• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2024

Faced with aging populations, declining resources, and limited agricultural productivity, rural areas in South Korea require innovative solutions. This study investigated the potential of drone-based vegetation indices (VIs) to analyze soybean growth patterns in open-field smart agriculture in Goesan-gun, Chungbuk Province, South Korea. We monitored multi-seasonal normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the normalized difference red edge (NDRE) data for three soybean lots with different irrigation methods (subsurface drainage, conventional, subsurface drip irrigation) using drone remote sensing. Combining NDVI (photosynthetically active biomass, PAB) and NDRE (chlorophyll) offered a comprehensive analysis of soybean growth, capturing both overall health and stress responses. Our analysis revealed distinct growth patterns for each lot. LotA(subsurface drainage) displayed early vigor and efficient resource utilization (peaking at NDVI 0.971 and NDRE 0.686), likely due to the drainage system. Lot B (conventional cultivation) showed slower growth and potential limitations (peaking at NDVI 0.963 and NDRE 0.681), suggesting resource constraints or stress. Lot C (subsurface drip irrigation) exhibited rapid initial growth but faced later resource limitations(peaking at NDVI 0.970 and NDRE 0.695). By monitoring NDVI and NDRE variations, farmers can gain valuable insights to optimize resource allocation (reducing costs and environmental impact), improve crop yield and quality (maximizing yield potential), and address rural challenges in South Korea. This study demonstrates the promise of drone-based VIs for revitalizing open-field agriculture, boosting farm income, and attracting young talent, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable and prosperous future for rural communities. Further research integrating additional data and investigating physiological mechanisms can lead to even more effective management strategies and a deeper understanding of VI variations for optimized crop performance.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2004

A long-term growth simulation was performed at 99 land units in Yeoncheon county to test the potential adaptability of each land unit for growing soybean cultivars. The land units for soybean cultivation(CZU), each represented by a geographically referenced land patch, were selected based on land use, soil characteristics, and minimum arable land area. Monthly climatic normals for daily maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, number of rain days and solar radiation were extracted for each CZU from digital climate models(DCM). The DCM grid cells falling within a same CZU were aggregated to make spatially explicit climatic normals relevant to the CZU. A daily weather dataset for 30 years was randomly generated from the monthly climatic normals of each CZU. Growth and development parameters of CROPGRO-soybean model suitable for 2 domestic soybean cultivars were derived from long-term field observations. Three foreign cultivars with well established parameters were also added to this study, representing maturity groups 3, 4, and 5. Each treatment was simulated with the randomly generated 30 years' daily weather data(from planting to physiological maturity) for 99 land units in Yeoncheon to simulate the growth and yield responses to the inter-annual climate variation. The same model was run with input data from the Crop Experiment Station in Suwon to obtain a 30 year normal performance of each cultivar, which was used as a "reference" for evaluation. Results were analyzed with respect to spatial and temporal variation in yield and maturity, and used to evaluate the suitability of each land unit for growing a specific cultivar. A computer program(MAPSOY) was written to help utilize the results in a decision-making procedure for agrotechnology transfer. transfer.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.878-886
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 레이더파 편파 차이비율에서 얻어진 밴드별 Polarimetric Discrimination Ratio (PDR)와 콩 생육인자 및 토양수분과의 관계를 분석하고 PDR를 이용하여 콩 생육 및 토양수분을 추정하고자 하였다. 기후 등의 영향을 받지 않고 10분 단위로 레이더 산란 측정을 할 수 있는 L, C, X-밴드 레이더 산란계 자동측정시스템을 이용하여 PDR와 콩 생육인자 변화를 모니터링 하였다. 콩 생육시기에 따른 밴드별 PDR과 콩 생육인자 변화를 관측한 결과 L-밴드 PDR이 C-, X-밴드 PDR보다 높게 나타났고, 밴드별 PDR이 가장 높게 보인 시기는 L-밴드PDR (DOY 271), C-, X-밴드 PDR (DOY 273)로 거의 일치하였고, 엽면적지수, 식생수분함량, 생체중, 초장 등 콩생육인자들도 동일한 경향을 보였는데 콩 파종 이후 증가하다가 9월 27일 (DOY 270)에 최대값을 보인 후 감소하였다. 하지만 토양수분은 콩 생육인자들과 다른 경향을 보였다. 생육기간동안 토양수분의 변이가 컸고 PDR과 상관성 도 높지 않았다. 하지만 엽면적지수가 2이하 일 때 콩PDR이 증가함에 따라 토양수분도 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 밴드별 PDR과 콩 생육인자와의 상관관계를 분석하였다. L-밴드 PDR에서 생체중 (r=$0.96^{***}$), 엽면적지수 (r=$0.91^{***}$),식생수분함량 (r=$0.94^{***}$), 토양수분 (r=$0.86^{**}$)등 모든 콩생육인자들과 상관계수가 가장 높게 나타났다. C-, X-밴드 PDR에서도 토양수분을 제외한 다른 인자들과 대체로 상관성이 높았다 ($r{\geq}0.83$). 전체 생육기간에서 PDR과 토양수분과의 상관성은 낮았지만 엽면적지수 2 이하 일 때(DOY 220) 모든 밴드에서 PDR과 토양수분과의 상관계수가 전체 생육단계에서 조사한 것 보다 높게 나타났다. 콩 생육인자들과의 상관분석에서 상관계수가 가장 높은 L-밴드 PDR를 이용하여 콩 생육인자 추정을 위한 회귀식을 작성하고 생육인자 실측값과 추정값을 비교하였다. L-밴드 PDR과 생육인자들과의 관계를 비교해 본 결과 생체중 ($L^2$=0.95), 엽면적지수 ($L^2$=0.89), 식생수분함량 ($L^2$=0.93)에서 결정계수가 높게 나타났고 생육인자 실측값과 추정값을 1:1 선상에서 비교해 본 결과 작은 오차를 보여 추정모형의 유효성이 높다는 것이 증명되었다. 본 연구를 통해 PDR를 이용하여 콩 생육 및 토양수분을 추정할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1127-1142
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• 2011

The aim of this investigation was to select effective Pseudomonas sp. strains that can enhance the productivity of soybean-wheat cropping systems in Vertisols of Central India. Out of 13 strains of Pseudomonas species tested in vitro, only five strains displayed plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties. All the strains significantly increased soil enzyme activities, except acid phosphatase, total system productivity, and nutrient uptake in field evaluation; soil nutrient status was not significantly influenced. Available data indicated that six strains were better than the others. Principal component analysis (PCA) coupled cluster analysis of yield and nutrient data separated these strains into five distinct clusters with only two effective strains, GRP3 and HHRE81 in cluster IV. In spite of single cluster formation by strains GRP3 and HHRE81, they were diverse owing to greater intracluster distance (4.42) between each other. These results suggest that the GRP3 and HHRE81 strains may be used to increase the productivity efficiency of soybean-wheat cropping systems in Vertisols of Central India. Moreover, the PCA coupled cluster analysis tool may help in the selection of other such strains.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.191-201
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 다편파 레이더 산란계 자동 측정시스템 이용하여 콩 생육변화를 관측하고 레이더 시스템에서 얻어진 후방산란계수과 콩 생육인자들과의 관계분석을 통하여 콩 생육추정 가능성을 모색하고자 하였다. 2010년도 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 연구지역에 다편파 레이더 산란계 관측시스템 (L, C, X-밴드 안테나, 네트워크분석기, RF switch, 입사각 $40^{\circ}$)을 구축하고 콩 파종시기에서 수확기까지 10분단위로 콩 생육변화를 자동 측정하였다. 모든 안테나 밴드, 편파에서 콩 생육초기 (6월초~7월 중순)에는 VV-편파가 HH-, HV-편파보다 후방산란계수가 높게 나타났고, 그 이후 HH-편파와 다른 편파들 간의 cross-over 현상이 일어났는데 그 시기는 L-밴드가 7월 20일 (DOY 200), C-, X-밴드의 경우에는 7월 30일 (DOY 210)로 밴드에 따라 차이를 보였다. 모든 밴드 및 편파에서 9월 29일 (DOY 271)까지 후방산란계수가 증가하다가 그 이후 감소하였고 특히 종실비대기 (DOY 277, R6) 이후 감소폭이 크게 나타났는데 이 현상은 콩 생육인자 (초장, 엽면적지수, 건물중 등)변화와 일치하였다. 밴드에 따른 후방산란계수와 콩 생육인자들과의 관계를 분석한 결과 L-밴드 HH-편파에서 LAI ($r=0.93^{***}$), 초장 ($r=0.95^{***}$), 건물중 ($r=0.94^{***}$), 꼬투리중 ($r=0.92^{***}$)등 콩 생육인자들과의 상관계수가 가장 높게 나타났고 이에 비해 X-밴드 편파에서는 콩 생육인자들과의 상관계수가 상대적으로 낮게 나타났다. 후방산란계수 (L-밴드 HH-편파)를 이용하여 콩 생육인자 추정을 위한 회귀식을 작성하였다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.773-777
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• 2006

Growth of Bacillus cereus was assessed during the storage of seasoned soybean sprouts at 0,5, 10, and $15^{\circ}C$. No lag time in its growth curve was observed and thus the specific growth rate of B. cereus in the exponential growth phase was estimated for bootstrapped microbial count data. The distribution of the specific growth rate could be explained by the BetaGeneral distribution function, and temperature dependence was described by the Ratkowsky square root model. The temperature dependence of the growth could be successfully incorporated into the differential equation of microbial growth to predict the B. cereus count on the seasoned soybean sprouts under fluctuating temperature conditions. Safe shelf lives with different probabilities to reach $10^5\;CFU/g$ were presented at four different temperatures, considering the variation in initial contamination and specific growth rate by the Monte Carlo method and 2-step bootstrapping, respectively. Safe shelf lives defined as the time with a probability of less than 0.1% of reaching the critical limit, were 13.4, 5.2, 3.6, and 2.8 days at 0, 5, 10, and $15^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2017

In attempt to avoid crop damage through wild bird's picking, this study was designed with aim to evaluate several pre-sowing soybean seed coatings for optimum yield in corn-soybean mixed forage. It was investigated under four cropping treatments, viz. 1) corn sole, 2) corn mixed with soybean without any coating, 3) corn with iron coated soybean and 4) corn with thiram coated soybean. Each treatment had three replicates and corn sole was control treatment. Pioneer (P1184) and crossbred ($PI483463{\times}Hutcheson$) seeds were used for corn and soybean, respectively. The trial was conducted under randomized block design from $5^{th}$ June to $23^{rd}$ September, 2015. Data were an alyzed through ANOVA technique using SAS9.1.3 software. Results depicted that survivability of soybean against wild birds damage was found better (p<0.05) in thiram coating which was higher than iron coating and control treatment but later on thiram coating had adverse effects on subsequent growth of soybean plants. Corn stalk height was decreased (p<0.05) in thiram coating, whereas corn ear height was reduced in iron coating treatment. Iron coating enhanced (p<0.05) height of soybean plant (p<0.05) better than that of thiram coating. Soybean seed coatings didn't influence dry matter yield and nutritive value in terms of total digestible nutrients yield in corn soybean mixed forage. Conclusively, although presowing thiram coating enhanced survivability of soybean plants against wild bird damage but had adverse effects on its subsequent growth. However, soybean seed coatings didn't influence yield and nutritive value of corn soybean intercropping forage.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.58-58
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• 2022

With the development of advanced technology, automation of agricultural work is spreading. In association with the 4th industrial revolution-based technology, research on field smart farm technology is being actively conducted. A state-of-the-art unmanned automated agricultural production demonstration complex was established in Naju-si, Jeollanam-do. For the operation of the demonstration area platform, it is necessary to build a sophisticated, advanced, and intelligent field smart farming model. For the operation of the unmanned automated agricultural production demonstration area platform, we are building data on the growth of soybean for smart cultivated crops and conducting research to determine the optimal time for agricultural work. In order to operate an unmanned automation platform, data is collected to discover digital factors for water management immediately after planting, water management during the growing season, and determination of harvest time. A subsurface drip irrigation system was established for smart water management. Irrigation was carried out when the soil moisture was less than 20%. For effective water management, soil moisture was measured at the surface, 15cm, and 30cm depth. Vegetation indices were collected using drones to find key factors in soybean production prediction. In addition, major growth characteristics such as stem length, number of branches, number of nodes on the main stem, leaf area index, and dry weight were investigated. By discovering digital factors for effective decision-making through data construction, it is expected to greatly enhance the efficiency of the operation of the unmanned automated agricultural production demonstration area.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.343-348
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• 2015

1. 남부지역에서 대원콩을 이용하여 재배한 결과, 주당본수를 높일수록 식물체 간 경합에 의해 경장은 길어지고 경태는 가늘어지며 분지수가 감소하여 도복에 취약한 초형으로 생육한다. 다만 만파재배 시에는 생육기간이 단축되므로 주당본수를 높이더라도 도복이 우려될 만큼 경장이 신장하지 않는다. 2. 마디수는 주당본수 별로 유의한 차이가 나지 않았으며 협수는 주당본수가 높아질수록 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 3. 재식밀도의 증가에 의한 증수효과는 7월 중순이후로 극만파할 때에 관찰되며 1주 4본 재배 시 표준재배에 비하여 34 % 증수효과가 있었고, 1주 5본 이상 재배할 경우 오히려 수량이 감소하였다. 4. 따라서 만파재배 시에는 밀식하여도 잘 도복하지 않으며 $70{\times}20cm$로 재배할 때 1주 4본까지 재식밀도를 높이는 것이 수량증대에 유리하다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.320-324
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• 2018

발효대두 청국장에는 대두단백질이 발효에 의해 분해 형성된 다양한 펩타이드류가 들어 있다. 청국장 추출물이 처리된 유방암세포의 microarray data와 잘 알려진 유방암 전이 마커를 합쳐서 새로운 연결망이 제조되었으며 이를 이용해 전이 마커와 발현 차이가 있는 단백질 사이의 상호작용을 체크하였다. 연결망 분석을 통해 PLAU (plasminogen activator, urokinase, uPA)와 ERBB2 (epidermal growth factor receptor 2)를 실제 전이 가능성을 보여주는 유전자로 선택하였다. MCF7 암세포를 청국장추출물로 처리하고 PLAU와 ERBB2 발현정도를 측정하였다. 청국장 추출물은 PLAU와 ERBB2 발현을 상당히 억제하였다. 청국장 추출물을 처리한 암세포에서 염증 마커인 NO의 생산이 감소하였다. 인간 유방암세포에서 PLAU와 ERBB2 발현을 특이적으로 감소시키는 펩타이드를 찾아내는 것은 흥미로운 일일 것이다.