indicators such as patent numbers regarding country, subsystem technic, periods and revealed number of patents are used in this paper. RPA and PII index are also used to estimate technical specialization of the coutry. Positive RPA value means superior competitiveness, and vice versa. PII means the quality of the patent. PII value more than 1 means that the quality of the patent is better than others, Otherwise the quality of the patent is worse. This paper estimated the specialization of technologies among countries using above two index.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.97-123
• /
• 2008

Subject specialized services are introduced in library environment in order to meet users' needs, which become more specialized, characterized, and personalized. This concept dates back to the 1960 in Korean scholarly research, and previous studies revealed that many libraries in Korea have provided this kind of subject specialized services to library users. This study aimed to consider appropriate directions of subject specialization in Korea. This study examined seven library cases the structure of which is organized by subject specialization. It tried to give a good grasp of background of building up the subject specialization system, current state of the service and its effects, problems and challenges of operating the system, recruitment and training issues of subject specialist librarians, their duties and tasks, and so on. Also Announcements of academic subject specialist positions in Korea are compared to in other countries such as United States, UK, and Canada in order to analyze the demand for subject specialist librarians.

• World Technopolis Review
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.98-107
• /
• 2016

By highlighting the efficiencies gained from regional specialization, the cluster concept has distracted economic development officials from their traditional role of diversifying regional and local economies. Clustering was a viable strategy for much of the 18 years following its original appearance in the literature. Now, two events cast doubt on the continued viability of cluster-based specialization. First, the digital convergence has blurred the boundaries that once separated one industry from another. An industry cluster strategy becomes difficult when the industry cannot be defined. Second, many cluster initiatives fail. Combining literature search with the system-theoretic notions of efficiency and redundancy, we find many factors moderate cluster success. This implies regions facing uncertain success in their cluster-building efforts should thoroughly understand their unique circumstances and build upon them. Regions with successful clusters are advised to aim for multiple related clusters or superclusters.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.5
• /
• pp.131-156
• /
• 2002

Private security industry employers in Korea has not concerned with the importance of training and education by lack of recognition and has been passive about qualified guards. And the authorities supervising and the administrating the guards has not recognized the importance of private security and has neglected the training of the guards. Korea has been operated the guard-instructor system for the acquiring the specialization of the security personnel since 1997, but there has been many problems. This study reviews the guard-instructor system in Korea comprehensively and suggests the efficient operation method of that system.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.280-284
• /
• 2020

In the rapidly changing science and technology environment, an in-depth understanding of users of STEM information is an essential factor in designing a user-centered information system. The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze in-depth the behaviors and needs of users who use STEM information. In this study, the needs of users for STEM information and STEM information sites are dealt with in depth using the FGI qualitative method. In addition, it includes the analysis results of grouping of similar sites according to various aspects of use of STEM information sites. As a result of grouping similar sites based on awareness and level of use,, they were grouped by domestic-international, paid-free, integrated-specific fields. As a result of grouping similar sites according to the purpose of use, they were grouped by domestic and international papers, research reports, and patents. As a result of grouping similar sites according to usage attributes, they were grouped by diversity, reliability, and specialization. As for the positions of similar sites perceived by users, Science Direct and PubMed showed high specialization and high quality, Google Scholar showed integration and popularity, and RISS showed four attributes evenly. Suggestions for information system design are discussed.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.17
• /
• pp.69-89
• /
• 2008

As year passes, terrorism is gradually increasing. Its target has becom various and arbitary, and recently, terrorists are aiming for national major facilities wich include multiplex facilities. Although special security guards took charge of its defence system from 2002, they have failed to establish its system firmly due to some institutional inertia. And 'Professionalism' appeared to be the mattter, according to the spot-probe and interviews. The purpose of this essay is to devise measures to develop sepecial security system including its specialization through investigating current educational training system. In order to attain professionalism, establishment of new proffessional school, division of current education system(into common education and full-course education), and reinforcement of substantial inspection activity should be preceded. Moreover, inspection activity should include standards for engaging instructors, establishment of compilation committee for editorial supervision, and establishment of clear educational policy. I hope the developmental measures in this essay to be speedily actualized with endeavor from police, security association, academic circles.

• Journal of Korean Society of Health-System Pharmacists
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.441-452
• /
• 2018

Background : The prevalence of the chronic metabolic disease is increasing due to the aging society. Therefore, Korean Society of Health-system Pharmacists (KSHP) has a specialty pharmacist system to improve the professionalism of pharmacists. The purpose of this study is to suggest the difference between specialty pharmacist and non-specialty pharmacist with regards to their knowledge, delivery of information on medication, service provision, and job satisfaction. Methods : An online survey research was conducted for hospital pharmacists. The reliability of the questionnaire items was presented using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ test. The t-test or ANOVA analysis was used for evaluating differences in continuous variables. Results : A total of 171 pharmacists responded to the questionnaire, and 87.7% of the respondents were aged less than 30 years (76.6%) and four-year graduates (86.0%). Typically, 108 (63.2%) were candidates for the pharmacist's specialty certificate, and the remaining 63 (36.8%) were not enrolled. Considering the field of specialty with overlapping, the total number of certificated patients was 140 (26.3% of the total of 532 in 2016). The results of the reliability analysis of the specific questionnaire showed that the Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ value was over 0.78. There was no significant difference in customer directionality between the two groups. However, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) with respect to overall knowledge about the treatment process, drug efficacy, and side effects, information about medicines and adverse drug reactions, and in providing appropriate information to medical staff including patients and physicians. Conclusions : The pharmacist with specialization showed a positive result of self-evaluation of items such as knowledge about drugs, communication of information on medications, and service provision, compared to other pharmacists, and the result was in correlation with the numbers of specialization. There was no difference in job satisfaction related to working environment. Henceforth, it is hypothesized that there is a necessity for continuous improvement in the working environment to suit the purpose of the pharmacy specialist system.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.377-388
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to survey the operation and development direction in KPNFA. Method: The participants of this study consisted of physical therapists who had a KPNFA membership. The satisfaction levels for each item (KPNFA impression, educational programs, and clinical application) were measured using a 5-point Likert scale. The survey was performed during June and July 2018. The total questionnaire was comprised of 648 samples. For the data analysis, descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation analysis were used to compare the general characteristics and all items. Results: In the questionnaire, the impression of KPNFA was 69.21, the instructor specialization in the educational programs was 74.22, and helpful interventions for clinical application scored 74.96. KPNFA's image is competitive; friendly items scored the highest, and operation suitability and communication scored the lowest. The most important factor of the educational program was the quality of the instructors. The most helpful item was the education intervention program. The nervous system was applied to the patient with the highest response. The age of subjects showed a significant positive correlation with KPNFA impression, KPNFA branch impression, and branch problem solving. The work duration of subjects showed a significant negative correlation with instructor specialization. A regular member duration of subjects showed a negative correlation with teaching method, instructor specialization. Conclusions: The KPNFA survey was performed for the first time. In the future, this data will be utilized as the basis for KPNFA policy.