• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.607-616
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• 2018

Flow regime-based ANFIS Dam Inflow Prediction (FADIP) model is developed and compared with ANFIS Dam Inflow Prediction (ADIP) model in this study. The selected study area is the Chungju and Soyang multi-purpose dam watersheds in South Korea. The dam inflow, precipitation and monthly weather forecast information are used as input variables of the models. The training and validation periods of the models are 1987~2010 for Chungju and 1984~2010 for Soyang dam watershed. The testing periods for both watersheds are 2011~2016. The results of training and validation indicate that FADIP has better training ability than ADIP for predicting dam inflow in normal and low flow regimes. In the result of testing, ADIP shows low predictability of dam inflow in the low flow regime due to the model tuning on all flow regime together. However, FADIP demonstrates the improved accuracy over the entire period compared to ADIP, especially during the normal and low flow seasons. It is concluded that FADIP is valuable for the prediction of dam inflow in the case of drought years, and useful for water supply management of the multi-purpose dam.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.435-438
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 최근 집중호우로 인해 탁수문제가 심각한 소양강 유역의 효과적인 탁수 관리를 위한 SWAT 모형 구축 및 유역의 시공간 토사유실 분석을 실시하였다. 검보정된 SWAT 모형을 이용하여 소유역별 부유사 발생량을 분석한 결과 조항천, 영실천/북천 상류, 인북천 상류 유역(서쪽) 등에서 연간 10톤/ha이 상의 부유사가 발생하여 소양강댐 유역에서의 탁수유발에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 어론천, 자운천 등은 연간 6톤/ha이상의 부유사 발생이 예측되었다. 특히 내린천의 최상류 두 유역인 조항천과 주운천 유역에서 발생하는 부유사는 소양강 전체 유역에서 발생하는 부유사의 13.6%를 차지하는 것으로 나타나 이 유역들에 대한 토사유실 저감대책이 필요하다고 판단된다. 한편 유역에서 발생하는 부유사량의 시간별 특성을 알아보기 위하여 댐 유입부에 유입되는 부유사량의 분포를 분석한 결과, 최근 6년간 발생한 부유사량을 연도별로 살펴보면 2003년에 최고 약 1,200,000톤이 댐으로 유입되는 것으로 나타났으며, 2005년도에 최저 40,000톤이 유입된 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 각 소유역별로 탁수를 유발하는 토사 유실량 평가, 유역의 토사유실 저감대책 효과분석 및 저수지 모형과의 연계를 통한 유입된 탁수의 효율적인 관리 대책 수립에 이용될 것이다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.455-478
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• 1998

The result as following one was founded that investigate cause and acupuncture point for symptoms of headache; 1. Headache in distinction from doo-pung(頭風.) was defined that it' period is short and treatment is easy. 2. The cause of headache was classified according to the interior and exterior cause of the body. 3. Total number of used acupuncture point was one hundred and six, and in order of using time acupuncture point was appeared as LI4(15), LU7(12), GB20(12), BL2(11), GV20(9), TE23(9), SI3(7), GV24(7), GV23(7) 4. The meridian distribution of acupuncture point is appeared as Bladder Meridian(21points), Gallbladder Meridian(18points), Governer vesseI(14points), Triple Energizer meridian(12points), Large Intestine Meridian(9points), Small Intestine Meridian(7points), Stomach Meridian(7points) 5. According to headache position, the distribution of acupuncture point $Yangmy\check{o}ng\;Ky\check{o}ng$ and Governer vessel was used to frontal headache, Soyang $Ky\check{o}ng$ to migraine, Taeyang $Ky\check{o}ng$ and Governer vessel to occipital headache. 6. LI4(合谷) and LU7(列缺) was used to general headache as basic acupuncture point.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.583-591
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• 2007

In this study, meteorological characteristics concerning the occurrence of fog are analyzed using 4-years (2000-2003) data at Chuncheon. From the analysis of meteorological characteristics, the fog at Chuncheon occurred before sunrise time and disappeared after that time and lasted for 2-4 hours. When fog occurred, on the whole, wind direction was blew the northerly and wind speed was below 2.1 m/s. Especially, about 42 % of foggy day fell on the calm($0{\sim}0.2m/s$) conditions. The difference between air temperature and dew point temperature near the surface were mainly less than $2^{\circ}C$. For the lack of water surface temperature, the water sur-face temperature was calculated by using Water Quality River Reservoir System (WQRRS). In Chuncheon, there is close correlation between the frequency of fog day and outflow from Soyang reservoir and high frequency of occurrence due to the difference between air and cold outlet water temperature.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.111-135
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• 2002

The result as following one was founded that investigate cause and acupuncture point for symptoms of headache, 1. Headache in distinction from doo-pung(頭風) was defined that it' period is short and treatment is easy. 2. The cause of headache was classified according to the interior and exterior cause of the body. 3. Total number of used acupuncture point was one hundred and six, and in order of using time acupuncture point was appeared as LI4(15), LU7(12), GB20(12), BL2(11), GV20(9), TE23(9), SI3(7), GV24(7), GV23(7) 4. The meridian distribution of acupuncture point is appeared as Bladder Meridian(21points), Gallbladder Meridian(18points), Governer vessel(14points), Triple Energizer meridian(12points), Large Intestine Meridian(9points), Small Intestine Meridian(7points), Stomach Meridian(7points) 5. According to headache position, the distribution of acupuncture point was appeared that $Yangmy\breve{o}ng$ $Ky\breve{o}ng$ and Governer vessel was used to frontal headache, Soyang $Ky\breve{o}ng$ to migraine, Taeyang $Ky\breve{o}ng$ and Governer vessel to occipital headache. 6. LI4(合谷) and LU7(列缺) was used to general headache as basic acupuncture point.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.340-350
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• 2011

1. Objectives: This clinical study was conducted to understand the differences between Sasang constitutional types and to identify the physical symptoms presentation specific to each Sasang constitutional type. 2. Methods: In this descriptive study, 2,629 subjects (1,061 Taeeum-type, 683 Soeum-type, 885 Soyang-type) were surveyed between Nov 1, 2007 and Jul 31, 2010. The subjective symptoms experienced by the subjects were collected using a Physical Symptoms questionnaire, and the subjects were interviewed by Sasang specialists who determined the subjects' constitutional type. The data (in crude number and percentage) was analyzed on the general characteristics, Sasang constitutional type, and physical symptoms using the SPSS 17.0 software. The symptomatic presentation in men and women were analyzed on Sasang constitutional distribution using the chi-square test. 3. Results: 1) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type were as follows: 'frequent aphthous lesions in the oral cavity', 'lingering fatigue after sleep', 'headache', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', and 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; 'physical deterioration presenting as problems in perspiration' and 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type; and 'excessive forgetfulness' in the Soyang type. 2) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type in men were as follows: 'Unilateral or bilateral headaches, 'frequent aphthous lesions in the oral cavity', 'common cold symptoms presenting as rhinorrhea or nasal congestion', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', and 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; and 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type. 3) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type in women were as follows: 'common cold symptoms presenting as headaches', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; and 'pain in knees', 'redness of eyes', 'dryness of mouth', 'common cold symptoms presenting as coughing', 'physical deterioration presenting as problems in perspiration', 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type. 4. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that physical symptoms present in constitutional type-specific patterns. Understanding of the personal Sasang constitutional type and systematic, personalized healthcare based on constitutional typology is anticipated to contribute to improved health management strategy.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1-13
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• 2001

Objective : To broaden understanding about relationship between Meridian Tendino-musculature and muscles in a lumbar area and to evaluate the effect of Meridian Tendino-musculature acupuncture and release therapy on acute lumbar sprain. Materials and Methods : From Oct. 1st, 2000 to Mar. 31th, 2001, 692 outpatient's chart of Kyung Won University Hospital were reviewed. Out of them, 39 outpatients were selected. they had low back pain, were diagnosed with acute lumbar sprain, showed only straightened curvature on lateral view of lumbar spine X-ray and get the Tendino-musculature acupuncture and release therapy. Results : 1. On patients' first visit, 72% had GrIII and Gr.IV predominantly. 2. Major muscles related with low back pain were divided into two groups. One was Quadratus lumborum group and the other was Rectus abdominis group. In the correlation with Meridian Tendino-musculature, the former was mainly related with Chok-taeyang(B) and slightly related with Chok-soyang(G), Chok-taeum(SP), the latter was mainly related with Chok-taeyum(SP), Chok-yangmyong(S) and slightly related with Chok-taeyang(B), Chok-soyang(G). 3. In the evaluation of treatment effect, Exellent was 27(69%), Good was 10(6%), Fair was 2(5%) and Bad was 0(0%). Fair rate reached 100% eventually. 4. Most of Gr.Ⅲ, Gr.Ⅳ patients who had severe conditions that almost every R.O.M. was limited and Milgram test positive was shown on the physical examination, were fully recovered and lived normal daily life without admission by Meridian Tendino-musculature acupuncture and release therapy within 3 to 5, 4 to 7 days, respectively, since they had started to get their outpatient treatment. 5. Two patients was troubled with pain induced, by twitching response and acupuncure stimuli, which lasted around acupunctured muscle for about a day after treatment, so they coudn't endure the pain and quitted treatment in spite of Fair condition. conclusion : Meridian Tendino-musculature acupuncture and release therapy was found to be helpful to patients who wish to recover from their back pain induced by acute lumbar sprain as soon as possible, but the treatment actually had some problems to be overcome such as pain during or after the treatment. therefor, in order to make this treatment method more available, we should pay more attention to improving treatment appliance and acupuncture technique.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.6_1
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• pp.1119-1130
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• 2018

Soyang Lake has been contributing to economic growth by preventing flood damage in the metropolitan area, the water level in the middle to upper flow of lake has been greatly decreased due to the drought in 2015. In order to restore the existing flow rate, Bupyungbo has been built in Bupyeong-ri, Shin Nam-myeon, Inje-gun to cause artificial changes on the sedimentary environment of Bupyeong freshwater region. Therefore, this study intends to confirm the changes of sedimentary environment since Bupyeongbo has been utilized. For this study, we used the Sentinel-2 satellite image data periodically to measure the dimension of water according to the volume of water kept near Bupyung district and analyzed the particle size and the percentage of water content of the sediments through field study. The Sentnel-2 satellite images showed us how the water surface has been changed and that during the period from September 2017 to October 2018, the minimum and maximum area of water surface was observed in June 2018 and in January 2018, respectively. In addition, we find that the smaller being the particle size, the higher having the water content and that there is higher the correlation between the water content and the grain size of the sediment layer. Hereafter, if we will acquire the drone images at Bupyung district, we expect that we will be able to measure the distribution of sediments in the same area according to different time periods and observe various kinds of sediment through field work.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.201-213
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• 2007

In this study, the Batter Assessment Science Integrating point and Nonpoint Sources (BASINS 3.0)/window interface to Hydrological Simulation Program-FPRTRAN (WinHSPF) was applied for assessment of Soyang Dam watershed. WinHSPF calibration was performed using monitoring data from 2000 to 2004 to simulate stream flow. Water quality (water temperature, DO, BOD, nitrate, total organic nitrogen, total nitrogen, total organic phosphorus and total phosphorus) was calibrated. Calibration results for dry-days and wet-days simulation were reasonably matched with observed data in stream flow, temperature, DO, BOD and nutrient simulation. Some deviation in the model results were caused by the lack of measured watershed data, hydraulic structure data and meteorological data. It was found that most of pollutant loading was contributed by nonpoint source pollution showing about $98.6%{\sim}99.0%$. The WinHSPF BMPRAC was applied to evaluate the water quality improvement. These scenarios included constructed wetland for controlling nonpoint source poilution and wet detention pond. The results illustrated that reasonably reduced pollutant loadin. Overall, BASINS/WinHSPF was found to be applicable and can be a powerful tool in pollutant loading and BMP efficiency estimation from the watershed.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2006

To remove ringing and increase vertical resolution of GRP data, signature deconvolution was applied to GPR data obtained using a 100 MHz antenna in the Soyang Lake. The signature was extracted through stacking reflection signals from the lake bottom. Results of this deterministic deconvolution was compared with those from the conventional Wienner method. Due to increased vertical resolution, both deconvolution methods are able to resolve three or more layers in an apparent single layer on the input data. However, identification of reflection boundaries from ringing is not easy due to poor definition in the output data of the Wienner filter. On the contrary, the signature deconvolution greatly enhances both vertical resolution and definition of reflection boundaries, showing detailed internal stratigraphic features of the three sedimentary layers. Since extraction of signature at various depths is possible, this deconvolution method can be appled effectively to unstationary GPR data.