• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.8
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• pp.673-683
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• 2016

An Idea to estimate flexible criteria for river water use permits was proposed that takes the spatio-temporal flow variation along the river into account, which was applied to the Keumho River, one of the tributary of the Nakdong River in Korea. This idea implies the temporal division of four periods with different criteria, combining flood/non-flood seasons and irrigation/non-irrigation periods, while a single one has been applied throughout the year in the current practice. Through flow regime analysis of daily natural flow simulations at Dongchon and Seongseo, the control points of the study area, Q355 and 1Q10 for non-flood and non-irrigation period, Q275 for non-flood and irrigation period, Q185 for flood and irrigation period were suggested respectively. So, those values that subtract instream flow were determined as the flexible criteria in each season. From the comparison of current practice and the proposed method, it was estimated that $10.6\;million\;m^3/year$ is available for more water use permits without additional development of water storage. Therefore, it is conceived that flexible criteria for river water use permission suggested in this study can contribute to improve the national policies for more efficient water resources management in the future.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.469-480
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• 2012

This study was to analyze the characteristics of diurnal variation of high $PM_{2.5}$ concentration, $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$ concentration ratio by spatio-temporal wind system (wind speed and wind direction) for high $PM_{2.5}$ concentration (over the 24 hr environmental standard of $PM_{2.5}$, $50{\mu}g/m^3$) in the air quality observation sites (Jangrimdong: Industrial area, Jwadong: Residential area) that were measured for 3 years (2005. 12. 1-2008. 11. 30) in Busan. The observation days of high $PM_{2.5}$ concentration were 182 at Jangrimdong and 27 at Jwadong. The seasonal diurnal variation of hourly mean of high $PM_{2.5}$ concentration and of $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$ concentration ratio showed a similar pattern that had higher variation at dawn, and night and in the morning than in the afternoon. Durning daytime in summer at Jwadong, the $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$ concentration ratio increased because a secondary particulate matter, which was created by photochemical reaction, decreased the coarse particles of $PM_{10}$ more than the fine particles of $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations in ocean condition. We did an analysis of spatio-temporal wind system (wind speed range and wind direction) in each time zone. The result showed that high $PM_{2.5}$ concentration at Jangrimdong occurred due to the congestion of pollutants emissions from the industrial complex in Jangrimdong area and the transportation of pollutants from places nearby Jangrimdong. It also showed that high $PM_{2.5}$ concentration occurred at Jwadong because of a number of local residential and commercial activities that caused the congestion of pollutants.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to assess spatio-temporal variation of Imha Dam water quality according to suspended sediment algorithm using Landsat and SPOT 5 data. In order to learn synchronous suspended sediment concentrations(SSC) in Imha Dam waters, the satellite remote sensing data are analyzed. The key procedure of this research is that we should know the relationships between suspended sediment concentrations and satellite-detected reflectance. However, the SSC algorithm has the limitation that it must be compared calculated SSC with synchronous ground-truth data in the Dam water. Based upon the linear response from satellite-detected reflectance, SSC algorithm validated an efficient algorithm to estimate proportional factor and then derived an empirical equation far SSC estimations.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.4-14
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• 2005

CarboKorea and HydroKorea are the domestic projects aiming to improve our understanding of carbon and water cycles in a typical Korean forest located in a complex terrain with a watershed connected to large rivers. The ultimate goal is to provide a nowcasting of these cycles for the whole Peninsula. The basic strategy to achieve such goal is through the inter- and multi-disciplinary studies that synthesize the in-situ field observation, modeling and remote sensing technology. The challenge is the fact that natural ecosystems are nonlinear and heterogeneous with a wide range of spatio-temporal scales causing the variations of mass and energy exchanges from a leaf to landscape scales. Our paradigm now shifts from temporal variation at a point to spatial patterns and from spatial homogeneity to complexity of water and carbon at multiple scales. Yet, a large portion of our knowledge about land-atmosphere interactions has been established based on tower observations, indicating that the development of scaling logics holds the key to the success of CarboKorea and HydroKorea. Here, we review the pioneering work of FIFE (First ISLSCP Field Experiment) on scaling issues in a temperate grassland and discuss the lessons from it for the application to Gwangneung forest site.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.529-532
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• 2004

The spatio-temporal variation of Infra Red(IR) emission images were obtained from a real 3-dimensional discharge space of a surface discharge type, alternating current plasma display panel(AC PDP) cell with the Ne-Xe(4%) 400Torr gas mixture. IR emissions were observed in each period of the ADS(Address and Display Separation) driving scheme with ramp initializing waveform using an images intensified charge coupled device(ICCD) camera. The roles of each electrode were identified and it was compared with the results of the discharge simulation and of the wall charge distributions measured by the electro-optic technique.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.159-159
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• 2009

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.161-161
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07c
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• pp.1682-1684
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• 2001

In removing the flue-gas using electrical discharge method, it is important to dissociate or ionize the atoms and molecules by the collisions with energetic electrons and it produces the radicals that are used to decompose the pollutants. For that purpose, a bidirectional pulsed voltage is used to produce lots of energetic electrons efficiently and increase the power efficiency. The simulation is performed with changing the pulsewidth under the fixed applied voltage. The particle-mesh model coupling the NGP(nearest-grid-point) to FEM(finite element method) is used to simulate the behavior of electrons and the spatio-temporal variation of the electric field for the streamer in discharge tube.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.217-221
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose a new scheme of motion tracking based on fuzzy inference (FI)and wavelet transform (WT) from image sequences. First, we present a WT to segment a feature extraction of dynamic image . The coefficient matrix for 2-level DWT tent to be clustered around the location of important features in the images, such as edge discontinuities, peaks, and corners. But these features are time varying owing to the environment conditions. Second, to reduce the spatio-temporal error, We develop a fuzzy inference algorithm. Some experiments are peformed to testify the validity and applicability of the proposed system. As a result, proposed method is relatively simple compared with the traditional space domain method. It is also well suited for motion tracking under the conditions of variation of illumination.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.1196-1200
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 지점 강우의 결측치를 추정하기 위해 전통적인 통계학적 내삽기법을 이용한 역거리가중치법(IDWM), 역지수가중치법(IEWM), 상관계수가중치법(CCWM)과 패턴 인식의 일종인 인공신경망(ANN)기법 그리고 시공간적 강우분포의 측정이 가능한 레이더 자료를 이용해 결측치를 추정하여 각각의 방법을 비교하였다. 임진강 유역의 15개 지상관측소를 대상으로 교차검정(Cross validation) 분석을 실시해 본 결과, CCWM 방법과 ANN기법에 의한 RMSE가 0.46~1.79의 범위를 보였고, 보정레이더를 이용하여 결측치를 추정한 경우RMSE가 0.05~2.26의 범위를 보여 기존의 전통적 결측치 추정방법보다 실측치에 가까운 결과를 보였다. 이는 레이더자료가 지점 강우자료와는 달리 강우의 시공간적 변동성을 고려한 공간분포의 정보를 지니고 있기 때문인 것으로 판단된다.