• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.121-131
• /
• 2002

The rebuilding method for old apartment housing blocks has merits of providing new buildings and larger private living spaces. However, it causes many serious urban problems, such as shortage of infrastructure capacity, traffic congestion, reduction of building life, and deterioration of open space quality. Nowadays, remodeling is accepted as a way of overcoming such negative effects of the rebuilding method. This study focuses on the various techniques of remodeling. The results of this research are as follows; First, old apartment blocks provide poor level of service in general, so they have problems of bad accessibility, deterioration of facilities, and degraded landscape. In many cases, there is a hindrance from walking freely and security problem due to illegal privatization of public spaces. Second, various remodeling techniques are required to meet residents' different needs. The residents of apartment housing value private space above public space, and show low level of willingness to pay cost for remodeling. Third, based on these findings, some remodeling techniques are suggested - integration of a space to another, expansion of spaces, connection of spaces, reuses of roofs and walls, relocation and renovation of paths between buildings, and so on.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.15 no.3 s.56
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 2006

Discussions on transparency have been being analyzed as variedly as the diversity itself in contemporary architecture. Though it is inappropriate to summarize the discussions into several specific viewpoints, as the notional classifications on transparency are varied according to the points of individual researchers, it can be said that, by approaching with the standpoint of the designers who may have various difficulties in the course of design, the meaning of this thesis lies largely in the fact that it attempted to study the architectural application techniques of transparency notion both through surface aspect which could be said to decide on the appearance of the architecture shape and through, in physical aspects as a combination of space components comprising the inner space, spatial aspect to which architectural techniques of transparency notion are applied. Through these, we conclude as follows. 1. Representation Techniques of Transparency in Surface : Transparency from surface viewpoint could be categorized into 1) emphasis on property-of-matter, 2) lightness of Literal material itself, 3) visual ambivalence, and 4) dematerialized hyper-surface. 2. Representation Techniques of Transparency in Space : In spatial viewpoint, transparency is summarized into sub-viewpoints as 1) straightforward space 2) ambiguous spacer 3) expanded space

• 시스템엔지니어링워크숍
• /
• s.4
• /
• pp.90-94
• /
• 2004

System engineering(SE) management techniques applied for space launch system development are introduced to assess the current status and address the effwctiveness of these techniques. Management plans and guides are prepared for the work breakdown structure , data, comfiguration, interface control, Quality assurance, procurement, reliability, risk and verification/validation . Further improvement is required for the system engineering management plan(SEMP) to merge the international cooperation into current engineering managment system.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.437-445
• /
• 2023

A space system refers to a network of sensors, ground systems, and space-craft operating in space. The security of space systems relies on information systems and networks that support the design, launch, and operation of space missions. Characteristics of space operations, including command and control (C2) between space-craft (including satellites) and ground communication, also depend on wireless frequency and communication channels. Attackers can potentially engage in malicious activities such as destruction, disruption, and degradation of systems, networks, communication channels, and space operations. These malicious cyber activities include sensor spoofing, system damage, denial of service attacks, jamming of unauthorized commands, and injection of malicious code. Such activities ultimately lead to a decrease in the lifespan and functionality of space systems, and may result in damage to space-craft and, lead to loss of control. The Cybersecurity Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge (ATT&CK) matrix, proposed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology Research and Engineering (MITRE), consists of the following stages: Reconnaissance, Resource Development, Initial Access, Execution, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, Defense Evasion, Credential Access, Discovery, Lateral Movement, Collection, Command & Control, Exfiltration, and Impact. This paper identifies cybersecurity activities in space systems and satellite navigation systems through the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)'s standard documents, former U.S. President Trump's executive orders, and presents risk management activities. This paper also explores cybersecurity's tactics attack techniques within the context of space systems (space-craft) by referencing the Sparta ATT&CK Matrix. In this paper, security threats in space systems analyzed, focusing on the cybersecurity attack tactics, techniques, and countermeasures of space-craft presented by Space Attack Research and Tactic Analysis (SPARTA). Through this study, cybersecurity attack tactics, techniques, and countermeasures existing in space-craft are identified, and an understanding of the direction of application in the design and implementation of safe small satellites is provided.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.21-32
• /
• 2002

This study aims to find out the way of revitalizing of natural riverfront space in terms of ecological aspect. At the first part, theoretical made in terms of concept, planning aspects and techniques which were main bases for the study. It begins by explaining the concept of ecological riverfront space, the main aspect and techniques of its planning. After this, it analysis eight cases(four cases in Korea, Swiss, Germany, America and Japan) in terms of the objects, planning techniques and the results of development. It continues by making detailed analysis according to four objectives like 'protection from flood', 'quality of the river', 'ecological preservation' and 'active usage of riverfront space'. It ends by evaluating the relationship between objectives and the planning which will be adapted to the future development of riverfront space with ecological aspect. In conclusion, hereafter will propose desirable design-direction for revitalization about riverfront space about ecological aspect design in urban.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.376-382
• /
• 2020

In the 1970s and 1980s, space installations in films became a new approach to film research. Many film directors and theoretical scholars believe that the space setting in films, other than textual stories, is an important core of film narrative research. Early film scholars have proposed that the film space with sensory narrative mode as the core motive force can promote people's in-depth understanding of the film content. Therefore, many researchers have tried to emphasize the importance of space in films through Hitchcock's films, but have not analyzed the elements and techniques of film space performance in detail. Reviewing the Hitchcock's classic crime film, through the space set in the traditional film, we can discover the movie techniques and concepts related to space. Therefore, this study takes Hitchcock's classic crime film as an example, and through analysis of film space expression techniques, attempts to propose factors for film space creation and bring new spatial perception effects to the audience.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.50 no.1
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2013

Existence of pramarts selectors for multivalued pramart whose values are convex weakly compact subsets of a separable Banach space E (resp. subsets of a dual space $E^*$) are established. Representation theorems for multivalued pramarts are also presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2005

System engineering(SE) management techniques applied for space launch system development are introduced to assess the current status and address the effectiveness of these techniques. Management plans and guides are prepared for the work breakdown structure, data, configuration, interface control, quality assurance, procurement, reliability, risk and verification/validat ion. Further improvement is required for the system engineering management plan(SEMP) to merge the international cooperation into current engineering management system.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.364-371
• /
• 2004

This thesis is proposing novel RPWM(Random PWM) techniques that can locate PWM pulse to do random. RPWM techniques to propose locates SVPWM(Space Vector PWM) pulse by number of each random and principle to locate of pulse applies different random function and locate pulse. For propriety verification of proposed techniques, achieve an simulation and experiment that use MATLAB/SIMULINK about proposed RPWM techniques algorithm and IGBT inverter composition that use DSP(TMS320C31). Specially, analyze harmonic spectra of inverter output current when the induction motor speed is more than 10,000 rpm, confirm that RPWM's effect in high speed degree appears. Proposed RPWM techniques propriety prove from reduction effect of harmonic magnitude that corresponds to an integer times of switching frequency.

• Journal of Space Technology and Applications
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.165-198
• /
• 2023

According to the studies recently published through advanced maui optical and space surveillance technologies (AMOS) Conference 2021, LEO conjunction assessment revolves around not on operating satellites but space debris such as rocket bodies and non-operational satellites, hence suggesting a solution through space traffic management. Against this backdrop, the issue of active debris removal (ADR) has emerged to the surface as an international challenge throughout the globe. In step with this, the United Nations General Assembly approved a resolution calling on nations to halt tests of direct-ascent anti-satellites, to which U.S. and twelve other nations included Republic of Korea were original signatories. ADR techniques are also actively being researched in the civil sector, and these commercial services, if successfully developed, could possibly be utilized for military use as well. As such, this paper will help readers' understanding for the current status of ADR techniques, space threat assessments, on-orbit rendezvous and proximity operations by looking at previous cases, reflecting on space-faring nations' ADR techniques and its development probability in relation to space weapons. As a conclusion, this study will propose the needs of developing space propulsion system by understanding Space Maneuver Warfare in preparation for the future space battlefield.