• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2000

표준관측소의 점 단위 기온 관측 및 예보값을 농업분야에서 활용하기 위해서는 공간내삽이 필요한 경우가 많지만 기후학적 평년값 같은 장기간의 평균값 내삽과는 달리 지형효과를 반영하기 어려워 거리역산가중법이 수정 없이 사용되고 있다. 우리 나라처럼 지형이 복잡한 산악지역에서는 수평 거리에만 의존한 내삽 결과에 심각한 오류가 포함될 수 있으므로, 영농지원 정보로서 중요한 일 최저기온을 대상으로 추정오차의 최대근원인 해발고도의 영향을 보정 할 수 있는 간단한 공간내삽모형을 작성하였다. 먼저 남한 육지 상에 위치한 63개 표준관측소에서 수집된 일 최저기온자료와 관측소의 위치, 해안으로부터 거리, 경사향, 표고 등 국지기온 결정인자를 회귀분석 하여 표고에 따른 기온감율 추정식을 날짜의 함수로 표현하였다. 63개 관측점의 표고값을 공간내삽 하여 재구성한 전국의 가상 지형으로부터 1 km$\times$ 1 km 공간단위의 전국 수치고도값 편차를 계산하고, 여기에 해당 날짜의 기온감율을 적용하여 보정값을 계산한다. 기존의 거리역산가중법에 의한 기온추정값을 이 보정값에 의해 수정함으로써 최종 기온값을 얻는다. 임의로 선발된 1999년의 월별 하루씩 총 12일에 대하여 이 모형과 기존 거리역산가중법을 각기 적용하여 267개 자동기상관측지점의 일 최저기온을 추정한후 실측값과 비교하였다 오차평균, 절대오차평균, 그리고 평방근오차평균 등 세가지 추정오차를 분석한 결과 이 방법이 거리역산가중법에 비해 산악지역에서의 일 최저기온 추정에 있어 뚜렷한 개선효과를 보였다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2010

In this paper we propose the CBIR algorithm which is based on a novel image block method that combined both color and edge feature. The main drawback of global histogram representation is dependent of the color without spatial or shape information, a new image block method that divided the image to 8 related blocks which contained more information of the image is utilized to extract image feature. Based on these 8 blocks, histogram equalization and edge detection techniques are also used for image retrieval. The experimental results show that the proposed image block method has better ability of characterizing the image contents than traditional block method and can perform the retrieval system efficiently.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2000

In this paper, a transient identification based on a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) has been suggested and evaluated experimentally for the classification of transients in the dynamic process. The transient can be identified by its unique time dependent patterns related to the principal variables. The HMM, a double stochastic process, can be applied to transient identification which is a spatial and temporal classification problem under a statistical pattern recognition framework. The HMM is created for each transient from a set of training data by the maximum-likelihood estimation method. The transient identification is determined by calculating which model has the highest probability for the given test data. Several experimental tests have been performed with normalization methods, clustering algorithms, and a number of states in HMM. Several experimental tests have been performed including superimposing random noise, adding systematic error, and untrained transients. The proposed real-time transient identification system has many advantages, however, there are still a lot of problems that should be solved to apply to a real dynamic process. Further efforts are being made to improve the system performance and robustness to demonstrate reliability and accuracy to the required level.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1989년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.33-37
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• 1989

According to the Rayleigh-Ritz approximation method, a solution can be represented as a finite series consisting of space-dependent functions, which satisfy all the geometric boundary conditions of the problem and appropriate smoothness requirement in the interior of the domain. In this paper, an efficient formulation for solving structural dynamics systems in frequency domain is presented. A general procedure called Ritz modes (or vectors) generation algorithm is used to generate the admissible functions, i.e. Ritz modes, Then, the use of direct superposition of the Ritz modes is utilized to reduce the size of the problem in spatial dimension via geometric coordinates projection. For the reduced system, the frequency domain approach is applied. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2018

Base-isolated nuclear power plant (BI-NPP) structures are founded on expanded basemat as a flexible floating nuclear island, are still lacking the recommendation of the consideration of incoherent motion effect. The effect of incoherent earthquake motion on the seismic response of BI-NPP structure has been investigated herein. The incoherency of the ground motions is applied by using an isotropic frequency-dependent spatial correlation function to perform the conditional simulation of the reference design spectrum compatible ground motion in time domain. Time history analysis of two structural models with 486 and 5 equivalent lead plug rubber bearing (LRB) base-isolators have been done under uniform excitation and multiple point excitation. two different cases have been considered: 1) Incoherent motion generated for soft soil and 2) Incoherent motion generated for hard rock soil. The results show that the incoherent motions reduce acceleration and the lateral displacement responses and the reduction is noticeable at soft soil site and higher frequencies.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2017

We investigated configuration of metallic and insulating domains in $VO_2$ thin films, while spanning metal-insulator phase transition. Kelvin probe force microscopy, of which spatial resolution is less than 100 nm, enables us to measure local work function (WF) at the sample surface. The WF of $VO_2$ thin films decreased (increased) as increasing (decreasing) the sample temperature, during the phase transition. The higher and lower WF regions corresponded to the insulating and metallic domains, respectively. The metallic fraction, estimated from the WF maps, well explained the temperature-dependent resistivity based on the percolation model. The WF mapping also showed us how the structural defects affected the phase transition behaviors.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권5호
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• pp.501-507
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• 2008

The data of crown width with 4 directions, DBH, tree height, and coordinate for sample trees were collected from 30 permanent sample plots in secondary fore st of the Maoershan Experimental Forestry Farm, Northeast China. In this paper, the competition of individual trees in stand were discussed for secondary forest by using iterative Hegyi competition index and crown overlap index that represented the competitive and cooperative interactions among neighboring trees. Active competitors of subject tree in the competition zone were selected to calculate the iterative competition index. Using the results of crown classification based on the equal crown projection area, a new distance dependent competition index called crown overlap index (COI) was developed for secondary forest. The COI performed well in describing the crown competition rather than crown competition factor (CCF). The individual-based competition index discussed in this paper will provide more precise for developing individual tree growth models for secondary forest and it can also use to adjust the stand structure for spatial optimal management.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.37-48
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• 1997

The purpose of this study supply data that can make a living room a more comfortable space by using a plan of furniture usage, that is to say more affective to human's mental and physical character. For this purpose made experiment with slide film on 39 representative descriptions. The object of this research was female university students and to analyze the data. factor analysis. One-way ANOVA and scheffe-test were used by running SPSS PC+ program. The major results are as follows. In experiment with slide film for grasping spatial effect and evaluation on the 39 representative descriptions, three dimensions(clearness. openness. variety) extracted as the result of factor analysis. Especially the result of this study - sizes of space put independent valuables and each demotion put dependent valuables - shows differences according to space’ size.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2008

The paper presents control performance of a magnetorheological(MR) fluid-based haptic knob which is applicable to in-vehicle comfort functions. As a first step, MR fluid-based haptic knob is devised to be capable of both rotary and push motions with a single device. Under consideration of spatial limitation, design parameters are optimally determined to minimize a reciprocal of control torque using finite element analysis. The proposed haptic knob is then manufactured and its field-dependent torque is experimentally evaluated. Subsequently, in-vehicle comfort functions are constructed in virtual environment and make them communicate with the haptic knob. Control performances such as reflection force are experimentally evaluated via simple feed-forward control strategy.

• 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지능정보시스템학회 2001년도 The Pacific Aisan Confrence On Intelligent Systems 2001
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• pp.122-127
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• 2001

This study investigates the effectiveness of time delay neural networks(TDNN) for the time dependent prediction domain. Although it is well-known fact that the back-propagation neural network(BPN) performs well in pattern recognition tasks, the method has some limitations in that it can only learn an input mapping of static (or spatial) patterns that are independent of time of sequences. The preliminary results show that the accuracy of TDNN is higher than the standard BPN with time lag. Our proposed approaches are demonstrated by the stork market prediction domain.