• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to establish fundamental data of architectural planning concerning location of the special class to tackle the problems of special class facilities, the contacting activities of special children with ordinary children and finally proper environment for the main-streaming education which special education persues. The contacting activities of the special class children usually take place in both their original class and special class. The less the degree of handicap is, the less contact with ordinary children happens. In the case of the serious degree of handicap, it can be said that they are often helped by ordinary children so that there are more oppotunities to make friends each other. Therefore, the disposition of special classes in a school should consider the degree of handicap. The characteristics of special class facilities and management system play significant role on contacting activities. In particular, the location of a special class in terms of grouping and floor, the character of the next space and the location of the building in the overall context should be taken into account in deciding the location of special classes in a school. In addition, the characteristics of junior and senior children should be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.13-20
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• 2010

Seattle Public School Authority implements Inclusive Education which allows handicapped children to study in ordinary schools. This research is to analyze Inclusive Education system and find characteristics of school network and school planning. Survey was performed on 9 school districts and 54 public schools. The found results are following; 1) 54 schools adopt special education programs and legal barrier free design. All handicapped children groups are divided into level I through Ⅳ including mild level (level I,II) at all schools and multi-handicapped(severe level, level III, IV) at schools specified by school district or Seattle City. 2) Each school groups are transformed into self-contained classroom, therapy room and general room as a set in consideration of user communication and special education program. Also, existing classrooms are rearranged into small study spaces by using partition system. It allows ordinary schools to accomodate Inclusive Education through school network, classroom rearrangement and space partitioning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.176-192
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• 1991

School nurses, in service of 102 special schools in Korea, were urveyed by mail questionnaires from February to March, 1991 and 77 of hem responded. Collected data were analyzed to establish the direction of health management in special school and to provide basic reference data for improving the quality of the management of school-nurses' services. The major findings are as follows: Out of special schools surveyed, 67.5% is private school and 83.2% is located in city. The average number of classes, students, and educational personnels per special school is 17.2, 194, and 28 respectively. The average age of school-nurses surveyed is 32.7. The proportion of graduates from the junior college and upward was 97.4%, the proportion of the married was 71.4%. Out of respondents, 71.4% has religion : 79.2% has past career in the fields of clinics or public health: 62.3% accompanishes independent services: 77.9% belongs to primary school. About 69% of nursing room in special schools surveyed is located at the first floor. Out of special school surveyed, 90.9% has no organization for school health programms: Only 18.2% entrusted everyone of school doctor, school dentist, and school pharmacists with school health. 46.8% of respondents didn't know about the annual budget for school health programmes. The average annual expenditure for school health programme per special school was 317,000F26. won and the purchase cost for medical supplies accounted for the larger part of them. The monthly average number of students utilizing school nursing room was 71 per school, annual utilization times of school nursing room was 4.4 per student and utilization due to injury was prevalent by 26.6% and there is some differences in using the school nursing room according to disabled area. Rate of referral to medical facilities was 1.4%. The leading reason of referral to medical facilities was high fever among those who have visual handicaps, fracture among those who have emotional disturbance, injury by trauma among others. Nine hundred fifty six students of students in special school surveyed have sufferd from epilepsy and prevalence rate of epilepsy was 6.4%. Only 22.6% of respondents replied that they had physical examination more than 2 times per year. Out of respnodents, 98.7% answered that they had health education and 67.1% of them ansered that they educated in a classroom, 98.7% of respondents emphasized need of sex education. Respondents put the most emphasis on the personal hygiene when they performed health education and they used broadcasting education in the area of visual handicaps, OHP or VTR in hearing handicaps, home correspondence or OHP VTR in other area importantly. About 47% of repondents answered that health education was the most difficult and they emphasized that definite guide on health management was requested. Respondents had self-confidence and high perfomance rate in most of school-nurses' services completely, but so they was not in area of evaluation of school health programmes, an examination of physical strength, evaluation of health education, management of school purification area, suture of wounds. In consideration of above findings, we may conclude that special education for school-nurse in special schools as well as improvement of definite guiding principles are requested to establish direction for health management in special schools and to improve the degree of quality for school-nurses' sevices in special schools.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09b
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• pp.1323-1324
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• 2006

Refractory materials, such as W and Mo, are very useful elements for use in high-temperature applications. But it is not easy to fabricat pure W and Mo with very high density and retaining very fine grain size because of their high melting point. In this paper, a newly developed method named as resistance sintering under ultra high pressure was use to fabricate pure fine-grained W and Mo. The microstructure was analysis by SEM. The sintering mechanism is primary analyzed. Basic physical property of these sintered pure W and Mo, such as hardness, bend strength, are tested.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09b
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• pp.896-897
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• 2006

In the viewpoint of engineering, materials problem is a key problem, which determines whether the exploitation of fusion energy will be success. The most important class of fusion materials is plasma-facing materials (PFM). W, as high Z high melting-point metal is one of the most important candidate materials due to its high plasma erosion resistance. Improving the ductility of W and W based alloy, lowering its ductile-brittleness transition temperature for meeting the requirements of fusion application is an important task. In this paper, severalpowder meatllurgy methods of fabricating W and W based materials are being investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.161-175
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• 2011

This study examined students' menu preferences as well as the job satisfaction and specific considerations concerning foodservice operation of dieticians and nutrition teachers at special schools for the disabled. Semi-structured interview questionnaires were sent to all of the 21 special schools with direct school food service in Gyeonggi-do, and 16 dieticians and nutrition teachers agreed to participate in this study. Among the various menu groups, the subjects perceived the meat group as the most preferred and the vegetable group the least preferred. They were generally satisfactory with their job and duty, and had a strong sense of belonging to the school. However, most of them answered that they needed more time for nutritional education and counseling. While most had pride and pleasure in their job, they expressed a desire to change the system to better fit with their roles as professional nutritionists. The content analysis revealed that the subjects mainly focused on safety issues in planning the food menu and were thus limited in selecting menu items. They also felt difficulty in menu planning due to various tastes and preferences, since special schools tend to consist of a wider grade range. However, most subjects reported little trouble in food distribution and food leftovers owing to practical support from teachers and parents. The necessity for education concerning table manners and obesity prevention was generally a shared opinion, and education programs for parents were also perceived as necessary to better understand the special considerations for developing proper eating habits in their child. The study findings provide useful basic data to improve the foodservice system at special schools.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to identify stress, depression and sleeping of mothers with children who have received the special education in the elementary, middle and high school and to find out the relationship among stress, depression and sleeping. It will be provided as the basic information for development of nursing intervention. Methods: This research was carried out from November 18th to November 27th, 2009 through questionnaire about the stress, the depression and the sleeping. The subjects of investigation were 94 mothers with children who have received the special education in elementary school, middle and high school. Results: There is correlation between the psychological and physical stress of the mothers; correlation between the stress and the depression; inverse correlation between the stress and the sleeping; and inverse correlation between the depression and the sleeping significantly in statistics (p<.001). Mother group in elementary school has mild depression and the other variables in all groups of mothers are included in normal range. Conclusion: It is necessary to do the comparative study for stress, depression and sleeping of mothers with children who have received the special education in elementary school, middle and high school and to make the research for the development of optimized nursing intervention program for reducing depression for the subjects.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.11-24
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• 2002

This study was to propose a basic model of specialization in home economics for vocational high school development in JellaNamdo. The results were summarized as follows. First. based on the changes in economic environment into service industry and national educational policy and local vocational educational Policy, it may be good time to socially discuss special vocational high school in home economics in JellaNamdo in the light of meeting local students' demand. Secondly, considering local students' preference and the conditions of local economy and industry. Thirdly, the system for specialization in home economics of vacational high school may be suggested. The basic model was organized plans of system reformation by stages, a substantial plans, and academic or employment course development. System reformation plans was that the high school-concentrated district should be first selected by area and department and one high school should be selected as special high school in home economics. Then specific method should proceed school name, the measure to recruit students, specific method for reorganizing department. and curriculum. Finally, the annual plan to establish new department and to recruit students should be Prepared. Substantial plans were to actually forward such methods to reorganize system and to enhance the qualify of vocational high school education. the method for making substantial should be studied further It may include: the methods to ensure special teachers, training room, and facilities. the prospect and direction of career development, employment, or initiation, special research, and the application to educational environment. Employment courses were developed SOHO establishment in small capital and special store management. And academic courses was to enter a collage or university in conjunction with major departments.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.711-720
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the purchase of special and cooking patterns of eggs. This survey was carried out through questionnaire and the subjects were 435 housewives whose children were middle or high school students in Kyunggi-do and Inchon. The results are summarized as follows : 1) As for age, 66.4% of subjects were 40 years or older. Also 57.1% of subjects received a high school education. As for occuption, full-time housewives accounted for 60.5%. Monthly family income of 39.1 % was 1-2 million won. As for monthly cost of food, 51.7% of subjects paid less than 500 thousand won. Also 40.2% of subjects lived in apartments. 2)Most housewives knew about the sale of special eggs. However, they perceived that the price of special eggs was expensive. 3) The higher their age, education level. household income and food cost, were, the more frequent their purchase of special eggs was. 4) The reason for their purchasing special eggs was in order of nutrition and freshness. 5) Most housewives didn't trust the brands of special eggs. 6) The most popular method of cooking eggs was fried-eggs. Therefore, it is necessary to provide cheap, fresh and nutritious special eggs. (Korean J Community Nutrition 2(5) : 711∼720, 1997)

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.111-120
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• 2023

Purpose: The gradual increase in the number of children with disabilities in Korea highlights the necessity for further research on the role of school health teachers in their care. This study explored the specific experiences of school health teachers in special schools through individual in-depth interviews. Methods: In this study, 11 school health teachers participated, and data were collected through individual in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the collected data. Results: The experiences of health teachers at special schools were classified into 5 themes and 13 subthemes. These included "concerns about working in special schools and attachment after working," "management of diverse diseases and ongoing, careful observation," "ambivalence regarding students with disabilities," "competences needed to care for students with disabilities," and "enhancing care education for students with disabilities: demanding institutional support." Conclusion: Effective student health management depends on open communication channels and the establishment of strong connections among health teachers, school personnel, and parents of impaired students. To enhance the quality of care for children with disabilities, specialized education programs to improve teachers' healthcare competency should be developed. Additionally, specific guidelines for the range of medical treatments provided by health instructors, should be devised.