• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2013

The study aims to investigate general characteristics of Jae-sil from an architectural perspective by grasping location, deployment, structure, and plan composition based on existing inhabited conditions in Jeollabukdo. Results derived from the study are as follows. First, the location of Jae-sil is classified into mountainous and village types, and the two types showed a similar distribution. The village type showed the most distribution in the foot of a mountain in the rear of village, while the mountainous type is close to graveyard. The Jae-sil were mostly exposed to south, southeast, and southeast, which was not significantly different from residence. For deployment of the Jae-sil, a "二" shaped house, where main quarter and gated building are parallel located, can be common, indicating that additional attached building is less required. Second, for the platform out of structural components, coursed masonry was conducted by using natural rocks, and placed were a prop on the platform, first line on processed foot stone, and others on natural foot stone. For pillar, front line round columns, while others square columns. The binding type of the upper part of pillar is dominated by jangyeosujang and sorosujang. For wooden frame structure, 5ryangs were the most distributed, and out of these, 1goju 5ryang was the most generally used. For a roof part, it was composed with gambrel roof with single eave, and the roof was constructed by placing traditional Korean tile roof on the top. Third, for a size of Jae-sil out of plan composition, although the facade and the side of it were presented in a diverse manner, 4 facade rooms and 1.5 side rooms were the most frequently presented, and all Jae-sil were equipped with front ceremonial space. For spatial composition of Jae-sil, main floored hall is placed at the center, and each room is placed on the left and right side to secure space for ancestral rite for participants of it, and for a house with 5 rooms or more, it shows that main floored hall and rooms are weighted from side to side.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2017

The cultural tendency based on sharing and cooperation, which has recently been a hot issue, accelerates throughout the world. This study began with a perception that a sharing culture is inherent in urban public spaces. This study aims to conduct a theoretical study of the sharing culture and to analyze the characteristics of the design composition of public spaces. This study selected squares in 16 European cities as cases for analysis. The results are summarized as follows:1)To analyze the design characteristics of public spaces in which a sharing culture is inherent, this study drew the shape and type of planes and sharing elements such as accessibility, symbolism and activity with the squares in the cases. 2)The shape of planes in the squares in the cases has been formed in close relations with the historic meaning and events of the area and the process of the construction of buildings surrounding the square. The squares in the cases were classified into seven plane types, and these squares have developmentally contributed to the formation of a sharing culture as a place for free participation and communication concerning social issues. 3)In the squares in the cases, the weight of road-centered access appears high, and in terms of the construction of human-friendly / environment-friendly infrastructure in the city or judging from the trend of the recent increase of pedestrian-centered plans for public space, it is judged that approaches with a high utilization rate of sidewalk or public transportation would be desirable. 4)Symbolic elements of the square become a device by which citizens can share the historic symbolism, along with artistic inspiration. In addition, by serving as an observatory from which people can take a view of the landscape of the city, it allows visual sharing of the entire city as well as the square. 5)A square is common pool resources in the community, and it is necessary to vitalize that in a direction of increasing the possibility of sharing, through the characteristics and methods of the composition of public design.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.161-169
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• 2008

Recently, appearance is recognized as competitiveness as well as self expressing means, so understanding of general people have been rapidly changed. Also, since modem people have interest in an operation as well as various cosmetic treatment fields, a plastic surgery clinic is expanding its region to laser treatment and skin care for modem people. However, the plastic surgery clinic is not located in a building for only hospitals, but located in general neighborhood living facilities or an office building, so medical treatment is performed at the place. It is often found that a building plan can not conform to conditions that the hospital requires. This study is to understand a plane deciding factor of the plastic surgery clinic by analyzing it in a limit of building space and functional aspects of the plastic surgery clinic. A study method is first to investigate space composition according to the function, area allocation according to the function and a space privacy region after classifying study objects into large, middle, small scales so as to understand a functional role of the plastic surgery clinic, and secondly to analyze on the base of length of long and short edges of space and a moving line system after classifying common space types of the plastic surgery clinic through plane analysis of the study objects. As a result of the study, functional space difference according to the scale was shown, and the common space types were affected by length of the long and short edges, and it can influence space composition.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2013

This study focuses on the regional characteristics observed in the composition and floor plan of folk houses in the Young-cheon region situated in the Southern East inland of Gyungsangbukdo. According to the typical characteristics of the Korean folk house, Young-cheon region is supposed to be classified as the Young-Nam region. Our study shows that the open inverse 'ㄱ' type composition is the most common among others, which consists the living room, UtChae and one BoosokChae that serves as a living room and a farm shop. The typical floor plan is called 'Young Nam type' 'H$\hat{o}$tjib' composed of four rooms. Young Nam type of house has a wall in front of the room floor with a door to make the space with the room floor as the internal space. This can be explained by the climatic conditions in the Southern region of Gyungsangbukdo, which has a very cold winter and has a harsh spring wind in Young-cheon. The structural feature to which we should pay attention is the Young Nam type house has a gambrel roof. The evolutions of the house in the 70s are observed in the roof during the Saemaeul Movement from a hut to a modernized roof. In the 80s, the replacement of the heating system, expansion of rooms, modernization of kitchen, replacement of paper windows, modernization of roof, and construction of amenities had taken place to change the space, construction and structure following the modern house features.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2012

Since 1966 when James Turrell completed his studies on Art, he has been working on the consistent theme of Art. For the 46 years of time, site contexts, scales, methods of light have been changed and they made Turrell's unique 'project series'. Each series has different spatial, visual-perceptual forms and characteristics from other series. The differences were caused by the given situations, but also Turrell intentionally pursued it. However, there are essential theme of art that has not changed in most of Turrell's projects. Target of this paper is to study the unchanged theme as well as the differences. The study starts with three questions: first, what is the geometrical space composition?, second, what is the visual-perceptual phenomenon?, third, what is the hidden consistent theme? This research focuses on three case projects: Wedgework, Space Division Constructions, Skyspaces. These project series are in between the early small object-like installations and the late mega-scale outdoor projects. The study found that geometrical space composition has important role to give visual-perceptual dynamism to the viewer. The phenomenological perception is connected to the questions of relationship between human and space, ultimately human and the world. Although the Merleau-Ponty's philosophy has been related to the work of Turrell in various previous studies, Cartesian 3-dimensional geometry has also crucial role to experiment a viewer's perceptual boundaries. Image of infinity is another aspect of three cases, especially Space Division Constructions and Skyspaces. Through these structure, Turrell's work lead to an ultimate question of meaning for human existence in infinite space. It is hoped that this paper is helpful for Architecture and Interior design field in which light and space are essential.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.126-138
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• 2010

To investigate seasonal variation of fisheries resources composition and their correlationships with environmental factors in the coastal ecosystem of the middle Yellow Sea of Korea, shrimp beam trawl were carried out for the fisheries survey. Fisheries resources of 81 species, 57 families, and 6 taxa totally were collected by shrimp beam trawl in the middle coastal ecosystem of Yellow Sea of Korea. Species were included 6 species in Bivalvia, 6 in Cephalopoda, 22 in Crustacea, 2 in Echinodermata, 5 in Gastropoda, and 40 in Pisces. Diversity indices (Shannon index, H') showed seasonal variation with low value of 2.14 in winter, and high value of 2.67 in spring. Main dominant species were Oratosquilla oratoria, Octopus ocellatus, Acanthogobius lactipes, Cynoglossus joyneri, Rapana venosa venosa, Loligo beka, Chaeturichthys stigmatias, Raja kenojei, Microstomus achne and Paralichthys olivaceus, that were occupied over 58% of total individuals, and 55% of wet weight. Fisheries organism made four coordinative seasonal groups by the principal component analysis (PCA), showing stronger seasonal variation than spatial variation. PC from PCA showed statistically significant cross-correlationships with seawater temperature, $NH_4$-N, TP and chlorophyll a (P < 0.05).

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2023

In this study, the relationship between organic carbon distribution characteristics and decomposition rate classified according to the particle size and biological degradation characteristics in water was investigated for the Nam river and Geumho river. The average concentrations of TOC in the Nam river and Geumho river were 2.7±1.2 mg/L and 5.0±1.2 mg/L, respectively, but the composition ratios for each type of organic carbon were similar. An average value of 80.9% of TOC was present as DOC and 72.8% of DOC consisted of Refractory-DOC (RDOC). In addition, the change in the RDOC composition ratio according to temporal and spatial distribution was the smallest. There was no difference in the decomposition rate of organic carbon except for TOC by the site (p≥0.108, one-way ANOVA), and the decomposition rates of Labile-POC (LPOC) and LDOC were similar at 0.139±0.102 and 0.137±0.149 day^-1, respectively (p=0.110, paired t-test). The coefficient of variation (CV) of the decomposition rate of DOC (average 8.1%), which had the smallest composition ratio of organic carbon, was 1.1, showing the largest temporal variation. The TOC, POC, and DOC decomposition rates showed a significant correlation with the ratio of the initial concentration to the concentration after 25 days of decomposition (OC₂₅/OC₀) (r²=0.89~0.94, p<0.001), and the decomposition rates of LPOC and LDOC were significantly correlated with the ratio of the initial concentration to the concentration after 5 days of decomposition (LOC₅/LOC₀) (r²=0.67~0.75). This suggests that it is possible to estimate the decomposition rate through the concentration of each type of organic carbon.

• 디자인융복합연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.83-98
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• 2015

본 논문은 좋은 원작의 만화나 웹툰이 흥행에 그다지 성공을 거두지 못하고 있는 상황에서 웹툰의 영화화 중 최고의 흥행 스코어를 기록한 <은밀하게 위대하게>가 어떤 시각적 구성요소를 통해 영화관객을 매료시켰는지, 즉 웹툰과 영화에서 표현되는 시각적 텍스트 분석을 통해 이미지의 유사성을 검토하고자 한다. 이러한 논의는 우선적으로 웹툰과 영화의 싱크로율, 즉 이미지의 유사성에서 기인한 흥행성과의 의미를 도출하고자 한다. 또한 오늘날 웹툰의 영화화가 활성화되고 있는 시점에 그간 흥행의 부침을 겪은 웹툰의 영화화가 일시적인 유행이 아니라 지속가능한지에 대한 물음에 답을 구하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 원작 웹툰과 영화화된 <은밀하게 위대하게>의 시각적 구성요소를 비교 분석하여 매체변형에 대한 의미와 가치 그리고 중요성을 제시하고자 한다. 주로 웹툰의 시각적 구성요소와 영화적 요소의 표현형식이 일치하고 있는 장면연출과 칸과 칸의 전환, 그리고 색채와 톤을 위주로 하여 분석할 것이다. 구체적인 구성요소는 화면의 크기, 움직임, 색상과 톤, 배경과 상황, 공간구도와 심도, 콘트라스트, 표현방식과 배열방식으로 텍스트를 나누어 웹툰과 영화의 시각적 표현 방식을 상호 비교한다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2002

피조개 양식장으로 이용되고 있는 남해 연안의 진주만에서 저서 다모류 분포를 밝히기 위하여 van Veen grab 채니기를 이용하여 1999년 8월부터 2000년 5월 사이에 계절별로 4회에 걸쳐 저서동물을 채집하였다. 조사기간 중 총 132종의 저서 다모류가 채집되어, 출현한 전체 저서동물 개체수 중 약 $80\%$를 차지하였다. 다모류의 평균 출현 개체수는 계절별로 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내지 않았으나 생체량은 여름 (8월)에 가장 높았던 반면, 종 다양도와 풍도는 여름철에 가장 낮았다. 이것은 계절에 따른 종조성 변동에 의한 다모류 군집 차이를 반영하는 것으로, 이와 같은 계절변동은 봄철에 소형의 몇몇 r-선택성 기회종과 여름철에 서관을 만드는 Mal-danidae과 종의 출현에 기인하였다. 한편, Capitella Capitata, No-tomastus latericeus 및 Lumbrineris sp.와 같이 유기물이 풍부한 해역에서 흔히 출현하는 종들이 만 전체적으로 연중 높은 밀도를 나타내었다. 남부의 피조개 양식장 수역은 상대적으로 낮은 개체수와 생체량을 나타내었는데, 종 다양도와 풍도 역시 상대적으로 낮은 경향을 보였다. 주성분 분석의 결과는 만내 다른 수역에서 우점하는 Maldanidae과는 물론 소형 기회종의 출현 빈도가 피조개 양식장 수역에서 대단히 낮아 피조개 양식장 수역 저서 다모류 군집이 인근 나머지 정점군들의 군집과 뚜렷이 구분된다는 것을 잘 보여주었다. 다모류 군집의 공간변동은 피조개 양식장 수역 퇴적물의 더욱 세립한 입도 조성과 높은 황화물 농도 및 북부 일부 정점의 낮은 염분 등에 의해서 부분적으로 설명될 수 있었지만, 다른 환경 변수에서 이와 같은 차이는 뚜렷하지 않았다. 진주만에서 다모류 군집의 공간분포는 오히려 봄철에 피조개 채취를 위한 퇴적물의 물리적 교란에 의해 크게 영향을 받는 듯 하였다. 않고 사육조 수면으로 공급되는 우회량이 많을 경우 용존산소는 증가하였으나 수처리 장치로 공급되는 유량이 작아 부유 고형물, 유기물 등의 수질 인자가 악화되는 현상을 보였다.대된다.. 창란젓갈 저장시 품질측정변수에 대한 상관관계를 조사한 결과병포장에서는 용기내 압력, pH, L값, VBN, 관능검사 등이 상관관계가 높아 젓갈 포장에서 품질지표항목으로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.는 0.1 mM과 0.4 mM 및 0.8 mM 배양구는 배양 5시간 후에 최대값이 되어 각각 $204\%$, $198\%$ 및 $191\%$로 증가하였다. 이처럼 BNF나 PB, MC는 명주조개에서도 미크로좀의 CYP 함량과 EROD 활성을 증가시키는 유도효과를 나타내었으며, 특히 MC에 의한 유도효과가 가장 강했고 BNF, PB의 순이었고, 대체로 약물의 농도가 높을수록 유도 효과도 큰 경향을 보였다.이 한국어와는 다른 것이라거나, 한국어 음성학을 공부하지 않고 한국어를 연구할 수 있다는 뜻은 아닙니다. 의학에도 분야마다 전문의가 있듯이, 언어학도 이제 복잡하고 광범한 학문이 되었으므로 분야별로 전문가가 나오게 된 것뿐입니다. 따라서 "나는 통사론에 관심이 있으므로 소리말에는 관심이 없다"고 말하는 언어학자가 있다면, 이 것은 크게 잘못된 것입니다. 마찬가지로 "나는 소리에만 관심이 있으므로 통사론에는 관심이 없다"고 말하는 음성학자가 있다면, 이 또한 안되는 일입니다. 문의 구성과 어휘 요소와 아무 관련이 없는 말소리의 차이가 무슨 소용이 있으며, 통사 구조를 표현하고 저달하는 말소리를 연구하지 않고 어떻게 통사론을 연구할 수 있겠습니까? 다시 간추리면, 언어는 본질적으로 소리말이고, 언어의 특성과 사용 및 습득도 모두 소리말 형태로 나타납니다. 따라서, 영국의 대학은 음성학이 대단히 중요함을 인식하고, 언어학을 올바르게

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.78-91
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• 2015

여자만 저서동물 군집 구조를 파악하기 위하여 87개 정점에서 2001년 7월 grab 채집을 통한 현장 조사를 수행하였다. 여자만은 만 중앙부를 중심으로 니질 퇴적상이 폭넓게 나타나고 있으며 하천으로부터 담수가 유입되는 하구역에서는 모래 함량이 높았다. 조사기간 동안 총 274종, 평균 2,346 개체/$m^2$ 및 $78.2g/m^2$의 저서동물이 출현하였다. 출현종수에서는 다모류가 122종(45%)으로서 가장 우점하였으며, 갑각류가 70종(26%), 연체동물이 57종(21%) 출현하였다. 출현종수 공간분포는 퇴적상 및 저층염분과 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 출현밀도에서도 다모류가 1,543 개체/$m^2$로서 66%를 점유하였는데 모래 함량과는 양의 상관관계를, 니질 및 평균 입도와는 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 극피동물의 밀도는 염분과 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 반면 생체량에서는 연체동물이 $44.4g/m^2$으로서 57%를 점유하였는데, 실트 및 분급과 음의 상관관계를 보였다. Bio-Env 분석 결과 저층염분과 모래 함량의 조합이 대형저서동물 군집에 영향을 미치는 주된 환경요소로 나타났다. 주요 우점종으로서는 기수성 다모류인 Minuspio japonica가 평균 1,167 개체/$m^2$로서 가장 우점하였으나 벌교천 하구역에만 제한적으로 분포하였으며, 옆새우류인 Eriopisella sechellensis의 밀도는 152 개체/$m^2$로서 여자만 내에 광범위하게 분포하였다. 또한 다모류인 Sternaspis scutata와 이매패류의 Corbiculina sp.도 우점적으로 출현하였다. 종 다양도(H')는 여자도를 중심으로 여자만 남측해역은 3.0 이상의 값을 나타낸 반면, 북측해역은 2.0~3.0 범위의 값을 나타내었으며 염분과 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 집괴분석 결과 5개 정점군으로 구분되었는데, SIMPER 분석결과 Minuspio japonica, Eriopisella sechellensis 그리고 Sternaspis scutata의 기여도가 높았으며 여자만 입구에서부터 내만으로 들어가면서 정점군이 순차적으로 배열되는 양상을 보였다. 본 연구 결과로부터 여자만의 여름철 대형저서동물 군집은 퇴적상과 저층염분에 의해 영향을 받고 있음을 알 수 있으며 여자만의 저서환경 변동을 파악하기 위해 주요 우점종 및 군집 공간 분포에 대한 지속적인 모니터링이 필요하다고 판단된다.