• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1418-1425
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• 2014

In ultrasonic medical imaging, spatial compounding of images is a technique where ultrasonic beam is steered to examine patient tissues in multiple angles. In the conventional ultrasonic diagnostic imaging, the steering of the ultrasonic beam is achieved electronically using the phased array transducer elements. In this paper, a spatial compounding approach is presented where the ultrasonic probe element is rotated mechanically and the beam steering is achieved mechanically. In the spatial compounding, target position is computed using the value of the rotation axis and the transducer array angular position. However, in the process of the rotation mechanism construction and the control system there arises the inevitable uncertainties in these values. These geometric parameter errors result in the target position error, and the consequence is a blurry compounded image. In order to reduce these target position errors, we present a spatial compounding scheme where error correcting transformation matrices are computed and applied to the raw images before spatial compounding to reduce the blurriness in the compounded image. The proposed scheme is illustrated using phantom and live scan images of human knee, and it is shown that the blurriness is effectively reduced.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제28권B호
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• pp.129-133
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• 2008

A method to reduce seam line artifact in spatial compounding of ultrasonic images is presented. Spatial compounding is a speckle reducing imaging technique in which a number of ultrasound images of a given target that have been obtained from multiple view angles are combined into a single compounded image by combining the data received from each data point in the compounded image. Since different view angle results in different view area, and the images of different view arms are combined into an image, the compounded image consists of regions with different signal to noise ratio, and the boundary lines between these regions are visible as seam lines in the compounded images. In this paper, we present an algorithm that reduces the visibility of this seam line in the spatially compounded images. Design procedure for a FIH filter is described and the results of applying the filter to in-vivo ultrasonic images are analyzed.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2009

Using a spatial compound imaging technique in a medical ultrasound imaging system, the average speed of sound in a medium of interest is measured, and imaging of its distribution is implemented. When the brightness reaches the highest level in an ultrasonic image obtained as the speed of sound used in focusing is varied, it turns out that the focusing has been accomplished satisfactorily and that the speed of sound which has been adopted becomes the sought-after average speed of sound. Because spatial compound imaging provides many different views of the same object, the adverse effect of erroneous speed-of-sound estimation tends to be more severe in compound imaging than in plain B-mode imaging. Thus, in compound imaging, the average speed of sound even in the case of speckled images can be accurately estimated by observing the brightness change due to different speeds of sound employed. Using this new method that offers spatial diversity, we can construct an image of the speed of sound distribution in a phantom embedded with a 10-mm diameter plastic cylinder whose speed of sound is different from that of the background. The speed of sound in the cylinder is found to be different from that of the surrounding medium.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.236-241
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• 2008

As the population of olds increases, the number of old people with capability increases, and they actively participate to social works with interests in healthy life and leisures. Therefore the demand rises to expand social facilities to support their spare time, while there are limitation, such as land, financial state, to build such facilities. In case of Japan, a solution of such problem occurs by compounding Social facilities for Old people and local facilities in practical and finacial aspect of the selection of site and managing the facilities and social aspect of supporting oppotunities to use various facilities. Such community based complex facilities supports services depending on the health state of Old people locally residing and increases the communication between different generation. The purpose of this research is aimed to analyze programs and space organization of advanced facilities in Japan and provide basical data for planning complex facilities for old people in Korea.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 1998년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.280.2-286
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• 1998

Flood is the main natural disaster mostly in the world. It is a care problem to prevent flood disaster generally. The frequency of flood disaster is high and the distributing field is wide, the 50 percent population and 70 percent properties distribute at the threaten field of flood disaster in China. Flood disaster has caused a huge amount of economical losses and these losses have an increasing trend. Along with the development of reducing natural disaster action, it has become one of the most attentive problems for monitoring flood, preventing flood and forecasting flood efficiently. Remote sensing has the characteristics of large spatial observing areas, wide spectrum ranges, and imaging far away from the targets, imaging capabilities all weather. Spatial remote sensing information, which records the full, processes of the disaster's occurrence and development in real-time. It is a scientific basis for management, planning and decision-making. Through systemic analyzing the RS monitoring theory, based on compounding RS information, the technology and method of monitoring flood disaster are studied.

• 교육시설
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to analyzing the welfare function of the senior citizen with similar type of compounding the school facility, to analyze the problematical point of present condition. And also propose the spatial constitution which the student and the regional senior citizen are easy to utilize on the basis of the result. In a type of educational facility composition, it became clear that a ratio and the inflection order that elderly welfare facilities occupied of vacant class room were low. In other words, in composition of a school facilities, elderly welfare facilities can be said to be an important problem. As a result of having analyzed an existing compound facilities, there was limited interchange of student and a the aged. In addition, there were problems such as learning environment by an intersection of circulation. Therefore, composition of educational facility and elderly welfare facilities is not space composition that is intersection of simple specification function. In other words, a program of the common space which is necessary for the local community formation is necessary. Setting of semi-public area proposes the function of the existing facility and actual condition of spatial use in prerequisite.

• 복식
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• 제58권8호
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• pp.91-105
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• 2008

Spatial multiplication phenomenon, expressed through de-constructive trend since the late of 20C, have got changed existing fixed and dis-variable space to smooth, fluid, and changeable space. Ex-form and fluidity of new spatial paradigm have been focused through lots of scientific theories studied between digital thought and indeterminacy and rankless nature phenomena. In 21C fashion, indeterminate and irregular form and space have been crested continuously, which could not explain simply according as the fluidity theory Different from the space crested for multi-function and multipurpose, this is revealed the characteristics of chaosmos that communizes the order and the disorder, deconstruction and creation. Ex-formal space of fashion have shown the relationship of de-centerizing, de-territorial, and do-structural phenomenon among different fashion elements. This paper intends to understand the concept of ex-form, and study expressive manners of ex-formal space of 21C fashion, and conclusion as follows. 1) Overlap changes single space of fashion to multi-layered space through the repeat system of pleats, origami, and folding. 2) Ex-gravity expressed in deviation of the gravity acting vertical direction, for example, twisting, curve, winding, portion. 3) Morphing is shown the change process from single fixed form to different complex form. 4) Blurring is expressed in re-combination and re-arrangement among elements of fashion. 5) Blob shows hybrid fashion space through the liberal compounding and separation of a lot of different elements.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1996

본 연구는 원자력발전소 1차측 배관계통의 약 60% 이상을 차지하고 있는 오스테나이트계 스테인레스강 배관 용접부 검사시 낮은 신호 대 잡음비로 결함 발견 및 신호 해석에 있어 많은 문제점을 야기한다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 레이다에서 확립된 신호 처리 기술인 스플릿-스펙트럼 기법을 도입하여 주파수를 다양하게 하고 이 다양한 주파수에 따른 RF신호의 진폭들을 최소화, 극성치 확률 분석 및 최소화-극성치 확률 분석법을 이용하여 개선된 신호 대 잡음비를 얻고자 하였다.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2006

광범위한 지역의 자연환경 정보를 파악하기 위하여 위성 영상자료를 이용하는 것이 적합하지만 선행되어야 할 것은 이러한 위성영상자료를 이용하기 위한 지상에서의 내부 실험과 현장실험을 통한 기초적인 모형식을 만드는 것이 중요하다. 이를 위하여 위성영상자료와 실측수질인자들의 상관관계를 조사하는 것이 보다 정확하고 객관적인 평가 방법이 될 수 있다. 따라서 대기의 영향이 없는 실험실내에서 순수한 담수와 해수를 이용하여 Landsat ETM+ 영상자료의 어느 밴드가 클로로필a 농도파악에 적합한가를 평가하고자 하였다. 그 결과 밴드조합 중 가장 높은 상관관계를 보인 최적밴드는 담수에서 (B3-B4)/B2이고, 해수에서는 (B2+B4)/B3로 이 때의 상관계수가 각각 0.9747, 0.9892이다. 따라서 Landsat ETM+ 영상자료를 이용하여 클로로필a 농도 평가 시 이 밴드를 조합하여 사용하는 것이 유효할 것으로 생각된다.