• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2005

본 연구는 식물공장용 체인컨베이어식 조간조절장치를 개발하기 위해 수행하였다. 개발 시스템을 재배작물에 실제로 적용하기 위해 평가 시험하였다. 실험결과, 식물공장에서 수경재배되는 채소의 주간을 조절하는 기술을 제공하였다 작물조간조절단계는 매주 수확하는 것으로 하여 4단으로 설정하였고, 단계별 이송속도는 각각 6.4, 9.6, 12.3, 15.8$cm{\cdot}s^{-1}$이었고, 조간조절량은 각각 101.6, 152.4, 203.2, 254.0mm로 나타났다. 1단계에서 4단계로 작물이 이송되는 동안 작물과 재배 홈통의 무게가 17N에서 935N으로 증가함에 따라 구동축토오크도 $11.7\~33.3N{\cdot}m$범위에서 증가하여 이론토크 값보다 $5.9\~9.8N{\cdot}m$ 더 소요되었으며, 이때의 진행 저하율은 $1.6\~2.1\%$이었다. 재배홈통의 이동소요 시간의 설계 값이 2.26초이고 실측값이 2.24초로 잘 일치한 것으로 나타났다. 조간조절장치는 조간조절량이 설계된 값의 $5%$이내 범주에서 잘 조절되고, 시스템으로도 안정적으로 나타나 식물공장용 조간조절장치로 체인컨베이어식 조간조절장치가 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.5-17
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• 2022

저수지 제방의 침투제어를 목적으로 설치하는 감압정의 성능은 감압정의 직경, 간격, 관통율, 지반의 투수계수, 기초지반 지층의 두께 등 다양한 변수에 의해 영향을 받는다. 따라서 침투수압 경감을 목적으로 감압정을 채택하는 경우 이러한 매개변수를 충분히 검토하여 감압정의 설치제원을 결정해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 저수지 제방의 침투제어를 위한 대책공법으로 제방의 하류부에 감압정과 제방의 상·하류부에 토목섬유 블랭킷(이하 블랭킷)을 병행하여 설치하는 경우 블랭킷의 길이가 감압정의 성능에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 상·하류 블랭킷 길이-유량 관계에서 상류 블랭킷의 길이가 증가할수록 감압정에서 배출되는 유량은 감소하며, 하류 블랭킷의 길이가 증가할수록 감압정의 배출 유량은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 상·하류 블랭킷 길이-간격 관계에서 상류 블랭킷의 길이가 증가할수록 감압정의 간격은 증가하며, 하류 블랭킷의 길이가 증가할수록 감압정의 간격은 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 블랭킷과 감압정을 병행하여 설치함으로써 댐제방의 침투안정성을 확보하고자 하는 경우 침투유량의 배출을 최소화하고 감압정의 간격 확대를 통한 경제성 확보를 위해서는 상류의 블랭킷 길이 증가가 하류의 블랭킷 길이 증가보다 더 효율적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1995년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.167-171
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• 1995

The orientation dependence of sputtering rate in the sendust polysrystalline targets was studied, It was fount from the present work that the erosion process is not uniform from one grain to another even within a target because of its polysrystalline nature showing many different orientation of grains. The grains oriented to promote efficient erosion were characterized by the close-packed planes which have large interplanar spacing and strong binding energy, The characteristic line patterns appeared on as-sputter target surface are discussed in terms of symmetry of crystllographic planes.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.7-19
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• 1972

The studies of density effect or the effect of population density on plant growth have been done on basis of dry matter production with Raphanus acanthiformis var. simoodaeguen, Brassica campestris var. Pekinensis f. namsounsokoombecheu, Oryza sativa f. kimmajae and O. sativa f. mangyeng grown in the various spacing. 1. In the early period of plant growth in dry weight was not different each other among varying densities, but as time advanced the plant grown vast space grew sufficiently compared with those of narrow one. 2. Iogarithmic relation between the growth of plant (W) and the density (P), log W-log P in the material plants, were approximated by two straight lines, one was horizontal line and another inclined: the former showed non-competition density and the latter competition density addition to these the point interlinking both lines were implied of the optimum density per unit land area at certain growth period. 3. The values of relatvie growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were decreased as increase in the density, while those of leaf area ratio (LAR) were rather increased in the same condition, with minor exception. From these results and relation between the productive structure and due to lack of the recieved light intensity owing to the mutal shading among the plants.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.577-582
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• 2008

Directional solidification experiments were carried out at $1-300\;{\mu}m/sec$ solidification rates in the single crystal superalloy, CMSX 10. The solid/liquid interface morphology changed from planar to dendritic, and the dendrite spacing became finer as the solidification rate increased. The pool size of the ${\gamma}/{\gamma}'$ eutectic, formed between dendrites, reduced as the solidification rate increased. The phase formation temperatures, such as the solidus, liquidus and eutectic, were estimated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The morphology of the ${\gamma}/{\gamma}'$ phase, known to be eutectic, showed ${\gamma}'$ cells with a $\gamma$ intercellular network, and this ${\gamma}/{\gamma}'$ was composed of coarse and fine ${\gamma}/{\gamma}'$ regions. In this study, it is suggested that the ${\gamma}/{\gamma}'$ phase was a coupled peritectic.The solidification procedure of the ${\gamma}/{\gamma}'$ between dendrites is also discussed.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.217-225
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• 1995

This study was conducted to find design factors of spraying device of the boom sprayer for low volume application. Four types of nozzles(standard flat nozzle, drift guard nozzle, even flat nozzle, and hollow cone nozzle) were used for the spray characteristic experiment. Spray patterns of the nozzles were distinguished by the nozzle type, spray distance, and spray direction. The flow rate was proportional to the square root of spray pressure in all nozzles. Increased nozzle height improved spray distribution at reduced pressures and/or increased spacing. Distribution tended to improve as pressure increased within the range of pressures used for fan nozzles.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of expansion joint spacing (slab size) on the life cycle costs of owning Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) airfield pavements. Previous research has shown that slab size has a statistically significant impact on pavement performance. A probabilistic life cycle cost analysis was performed to determine if the effect of slab size on pavement performance would affect the total cost of ownership of PCC pavements. Data from 48 Pavement Condition Index (PCI) inspections of military and civilian airfields were used to develop probability-of-distress-by-condition curves, which were then used to develop probabilistic cost-of-repair-by-condition curves. A present worth life cycle cost analysis was then performed for various slab sizes, using construction costs, rehabilitation costs, and maintenance costs. Maintenance costs were determined by assuming a condition deterioration rate appropriate for each slab size and applying the cost-by-condition curves. The probabilistic cost-of-repair-by-condition curves indicated that smaller slabs are more expensive to repair on a unit cost basis. Life cycle cost analysis showed that larger slabs have a higher total cost of ownership than smaller slabs due to a faster rate of deterioration.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.99-104
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• 1997

A novel driving theory on the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) pump driven by traveling electric fields without the temperature gradient is proposed. The equations of the generating pressure and the flow rate are derived. The EHD micropump is fabricated by micromachining technology and tested. The channel heights are 50$\mu\textrm{m}$, 100$\mu\textrm{m}$ and 200$\mu\textrm{m}$ are respectively an the channel width is 3 mm. The spacing and width of the electrodes are both 40$\mu\textrm{m}$. The maximum pressure is 70.3 Pa, 35.4 Pa and 17.2 pa at he frequency of 0.2Hz for each channel height (50$\mu\textrm{m}$, 100$\mu\textrm{m}$ and 200$\mu\textrm{m}$) and the maximum flow rate is 0.90x10\ulcorner ${\mu}$$\ell$/min, 1.88x10\ulcorner ${\mu}$$\ell$/min and 4.85x10\ulcorner ${\mu}$$\ell$/min at the frequency of 0.4H for each channel height.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.277-283
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• 2000

The heat transfer characteristics for air jet vertically impinging on a flat plate which had a set of hybrid rod were investigated experimentally. The rod had a cross section made with a half of circular cross section and that of rectangular and was installed in front of the plate. The heating surface was given constant heat flux value of 1020 W/$m^2^{\circ]C$ and the problem parameters investigated were jet Reynolds number, nozzle-to-plate spacing and the rod size. The local and local average Nusselt number characteristics were found to be dependent on the rod size because the flow was disturbed by installing the rod. Higher convective heat transfer rate occurred in the whole plate as well as in the stagnation region.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.578-581
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 Palladium-Metal Induced Lateral Crystallization(Pd-MILC)과 Nickel-Metal Induced Lateral Crystallization (Ni-MILC)을 동시에 사용하여 Ni-MILC의 결정화 속도를 향상시키는 방법을 제안하였다 이 방법을 사용하여 기존의 Ni-MILC 보다 거의 4배나 빠른 결정화 속도인 15 $\mu$m/h를 얻을 수 있었다. Ni과 Pd의 간격이 좁을수록 Ni-MILC의 결정화 속도가 더 빨라졌으며 Pd두께, Ni두께에, 비정질 실리콘 너비와는 큰 의존관계가 없었다. 하지만 Pd이 Ni에 의해 덮혀져 Pd-MILC가 일어나지 못하는 경우에는 이러한 현상이 발견되지 않았다. 이는 Pd물질 그 자체가 Ni-MILC를 향상시키는 것이 아니라 Pd MILC가 진행되면서 발생하는 tensile stress에 의해 향상되는 것임을 의미한다. 이와 같은 현상들을 새로운 MILC mechanism으로 설명하였다.