• 생태와환경
• /
• 제55권1호
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 2022

배수갑문의 설치가 하구 환경 및 어류군집에 미치는 영향을 파악하고 분석하기 위해 국내에 위치한 총 325개의 하구를 대상으로 2016년부터 2018년까지 조사를 실시하였다. 닫힌하구와 열린하구의 전반적인 어류군집은 차이가 있는 것으로 확인되었으며, 닫힌하구에서는 일차담수어류, 열린하구에서는 기수성 어류와 회유성 어류의 상대풍부도가 높게 나타났다. 해역별로 닫힌하구와 열린하구의 어류를 서식특성별로 구분한 결과에서 남해와 서해는 유사한 경향성을 나타냈으며, 닫힌하구에서 일차담수어류 비율이 가장 높고 열린하구에서는 기수성 어류의 비율이 가장 높으나, 동해에서는 닫힌하구와 열린하구 모두에서 기수성 어류와 회유성 어류의 비율이 높았다. 일차담수어류의 경우 염분에 대한 내성이 없거나 낮은 염분 내성 범위를 가지기 때문에 해수의 순환이 차단되어 염분농도가 낮아진 닫힌하구에서 높은 비율로 나타난다. 그러나, 동해의 경우 닫힌하구보다 열린하구에서 일차담수어류의 비율이 높았으며, 이는 동해안 지역의 특성(조차, 모래사주 등)이 반영된 결과로 판단된다. 또한, 하구어류평가지수(KEFAI)는 모든 해역별 열린하구에서 높은 것으로 확인되었으며(T-test, P<0.001), 닫힌하구는 남해, 열린하구는 동해에서 가장 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 해역별로 닫힌하구와 열린하구를 구성하는 어류군집은 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며(PERMANOVA, East, Pseudo-F =3.0198, P =0.002; South, Pseudo-F =22.00, P=0.001; West, Pseudo-F=14.067, P=0.001), 해역별 어류군집 유사도에서도 동해, 남해, 서해의 닫힌하구와 열린하구의 어류군집이 뚜렷하게 차이남을 확인하였다(SIMPER, Group dissimilarity, 85.85%, 88.36%, 88.05%). 본 연구는 전국 하구의 유형에 따른 어류군집 특성 및 분포에 대한 정보를 제공하였다. 본 연구 결과는 향후 하구의 관리와 복원에 있어 해역 및 유형에 따라 적절한 관리방안을 수립하는 데에 활용될 수 있다.

• ALGAE
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.135-140
• /
• 2008

A field survey for dinoflagellate cysts was carried out from May 2000 to November 2002 for the Southwest Sea of Korea. A total dinoflagellate cysts identified were 33 species, which belonged to 17 genera, 31 species, and 2 unidentified species. A cysts density were 16-1,501 cysts-gdry$^{-1}$. The dominant species of dinoflagellate cysts in the Southwestern Sea of Korea were Spiniferites bulloideus and Scrippsiella trochoidea, which are autotrophic species. To investigate the environmental characteristics of the Southwestern Sea of Korea using the dinoflagellate cysts, a principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted using the data collected from a total of 51 stations. From the score distribution map by the PCA, the Southwestern Sea of Korea was largely divided into three regions according to the first primary component and the second primary component. In other words, Group 1 was the western sea area of Mokpo and Jindo, Group 2 was the outer sea area of the South Sea, and Group 3 was the coastal areas of the South Sea around the Archipelago. It was found that this division of sea area was influenced by effects of the sea environment of the coastal areas of Korea. The coastal areas of Mokpo and Jindo that belong to Group 1 were affected by the cold Yellow Sea water. The outer sea area of the central parts of the South Sea that belong to Group 2, which is the boundary between the Southern coastal water of Korea and the Tsushima warm water, was subject to the formation of temperature fronts throughout the year, while Group 3 was affected by the coastal waters of Korea. It was also found that this division was in close relationship with the distribution of sediment facies in the bottom layer. From the above results, the environmental factors that influence the cyst distribution in he Southwestern Sea of Korea were found to include the eutrophication status of the sea area, the physical characteristics of the sea environment such as the flow of sea current and fronts, the sediment facies in the bottom layer, and the appearance volume of motile cells.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.212-223
• /
• 2002

Cochlodinium polykrikoides bloom in 1995 was studied with a focus on an unusual coastal environment in the South Sea of Korea. Data on temperature, salinity, and zooplankton biomass during 1965-1998 and nutrients during 1990-1998 and chlorophyll-a during 1995-1998 were used in this study. These data were obtained from the serial oceanographic observations in Korean waters carried out by the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute. In 1995 the C. polykrikoides bloom began in the coastal area around Narodo Island in August and consequently occurred to the whole coastal area of the South and East Seas of Korea. During June-October 1995, the coastal environment was unusual compared with the long-term means during 1965-1998. In June 1995, sea surface temperature was 1-2$^{\circ}C$ warmer than in other years in all coastal areas, while salinity was high only to the east of Jeju Island. In August 1995, a strong coastal front appeared inshore of a line between Jeju and Tsushima Islands. In particular, a strong coastal front which showed the characteristics of upwelling front occurred in the coastal area around Narodo and Sorido Islands, not only because of a strong intrusion of the Tsushima Warm Current but also because of the upwelling of cold bottom water. Salinity was low in the neighboring waters of western side of Jeju Island. Nutrients and chlorophyll-a were high in the inshore area between Narodo and Sorido Islands in 1995 in contrast with the other years and areas. Zooplankton showed an unusually high abundance in the coastal area in October 1995. We conclude that the Tsushima Warm Current strongly influenced the South Sea of Korea in 1995 and created strong upwelling front bordering cold upwelled water in the coastal area around Narodo and Sorido Islands. It leads us that these physical structures introduce the favorable environment for the development of C. polykrikoides blooms. We suggest that C. polykrikoides has a bio-physical tolerance of high shear and stress and prefers frontal and upwelling relaxed areas as its habitat. We also find that nutrients were not supplied to the coastal area from the offshore where a low salinity water mass with high nutrients appeared around Jeju Island. Because the strong upwelling front protect the reach of offshore low saline water mass. The main source of nutrients was the upwelled water mass in the coastal area of Wando-Narodo-Sorido.

• 한국지구과학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.337-345
• /
• 2003

황해 남동해역의 제주도 연안에 분포하고 있는 퇴적물의 근원지를 조사하기 위해 표층 퇴적물의 입자조직, 지화학 성분 그리고 점토광물 분석이 이루어졌다. 본 연구에서 Ti/AI, Nb/Al 그리고 Rb/Al 비 등을 포함한 특징적인 원소성분도(geochemical discrimination diagram)와 희토류 원소들의 함량 특성은 퇴적물의 근원지를 판단하는데 매우 유용한 지시자들로 제시된다. 이들 결과에 의하면, 연구해역의 세립질 퇴적물은 대부분 증국의 양자강으로부터 기원 ${\cdot}$ 운반 퇴적되었으며, 조질질 퇴적물은 주변 화산암의 풍화 잔류물인 것으로 해석된다. 창해와 동중국해에서 치근 조사된 해수의 순환 패턴과 물리-화학적 특성은 양자강으로부터 기원된 세립 퇴적물이 연구해역을 포함한 한반도 남해(황해 남동해역) 연안역까지 운반 퇴적될 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 1999

해양오염의 진단을 위한 생화학적 오염지표 설정의 기초연구의 일환으로, 오염이 심각한 남해산 넙치 (Paralichthys olivaceus)의 뇌조직 및 근육중의 AChE와 BChE의 활성 및 LDH의 활성을 분석 평가하였다 남해안의 양식산 넙치의 뇌조직 및 근육중의 AChE의 활성은 대조군으로 사용한 동해안 포항의 자연산 넙치의 뇌조직 및 근육중의 AChE의 활성 대비 각각 $10\~20\%$ 및 $12\~19\%$정도나 유의적으로 억제되었을 뿐만 아니라 남해안의 양식산넙치의 뇌 조직 및 근육중의 BChE의 활성도 동해안 포항의 자연산 넙치의 뇌조직 및 근육중의 BChE의 활성 대비 각각 $25\~34\%$ 및 $22\~35\%$ 정도나 유의적으로 저하되었다. 한편 남해안의 양식산 넙치의 혈액중의 LDH의 활성은 동해안 포항의 자연산 넙치의 혈액중의 LDH의 활성 대비 $10\~55\%$정도나 유의적으로 증가하였다. 따라서 남해안 시료채취해역의 오염도가 서해안 시료채취해역의 오염도보다는 낮다고 할지라도 생태계에 문제를 줄 수 있다고 생각할 수 있다. AChE, BChE 및 LDH의 활성도는 해양의 환경평가를 위해 넓은 해역에 광범위하게 적용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.700-707
• /
• 2003

Surface sediments in the mouth area of Jinhae Bay were investigated to evaluate the benthic environment in terms of geochemical criteria and macrobenthos abundance. Characteristics of the surface sediment distribution exhibited muddy sediments in the most part of study area. Some mixed sediments of coarse sand and mud were distributed along the coastal area of Geoje Island and around the Jeo Islands. Organic matter from ignition loss and total organic carbon from CHNS varied between $8.8-1.7\%,\;and\;4.62-0.77\%,$ respectively. The source of organic matter based on the C/S ratio was mixed with in situ biogenic and terrigenous organic matter. The C/S ratio of organic matter also suggested both an anoxic bottom condition in several parts of the study area. The content of hydrogen sulfide in surface sediment was extremely variable and showed spatio-temporal variation from site to site. In several locations, the content of hydrogen sulfide as an index of eutrophication was over the critical value (0.2 mg/g), suggesting that several parts of the study area were not favorable for the habitat of macrobenthos. The relationship among the number of individuals of marcrobenthos, hydrogen sulfide, and organic matter was not clear, but a potential negative relationship between individuals of marcrobenthos and hydrogen sulfide was indicated.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제16권7호
• /
• pp.799-804
• /
• 2007

Oil spill caused severe effects on the marine fauna and flora due to direct contact of organisms with the oil and even in regions not directly affected by the spill. This study was conducted to understand the effects of the oil spill accidents and the use of dispersant on the red tide of Cochlodinium polykrikoides. Crude oil produced in Kuwait, bunker-C, kerosene and diesel oil, and a chemical dispersant produced in Korea, were added with a series of 10 ppb to 100 ppm in the f/2-Si medium at $20^{\circ}C$ under a photon flux from cool white fluorescent tubes of $100\;mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ in a 14: 10 h L:D cycle for the culture of C. polykrikoides. In low concentrations of ${\leq}$ 1 ppm of examined oils no impact on the growth of C. polykrikoides was recorded, while in high concentration of ${\geq}$ 10 ppm, cell density was significantly decreased with the range of 10 to 80% in comparison with the control. The growth of C. polykrikoides after the addition of the dispersant and the mixtures combined with oils and a dispersant of ${\geq}$ 10 ppm appeared to decrease, whereas the growth of C. polykrikoides exposed to ${\leq}$ 100 ppb showed little serious impact. However, almost all the C. polykrikoides cells were died regardless of a dispersant and combined mixtures within a few days after the addition of high concentrations.

• Ocean Science Journal
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2007

The summer distributions of planktonic microbial communities (heterotrophic and phtosynthetic bacteria, phtosynthetic and heterotrophic nanoflagellates, ciliate plankton, and microphytoplankton) were compared between inner and outer areas of Lake Sihwa, divided by an artificial breakwater, located on the western coast of Korea, in September 2003. The semi-enclosed, inner area was characterized by hyposaline surface water (<17 psu), and by low concentrations of dissolved oxygen (avg. $0.4\;mg\;L^{-1}$) and high concentrations of inorganic nutrients (nitrogenous nutrients $>36\;{\mu}M$, phosphate $>4\;{\mu}M$) in the bottom layer. Higher densities of heterotrophic bacteria and nanoflagellates also occurred in the inner area than did in the outer area, while microphytoplankton (mainly diatoms) occurred abundantly in the outer area. A tiny tintinnid ciliate, Tintinnopsis nana, bloomed into more than $10^6\;cells\;L^{-1}$ at the surface layer of the inner area, while its abundance was much lower ($10^3-10^4\;cells\;L^{-1}$) in the outer area of the breakwater. Ciliate abundance was highly correlated with heterotrophic bacteria (r = 0.886, p < 0.001) and heterotrophic flagellates (r = 0.962, p < 0.001), indicating that rich food availability may have led to the T. nana bloom. These results suggest that the breakwater causes the eutrophic environment in artificial lakes with limited flushing of enriched water and develops into abundant bacteria, nanoflagellates, and ciliates.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국독성학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.77-81
• /
• 2006

• 한국지형학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.129-140
• /
• 2016

Camera monitoring data for 5 years from January 2009 to January 2014 are analyzed to investigate changes in beach erosion on Sangju, Gujora and Haeundae beaches on the South sea and Jungmun beach on the south shore of Jeju Island. The data show the time series of beach area changes obtained from digital orthoimages rectified from oblique images taken near the beaches by cameras. Each beach has different sediment sizes and shapes, but faces the South and is eroded mainly during Typhoons. However, each beach often responds differently to the same Typhoon, and some beaches outside the influence of the Typhoon are also eroded. This study shows that high frequency data of beach area changes obtained from cameras can effectively analyze the seasonal changes in beach area.