• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

Purpose - The current study analyzes effects of hotel restaurant cook's emotional labor on job satisfaction and customer orientation. Research design and methodology - In order to achieve the current study's goal, sample was extracted targeting cooks working in 5-stars hotels located in Seoul considering spatial and time limitation. Method of research was direct research method with survey. Survey was conducted from April 1st, 2018 to April 20, 2018 (approximately 20 days). Total of 300 surveys were distributed to cooks working in 5-stars hotels located in Seoul, and among those 250 surveys were returned. Among returned 250 surveys, 246 surveys. Results - First, in order to test H1, effect of hotel restaurant cook's emotional labor on job satisfaction (satisfaction on superior and coworker) was analyzed. Second, in order to test H2, effect on hotel restaurant cook's emotional labor on job satisfaction (satisfaction on compensation and promotion) was analyzed. Third, satisfaction on superior and coworker had statistically significantly positive effect on customer orientation, while satisfaction on compensation and promotion did not have statistically significant effect. Conclusions - First, deep acting had statistically significantly positive effect on job satisfaction (satisfaction on superior and coworker), while surface acting did not have statistically significant effect. Second, both deep and surface acting had statistically significantly positive effect on job satisfaction (satisfaction on compensation and promotion). Third, satisfaction on superior and coworker had statistically significantly positive effect on customer orientation, while satisfaction on compensation and promotion did not have statistically significant effect.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.538-561
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• 2020

Recommender Systems (RecSys) have a major role in e-commerce for recommending products, which they may like for every user and thus improve their business aspects. Although many types of RecSyss are there in the research field, the state of the art RecSys has focused on finding the user similarity based on sequence (e.g. purchase history, movie-watching history) analyzing and prediction techniques like Recurrent Neural Network in Deep learning. That is RecSys has considered as a sequence prediction problem. However, evaluation of similarities among the customers is challenging while considering temporal aspects, context and multi-component ratings of the item-records in the customer sequences. For addressing this issue, we are proposing a Deep Learning based model which learns customer similarity directly from the sequence to sequence similarity as well as item to item similarity by considering all features of the item, contexts, and rating components using Dynamic Temporal Warping(DTW) distance measure for dynamic temporal matching and 2D-GRU (Two Dimensional-Gated Recurrent Unit) architecture. This will overcome the limitation of non-linearity in the time dimension while measuring the similarity, and the find patterns more accurately and speedily from temporal and spatial contexts. Experiment on the real world movie data set LDOS-CoMoDa demonstrates the efficacy and promising utility of the proposed personalized RecSys architecture.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.41-48
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• 2009

In this paper, to overcome the limitation of the existing wired fire sensors and alert facilities, the real-time temperature data collected from the fire detectors applied USN is analyzed the time series and spacial features of temperature inside building using the GIS spatial modeling method. Resulting from the analysis of the distribution features by the spacial location and time series, the temperature sensors applied USN is installed by the consideration of the spacial structures features. This paper will suggest the objective and practical guideline of installation of fire sensors applied USN.

• Architectural research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2010

The present study explored the applicability of Visibility Graph Analysis (VGA) techniques to workplace design research. Six types of VGA measures in Depthmap encompassing visual connectivity, three types of visual integration, mean depth, and visual entropy were employed for the analysis of individual privacy for task concentration and group relationship behavior in the open-plan office environment. Data comprised 136 workers in 6 open-plan offices filled with low-paneled (1.2-1.5m) cubicle workspaces. For the statistical analysis, Spearman's rho correlations and t-tests were applied for the spatial and behavioral measures. The results showed that workspace VGA measures have a potential to be useful information to account for workers' concentration privacy and, limitedly, also informal relationships with team members. Visual entropy values especially offer reliable information to predict various aspects of office workers' privacy behavior while visual integration can be used to account for the workers' sense of trust in group relations. The study also discussed the limitation of VGA applications to the workplace context.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.157-166
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• 2016

This study is intended to examine the various kinds of emptiness that are shown in the empty spaces created by Hyo-Sang Seung and Louis I. Kahn. Architecture creates the usefulness of a certain space thanks to its emptiness. The word, 'Emptiness' has the following meanings, 'non-fulfillment', 'non-existence', 'emptiness', 'blankness', 'non-visibility' and 'non-limitation', etc. Such concepts of emptiness can be broadly divided into 'ideological emptiness', 'aesthetic' and 'architectural spatial'. Comparisons regarding such concepts of emptiness as they are expressed in the architectural spaces created by Hyo-sang Seung and Louis I. Kahn shall be identified in this study. Hyo-sang Seung tried to leave numerous open possibilities which can contain everything into a certain space since 'emptiness' is not being used at this moment. Louis I. Kahn tried to contain into a space the essence and silence of that space before something that exists is created. The 'emptiness' created by Hyo-sang Seung and Louis I. Kahn is a specific space which can contain more kinds of non-visible spaces than some visible ones. Thus, such spaces may contain various potentials which are possible because they are empty, because of changes in nature and time, and because of silence and intentions going beyond an artist's original intent.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.187-195
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• 2006

Atomic force microscope (AFM)-based anodic oxidation lithography has gained great in forests in fabricating nanometer scale features on semiconductor or metal substrates beyond the limitation of optical lithography. In this article AFM anodic oxidation lithography and its organic resist layers are introduced based on our previous works. Organic resist layers of self-assembled monolayers, Langmuir-Blodgett films and polymer films aye suggested to play a key role in enhancing the aspect ratio of producing features, the lithographic speed, and spatial precision in AFM anodic oxidation lithography.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.189-200
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• 1998

Educational utilization of the Web has drawn much interest from educational institutions due to advantages such as arousing interest, self-motivated participation, and acquisition of up-to-the-minute information beyond time and spatial limitation. Researches have been focused on searching and retrieving information from the Web in many different ways. In this paper, we introduce Web-based project which emphasizes on an organized and unified way of using the Web, a higher level methodology than just gathering and searching information. The advantages of Web-based project can be considered as wide experiences of the subject, integrated curricular education, creativity development, cultivation of cooperative spirit, global education, etc. We address basic concepts of managing Web-based project and discuss applicable areas. Also, we propose a fundamental design structure of Web-based project.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.481-492
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• 2012

This paper deals with the deepening global competition of talent between regions as well as states in the process of globalization and the transition toward knowledge-base economies. This study figures out the global geography of talent by examining the distribution and spatial changes of the talent at the global scale. It also analyzes key policies and mechanisms by investigating various countries' policies to attract global talents. Finally this paper points out the limitation of current city-regional development strategies for global competition in that it lacks the consideration of the importance of the talent. In response to that, we propose the strategy to focus on the quality of place to attract the global talent for the city-region development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.633-638
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• 2009

This paper presents an optimal design of a magnetorheological(MR) fan clutch based on finite element analysis and also presents torque control of engine cooling fan using a sliding mode control. The MR fan clutch is constrained in a specific volume and the optimization problem identifies the geometric dimension of the fan clutch that minimizes an objective function. The objective function for the optimization problem is determined based on the solution of the magnetic circuit of the initially designed clutch. Under consideration of spatial limitation, design parameters are optimally determined using finite element analysis. After describing the configuration of the MR fan clutch, the viscous torque and controllable torque are obtained on the basis of the Bingham model of MR fluid. Then, a sliding mode controller is designed to control the torque of the fan clutch according to engine room temperature and control performance is evaluated through computer simulation.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.12-18
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• 1997

Beamforming method has a limited spatial resolution because of finite aperture size, so that the estimated source distributions are smoothed within the resolution. Especially for low frequency noise such as mechanical noise, this limitation often diminishes the direct use of beamforming method. In this study, the relation between smoothed beamforming and radiation power distribution of plate has been addressed. By adjustment of aperture size of array, the smoothed beamforming power shows radiation power distribution of plate. Numerical simulations are carried for simply supported plate.