• Korean Security Journal
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• no.54
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• pp.203-222
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• 2018

Public order management is one of the most important areas in policing. Drawing on the legal framework and policy, this study aims to assess practices of criminal justice practitioners, especially, police and prosecutors, in England and Wales. Using qualitative interviewing, four main themes are identified: (1) an emphasis on a right to protest, (2) police practices on public order management, (3) the development of police/prosecutor liaison, and (4) the value of video evidence. Based upon these findings, several legal, policy and practice implications are drawn. These implications involve a wide range of aspects concerning strategic, operational, and tactical interventions by the police, as well as collaboration between police and prosecutors. Although the criminal justice context in England and Wales is very different to South Korea, some practices and distinctions can be useful to consider in the Korean context. This study suggests that more gains can be made if legislation, policy, and practice across criminal justice nodes can be coordinated and approached holistically.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.369-376
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• 2014

I provide an overview of the application of hydroacoustic methods in South Korea to understand the current research status in relation to fisheries acoustics and to determine which areas require further study. One main purpose for using a scientific echosounder, a representative tool using the hydroacoustic method, is to evaluate the abundance of fisheries resources. Thus, two representative methods for abundance estimation are described. The history of fisheries acoustics worldwide is also summarized.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.52
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• pp.223-240
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• 2003

The present study is to identify personal factors of defecting North Korean residents that obstruct their settlement in South Korean communities. It will provide information about what perception, attitude and behaviors of defecting North Korean residents should be changed and what social skills should be improved in order to successfully adjust to South Korea. Personal obstacles were measured by police officers who are providing special protection for defecting North Korean residents, who are in a good position to observe behaviors of defecting North Korean residents because they are spending a great deal of time with them. They can even identify the personal obstacles not perceived by defecting North Korean residents themselves. Twenty-item scale was developed to measure the personal obstacles and was found to comprise 4 obstructing factors: self-supporting ability related factor, life style related factor, social and cultural adaptation related factor, and attitude toward police officer's support related factor. Among them, self-supporting ability related factor had the highest negative score. The study further revealed that self-support ability and life style related factors had a significant effect on the job burden of police officers. The findings suggested the necessity of ethical and moral education for the defecting North Korean residents.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.45
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• pp.7-35
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• 2015

South Korea's socioeconomic status is high enough to support services for the protection of crime victims. Until now, the Ministry of Justice was the only institution to protect and support the victims, but recently the national police is included. This is considered preferable, since the police is the one to contact the victims first- they can provide immediate support after the incident. Several limits in current laws and crime protection system exist. Therefore, given the importance of protecting victims, model of public-private joint forms should be considered. In premise of establishing a new relationship between the public-private joint system of justice and the maintenance, the range of police's involvement with crime supports will be determined. In the case of developed countries, the police and private organizations maintain close cooperation, appearing as substantial care and support for crime victims. Therefore this study reviews the problems in crime victim protection, assistance from the police stage, and suggest the improvements as follows. The first is to redefine the role of the police who first contacted in the crime victims protection support, the second is to establish a permanent cooperation framework, such as victims specialized police, victims protection agency, the third is to develop services for victim protection available from the police stage, and the fourth, opening Victim Support Center functioning as a temporary accommodation or safety zone for the personal protection of victims. The fifth is to regularize solution conference for victims' protection, and the sixth is to divide of roles in state organization government in charge of victim's protection and local government responsible for victim's support.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.59
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• pp.37-69
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• 2019

According to viewpoints of researchers and stakeholders, various opinions can be suggested on self-governing police system. Therefore, success of Korean self-governing police system will be defending on how to balance among conflicting values such as Empowerment, Political neutrality, Financial issues, Comprehensive competence in maintaining public safety. Before the launching of self-governing police system nation-wide, the experience of Jeju provincial police will be valuable model case. In specific, enlargement of work scope of self-governing police in Jeju province which has been introduced since last year will be a useful reference. There is more pessimism about self-governing police of Jeju province so far. However, this perspective is mostly based on the issue regarding hardwares such as manpower, equipment, law and organization. Issues regarding softwares such as organizational culture, operation system and work process need more attention to evaluate self-governing police system properly. To mark the first year after enlargement of work scope of Jeju police, this study demonstrate the overall result and implications of self-governing police of Jeju province based on documents, statistics, reports and media reports. In result, several preconditions are needed to implement the self-governing police system nation-wide successfully. 1. Strengthen the link between local government and local police 2. Establish the foundation for collaboration of state and local police 3. Enhance the aspect of citizen autonomy in local level 4. Reinforcing the capability of handling situation of state and local police 5. Invigorating the inter-organizational working group to operate self-governing police system effectively. The self-governing police system is unclosed topic to discuss. After this study, in-depth studies should be followed with more resources. Particularly, additional perspective including redundancy and equity need to be considered regarding self-governing police. By getting with the changes of macroscopic trends - lowbirth and aging, the fourth industrial revolution and possible reunification of north and south Koreas - these studies should suggest the long-term blueprint of self-governing police system of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.24-35
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• 2016

An acoustic and trawl pilot survey using a small vessel was conducted in Jinhae bay of the South Sea of South Korea on April 13~14, May 11~13 and June 8~10, 2015. During the survey, acoustic data was collected and bottom trawls were conducted at the same time. First, various noises were eliminated by using the Park method based on the Wang method (Wang et al., 2015; Park et al., 2015), the species compositions and catch rate from each bottom trawl were observed, and spatial distribution of fishery resources in the water column and their nautical area scattering coefficient (NASC) were investigated through acoustic data. During the entire survey period, 12 orders, 33 families and 41 species were caught. The most caught species in April, May and June were Okamejei kenojei, Zoarces gilli and Pholis nebulosa, respectively. Fish schools were observed near the line of net mouth height in April. Numerous weak scatters were presented on the echograms in May and June. Many fish schools appeared in between the water surface and 20 m deep in May. The NASC value from entire water columns was the lowest in April ($35.9m^2/n{\cdot}mile^2$) and highest in June ($1541.3m^2/n{\cdot}mile^2$).

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.9-24
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• 2015

Purpose of this study is to develop the proceeding strategies for establishing of the DMZ World Peace Park in Korea which is one of projects of the Park Geun-hye's Government. We basically dissolute the conflict between the South and North Korea, and we build the atmosphere reconciliations and cooperation between two Koreas, and go forward the peaceful unification. And thus we make ultimately the world peace and establish enduring peace in the Korean Peninsula. Through the analysis the 8 proceeding strategies. Results of this study, I verified possibility of proceeding for establishing of the DMZ World Peace Park, and urgent need of policy development and support by the local governments, and we need to start the project in the South first.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.820-823
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• 2006

Nonlinear internal waves (NLIW) were studied as a unusual phenomena in the ocean decades ago. As the quality, quantity and variety of satellite images improve over decades, it is founded that NLIW is a ubiquitous phenomenon. Over the continental shelf of northern South China Sea (SCS), both optical and microwave images show that there are trains of NLIW packets near Dongsha Atoll (20.7N, 116.8E). Each packet contains several NLIW fronts. These NLIW packets are nearly parallel to each other and they are refracted, reflected or diffracted by the change of ocean bottom topography. Based on Korteweg de Vries (KdV) theory and the assumption that the bright/dark lines in the satellite images are centers of convergence/divergence of NLIW fronts, one may (1) sort NLIW packets in the same satellite image into groups of the same source, but generated at different tidal cycles, (2) relate NLIW packets in consecutive satellite images of one day apart, (3) locating faint signals of NLIW fronts in a satellite image. The NLIWs travel more than 100 km/day near Dongsha Atoll, with higher speed in deeper water. The bias and standard deviation of predicted location of NLIW front from its true location is about 1% and 5.1%, respectively.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.934-937
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• 2006

In the northeastern South China Sea (SCS), fast westward moving (about 2.9 m/s) non-linear internal waves (NLIWs) are emanated nearly daily from the Luzon Strait. Their propagation speed is faster than NLIWs previously observed in the deep water of world oceans, their amplitude of 140 m or more is the largest free propagating NLIWs so far observed in the deep ocean. These NLIWs energized the top 1500 m of the water column, heaving it up and down in 20 min. Their associated energy density and energy flux are the largest observed to date. During 2005 and 2006 experiment, they were found west of the HengChun Ridge (HCR) that links Luzon and Taiwan Islands. This coincides with founding in satellite images, no NLIW front was found east of HCR. But, the turbulent environment east of HCR may prohibit surface signature of NLIWs that were emanated from sills between Batan Islands. The relative contribution of the two ridges on NLIW in Luzon Strait is still under study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.432-440
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• 2015

The hydro-acoustic technology has been widely used in not only South Korea but also many foreign countries for various scientific purposes. Unfortunately acoustic data especially collected from field surveys may contain noises caused by a variety of sources. Therefore, it is exceedingly important to eliminate noises when acoustic data are analyzed to derive quantitative results. This study introduced two methods for eliminating noises easily and effectively using post-processing software. Used acoustic data were collected on the Jinhae bay and Tongyeong coast of the South Sea in April 2015. The first method, that is the Wang's method, placed emphasis on 'erosion filter' to eliminate only data samples contaminated by noises. The second method (Yamandu's method) focused on the 'resample by number of pings' to remove pings contained noises. To substantiate the effectiveness of two methods, the mean Sv (Volume backscattering strength), mean height and depth of the fish schools detected were compared between before and after using the noise elimination methods. In the Wang's method the mean Sv was decreased from -52.4 dB to -52.9 dB, and in the Yamandu's method from -52.6 dB to -53.3 dB, indicating that noises were successfully eliminated. The mean height (1.5 m) and depth (19.0 m) were same between before and after using two methods showing that the shapes of fish schools were not changed.