• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.115-121
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• 2002

The objective of this study is to find out demographic characteristics, motivation to move, housing values, and present housing satisfaction of expected purchasers, so that the results contribute to better planning of the medium size apartments at Guyoung in Ulsan city The field survey on 472 households has been carried out at suburbs of Ulsan. Major findings are as follows : 1) Demographic characteristics, motivation to move, housing values, and present housing satisfaction differ as the size expected purchasers live in at present. 2) To increase the motivation to move to Guyoung, well designed of planning common space, parking area, cultural and welfare facilities is essential. 3) To enhance the satisfaction level, better plan of dinning space and second bathroom is important for the apartments of 20py.s(~$m^2$), and that of family bathroom and utility space for the apartments of 30py.s(~$m^2$).

• Korean Architects
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• s.535
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• pp.20-21
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• 2013

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.25-35
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• 1996

This study is to find countermeasures of facility space according to the development of new educational program and the opening of education market from the renewal of existing facilities. The renewal is consider as the worldwide trend for enhancing added value of the facilities in economic side of educational facilities as well as educational contents. This study selects six from 94 elementary schools in Kwangju-city to examine our educational conditions, understand using conditions and recognition of existing space and possibility of the recycle. The hypothesis that recognition of existing facility space in school may be varied according to physical conditions of children is made in four sides, six elements and two trends are extracted and then life pattern, size, sense of materials and cognition of three types of passage space are analyzed. Accordingly, this study obtains such results that passage space is life space having strong place concept and there is the possibility of renewal of existing school building facilities corresponding to multipurpose of school facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 2008

The purpose of the study is to provide design guidelines and space structure of health rooms for elementary and middle schools. In order to do that, with the subject of health teachers from 96 schools in Seoul city, which remodeled the health rooms in 2005 and 2006, the research was carried out. Through the research, we organized the collected opinions and current situation about the procedures of the promotion, size, location and space formation. Based on that, we could acquire a better grasp of a type of space structure for the guidelines. From the research, we realized that in terms of location, size, and internal space structure, it has been improved compared to the past. However, we also saw more rooms for improvements in the coming future. We believe that such result will be utilized as the basic information for the roadmap of new space structure of health rooms at current schools and new schools.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.297-303
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• 2021

The performance of the retail industry in a country, which simultaneously reflects the demand for retail space, is significantly influenced by the macroeconomic environment of said country. However, in the case of Malaysia, studies regarding this issue are limited. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the macroeconomic determinants of the demand for retail space in shopping centers in Malaysia through the study of six variables: per capita income, private expenditure, inflation rate, interest rate, total population, and the number of tourists arrival. The nexus between these variables and the demand for retail space in shopping centers were examined by cointegration and causality tests, and regression analysis using quarterly data for the period 1993Q1 to 2016Q4. The results from bivariate cointegration tests indicate that inflation rate, interest rates, population size, and the number of tourists arrival have significant long-run relationships with the demand for retail space of Malaysian shopping centers. Meanwhile, the Granger causality tests show that only population size can cause the demand for shopping centers' retail space. Finally, the results from the regression analysis revealed that income per capita, private expenditure, interest rates, and population are the variables that significantly influence the demand for the retail space of the Malaysian shopping centers.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.155-170
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• 1997

Currently, increasing the number of artillery units requires more deployment space in FABA. However, available positions of artillery units in FEBA is limited due to mountainous terrains. Therefore, it is hard to find enough artillery position space in accordance with the field artillery mannual. This paper studies on determination of the size of battery position in order to maximize the firing-effectiveness and to minimize the enemy threat. Also, it studies the possibility of reducing the size of a battery position. The optimum size of a battery position id obtained by using Dantzig's model and Supper Quick II model which produces the probability of kill data with various input data. As a result, it shows that the size of battery position can be reduced without decreasing the firing-effectiveness.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.55-57
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• 2017

Presently, the number of known asteroids is more than 710,000. Knowledge of size and albedo is essential in many aspects of asteroid research, such as the chemical composition and mineralogy, the size-frequency distribution of dynamical families, and the relationship between small bodies in the outer solar system or comets. Recently, based on the infrared all-sky survey data obtained by IRAS, AKARI, and WISE, the large asteroid catalogs containing size and albedo data have been constructed. In this paper, we discuss the compositional distribution in the main belt regions based on the compiled data on size, albedo, and separately obtained taxonomic type information.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.18 no.36
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• pp.133-141
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• 1995

One of the problems brought up in the effective execution of genetic algorithms is that if they come under any influences according as the population size is large or small. In the case of small population size the opportunities of premature convergence are increased when the greatly powerful or no good individual is generated during search of the solution space. And searching the solution space in the case of large population size, the difficulties under the execution cause to searching all for one by one individual in every generation applied is limited, this gives the many interruptions to the convergence of final solution. Now this paper gives a suggestion to set up the adaptive population size which could compute the more correct solution and simplify the development of computation performance.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.57.4-58
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• 2021

Asteroids have undergone various processes such as impacts, space weathering, and thermal evolution. Because they expose their surfaces to space without atmosphere, these evolutional processes have been recorded directly on their surfaces. The remote-sensing observations have been conducted to reveal these evolutional histories of the target asteroids. For example, crater and boulder distributions are unambiguous evidence for past nondestructive impacts with other celestial bodies. Multiband and spectroscopic observations have revealed space-weathering history (as well as compositions). Whereas most physical quantities have been examined intensively using spacecraft and telescopes, only a little has been studied on "the grain size". It is one of the fundamental physical quantities for diagnosing the collisional and thermal history of asteroids. Our group has conducted polarimetric research of asteroids (as well as Moon [1]) to determine the particle size and further investigate the evolutional histories of target asteroids [2],[3]. For example, the existence of regolith on an S-type asteroid, Toutatis, was suggested almost twenty years before space exploration [4]. Moreover, we reported that near-Sun asteroids indicate a signature of submillimeter grains, which could be created by a thermal sintering process by solar radiation [5]. However, it is important to note that in-situ polarimetry has not been reported on the asteroid surface, although the Korean Lunar Exploration Program aims to do polarimetry on the lunar surface [6]. Therefore, it is expected that the polarizer mounted on the Korean Apophis spacecraft can make the first estimate of the grain size and its regional variation over the Apophis surface. In this presentation, we outline research of S-type asteroid surfaces through remote-sensing observations and consider the role of polarimetry. Based on this review, we consider the purpose, potentiality, and strategy of the polarimetry using the onboard device for the Apophis spacecraft. We will report a possible polarization phase curve of Apophis estimated from ordinary chondrites and past observational data of S-type asteroids, taking account of the space weathering effect. Based on this estimation, we will consider the strategy of how to determine the particle size (and space weathering degree) of the Apophis surface. We will also mention the detectability of dust hovering on the surface.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.23-31
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• 2014

In this study, in order to analyze customers' space satisfaction, ten modern high-class Korean restaurants, five in New York and another five in Seoul, that were opened or remodeled after 2008 were selected and satisfaction characteristics survey of 197 customers who use these Korean restaurants was conducted by using Likert 5-point scale. The study results(a high reliability was obtained showing the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of average 0.895 for all questions) were analyzed for the frequency, percentage, mean, etc. and the mean between groups were comparatively analyzed by conducting the t-test, Duncan's test by using the SPSS 18.0 statistical program. The results are as follows. First, the results of customers general characteristic comparative analysis, all the Seoul and New York customers have comparatively high academic ability, high income and eating-out expenses. The main customers in Seoul were the women in their thirties and forties while those in New York were mainly in their forties and fifties both men and women at similar rate. Second, as to the satisfaction with the interior, the satisfaction with finishing materials was little higher in New York as Seoul (3.30 points) and New York (3.86 points). The satisfaction with color was relatively higher in Seoul (3.66 points) and relatively lower in New York (3.18 points). As the satisfaction with furniture and decorating accessories was relatively lower in both Seoul (3.10 points) and New York (3.48 points). The satisfaction with space size in Seoul (the total space size: 3.99 points, private space size; 3.90 points) was relatively higher than that in New York (the total space size: 3.46 points, private space size; 3.28 points). The satisfaction with interior and exterior in both Seoul (exterior: 3.63 points, interior: 3.40 points) and New York (exterior: 3.28 points, interior: 3.39 points) were average. For the satisfaction of environment, Seoul (3.42 points) was slightly lower than that of New York (3.56 points). Third, the result of customers' satisfaction in Seoul and New York showed no commonality. Therefore in order to be renewed as the Korean restaurants with high customer satisfaction, it is expected that the Korean restaurants located in Seoul and New York need to plan the space by considering their customers' characteristics and satisfactions.