• BMB Reports
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.113-124
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• 2022

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has greatly advanced our understanding of cellular heterogeneity by profiling individual cell transcriptomes. However, cell dissociation from the tissue structure causes a loss of spatial information, which hinders the identification of intercellular communication networks and global transcriptional patterns present in the tissue architecture. To overcome this limitation, novel transcriptomic platforms that preserve spatial information have been actively developed. Significant achievements in imaging technologies have enabled in situ targeted transcriptomic profiling in single cells at single-molecule resolution. In addition, technologies based on mRNA capture followed by sequencing have made possible profiling of the genome-wide transcriptome at the 55-100 ㎛ resolution. Unfortunately, neither imaging-based technology nor capture-based method elucidates a complete picture of the spatial transcriptome in a tissue. Therefore, addressing specific biological questions requires balancing experimental throughput and spatial resolution, mandating the efforts to develop computational algorithms that are pivotal to circumvent technology-specific limitations. In this review, we focus on the current state-of-the-art spatially resolved transcriptomic technologies, describe their applications in a variety of biological domains, and explore recent discoveries demonstrating their enormous potential in biomedical research. We further highlight novel integrative computational methodologies with other data modalities that provide a framework to derive biological insight into heterogeneous and complex tissue organization.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.2 no.1 s.3
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• pp.91-107
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• 2000

Geographic Information Systems(GISs) generally use a very large amount of spatial data. and are implemented on various software and hardware system. If it is impossible to exchange the spatial data efficiently among the different hardware, software, and operation systems, data sharing will be very difficult and duplicated storage & management of the spatial data will result in a great economic loss. To solve such problems, a national organization established a national standard for GIS and constructed spatial databases at the national level. In Korea, SDTS(Spatial Data Transfer Standard) is selected as a national standard for the common data transfer format. In this paper, we design and implement a SDTS Data Management System which can support display, insertion, update, deletion of SDTS data, extraction and creation of a specified area, error checking and reporting, setting and verification of a SDTS profile through the GUI (Graphic User Interface) environment. Hereafter, as GIS industry is continually activated and a demand for the SDTS data increases, a requirement for analysis and trust of the SDTS data will grow bigger, so the necessity of the SDTS Data Management System developed in this paper will also grow rapidly.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.387-396
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• 2013

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between areas of Korea Train Express (KTX) region and external medical service use in Korean society using spatial statistical model. Methods: The data which was used in this study was extracted from 2011 regional health care utilization statistics and health insurance key statistics from National Health Insurance Corporation. A total spatial units of 229 districts (si-gun-gu) were included in this study and spatial area was all parts of the country excepted Jeju, Ulleungdo island. We conducted Kruskal-Wallis test, correlation, Moran's I and hot-spot analysis. And after, ordinary linear regression, spatial lag, spatial error analysis was performed in order to find factors which were associated with external medical service use. The data was processed by SAS ver. 9.1 and Geoda095i (windows). Results: Moran's I of health insurance patients' external medical service use was 0.644. Also, population density, Seoul region, doctor factors positively associated with health insurance patients' external medical service. In contrast, average age, health care organization per 100 thousand were negatively associated with health insurance patients' external medical service use. Conclusion: The finding of this study suggested that health insurance patient's external medical service use correlated for seoul region in korea. The study results imply the need for more attention medical needs in the region (si-gun-gu unit) for health insurance patients of seoul region. It is important to adapt strategy to activation of primary health care as well as enhancing public health institution for prevent leakage of patients to other areas.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.3-12
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• 2019

Since offline contact becomes a strong differentiator as online market expands, the shopping mall calls for more complex and diverse tenant combinations and deployment plan strategies. There is, however, few practical research and causal verification of Tenant Mix, i.e., the combination and placement of tenant and users' behavior, has been conducted which is a key factor in spatial configuration. In practice, Tenant Mix is limited in prediction of consumption behavior of customers by the MD planners's experience and depends only on qualitative arbitrary plan. The purpose of this study is to find out the interrelationship between the spatial configuration and the users' behavior of Tenant Mix in shopping mall, and to present an objective basis in MD planning. According to the analysis, it was possible to know that there are differences in the relationship between the spatial configuration and the users' behavior dependent on the Tenant Mix, which is the space planning of shopping mall. It was also possible to find out the characteristics and differences in the users' behavior which is dependent on the spatial configuration for each tenant. Through this study, it was possible to know the impact of space organization on the users' behavior and the interrelationship between the use's behavior and spatial configuration by tenant together with their characteristics. We prove that the current MD planning has limitation due to lack of objective research on the combination and arrangement of space in the commercial space and only done empirically. This analysis can show the practical plan of combination and placement of tenant which is emphasized in complex and larger shopping malls, and contribute to the revitalization of shopping mall by better use of tenant.

• IE interfaces
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2009

In mobile device's user interface, menu organization is very important as well as menu structure because small display of mobile device. Menu items should be organized based on user knowledge structure to design user-centered interface. Traditionally, MDS (Multidimensional Scaling) have been most often used to expose users' perceived organization of menu items. But, information that MDS reveals is just relative spatial location of concepts and not relevant to concepts connection. Unlike MDS, Trajectory Mapping explicitly finds users' cognitive links between perceived concepts. This study proposes a Trajectory Mapping technique for eliciting knowledge structure, especially a set of cognitive pathways linking menu items, from end user. With twelve participants, MDS and Trajectory Mapping were conducted using cellular phone's menu items. And user knowledge structure was analyzed through Visual Concept Map that combination of results of MDS and Trajectory Mapping. After then, menu items were organized according to users' perceived organization. Empirical usability test was also conducted. The results of usability test showed that usability, in terms of task performance time, number of errors, and satisfaction, for newly organized interface was significantly improved compare to original interface. The methodology of this study is expected to be applicable to design a user-centered interface. In other words, Trajectory Mapping technique can be used as a design tool of user interface for imposing user knowledge structure on the interface.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.79-92
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• 2016

The development to the high quality of life society requirers not only economic development but also high level of capacity in disaster management which can address the disaster promptly and ready for man made disaster such as fires, traffic accidents, stopping the function of infrastructure in energy and telecommunication sectors. In this research a disaster management system which utilize cadastral data and cadastral sturcure has been p roposed a s a m ean o f enhancement of disaster management capacity. It is expected that to make use of all cadastral information in every disaster management steps, disaster risk information will be calculated and provided by parcel unite and the cadastral organization will participate to disaster management utilizing cadastral organization's nation wide structural network and skilled manpower by adopting parcel-based disaster management system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.135-148
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• 1994

When we put a construction on the space organization form of Seyeon-jong garden through a consequence of drawing analysis, we were able to certify that a certain space construction principle was applied as following. First, the arrangement and organization of space construction element embodied systematic order y clearing the character of space, and heightening the degree of cognizance with the means of functionability, scale, height, decorationability, an inclination of artificiality and nature, systemetic approchability. Second, the space construction element of Seyeon-jong garden pursued a harmony of human work and nature for creating a various atmosphere and visual quality. Third, Seyeon-jong garden constructed the space by establishing the measurement of human scale that introduced a conception of near, middle, distant view on the visual angle. Forth, Yun go san introduced the natural shape of 'The song of five friends' as a construction element, and represented the symbolism that he had seeked for throught he arrangement method, christening, composing technique of the space construction element for expressing ideal space which is described in 'The four season song of fishermen' spatially at Seyeon-jong garden. As the results of this study, that Yun go san created his own ideal space that he longed for at Seyeon-jong garden with applying fixed design system, and he realized his will that he strived to form a complete whole in perfect harmony.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

This study has reviewed the "A survey on the relation between the employees' viewpoint with knowledge management and cultural intelligence among the employees working in Social Security Organization of Ardabil". The present study is functional in terms of objective and the method is descriptive and survey. This has asked the others' ideas and viewpoints concerning a specific subject and has analyzed them. About the nature and the method used, the present research is of correlation research. The population applied in this research includes all employees working in Social Security Organization of Ardabil consisting of 400. The method used for sampling is simple random sampling. To collect the information in the first step of the research the library method has been used. In this research the data has been collected through standard questionnaires. Then, via descriptive and inferential statistics the research data has been characterized and regarding the spatial scaling of the measurement to test the hypothesis the, correlation analysis of Pearson has been used and also to specify the reliability of the questionnaire the Chronbach's Alpha has been taken in use and the SPSS software to analyze the data also. The findings resulted from the study showed that there is a significant relation between the factors concerning employees' efficiency with knowledge management and the cultural intelligence and all hypotheses was confirmed.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2005

As a society advances and develops more rapidly, there is a corresponding increase of cancer. Cancer centers have been the healthcare facilities for the public in Korea. But architectural studies on cancer centers have been insufficient. In this study some methods for the organization of space in the cancer centers in korea. The purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of cancer centers and to collect the data of spatial composition of cancer centers. And the research data collected might be utilized for planning of cancer centers.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2002

Large hospital designs try to accommodate functional needs and spatial organization. The purpose of this study is to propose an effective compositional method by horizontal interconnection of public circulation spaces with 'hospital street'. 'Hospital street' and network of public circulation spaces are major elements of consideration for the design of large hospitals, which not only connect functional components but also provide satisfying environment, amenity and patients' life.