• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제39권8호
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• pp.836-846
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• 1990

This paper presents a Static Var Compensator (SVC) system compensating the reactive power for power system, which consists of a voltage type Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) converter and a reactance linking the converter to the source. The system drives the four quadrant modes. The system determines the magnitude of the input voltage, and then compares it with the magnitude of the source voltage by regulating the phase of the SVC about the source. Therefore, the system generates leading compensation currents when the input voltage is larger than the source in magnitude, and lagging compensation currents for smaller input voltage. Reactive power about voluntary load in power system is smoothly compensated by those compensation currents, and also power factor of source is improved. Furthermore, the SVC system using PWM method may improve the source current waveforms by eliminating the 5th and 7th harmonic components from the input voltages.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.190-197
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• 2011

고선량률 근접치료에 사용되는 상업용 선원과 치료계획 시스템들은 AAPM TG 43에서 권고하는 점 및 선 선원에 의해 선량분포를 계산한다. 하지만, 근접치료용 선원에 대한 인체 내의 정확한 선량계산을 위해서 3차원 부피의 선원을 고려하는 MC 기반의 선량계산 방법이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 microSelectron HDR Ir-192 선원을 작은 부분으로 분할하여 계산하는 미소선원 적분법을 이용하여 기하학적 인수를 계산하였다. 또한, 범용 방사선 수송코드인 MCNPX를 사용하여 30 cm 직경의 구형 물 팬텀 내에서 선원의 선량률을 계산하여 비등방성함수와 반경선량함수를 구하였다. 그 결과를 MC 기반 광자 수송코드인 MCPT를 사용하여 계산한 Williamson의 결과와 비교 및 분석하였다. 미소선원 적분법과 선 선원 근사법에 따른 기하학적 인수는 $r{\geq}0.5cm$에서는 0.2% 이내에서 일치하였고 r=0.1 cm일 때 1.33%의 차이를 보였다. 본 연구에서 계산된 비등방성함수와 반경선량함수가 Williamson의 계산된 결과의 차이는 비등방성함수의 경우 r=0.25 cm에 서 2.33%의 가장 큰 R-RMSE를 보였고 $r{\geq}0.5cm$에서는 1% 미만의 R-RMSE를 보였다. 반경선량함수의 경우는 r=0.1~14.0 cm에서 0.46%의 R-RMSE를 보였다. 미소선원 적분법과 선 선원 근사법으로 계산한 기하학적 인수는 $r{\geq}0.1cm$에서 잘 일치하지만 3차원의 Ir-192 선원을 적용하여 계산한 미소선원 적분법이 실제 기하학적 인수를 잘 반영할 것으로 생각된다. r=0.25 cm에서 비등방성함수를 제외하고는 MCPT와 MCNPX의 몬테칼로 코드를 이용하여 얻어진 비등방성함수와 반경선량함수는 각각의 몬테칼로 코드에 대한 불확실성 이내에서 잘 일치함을 확인하였다. 따라서 MCNPX 전산모사 결과를 통해 TG-43의 선량 계산식에 사용된 인자를 Williamson 등의 결과와 비교 및 검증함으로써, 추후 다른 종류의 선원에 대해서도 Monte Carlo 기반의 연구가 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.199-208
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• 2012

This paper proposes a quasi Z-source DVR(Dynamic Voltage Restorer) system with a series connection of the output terminals, to compensate the voltage variations in the 6.6[kV]/60[Hz] power distribution system. The conventional DVR using one quasi Z-source AC-AC converter has the advantage which it can compensate the voltage variations without the need for the additional energy storage device such as a battery, but it is impossible to compensate for the 50[%] under voltage sags. To solve this problem, a DVR system using two quasi Z-source AC-AC converters with the series connection of the output terminals is proposed. By controlling the duty ratio D in the buck-boost mode, the proposed system can control the compensation voltage. For case verification of the proposed system, PSIM simulation is achieved. As a result, in case that the voltage sags-swells occur 10[%], 20[%], 60[%] in power distribution system, and, in case that the 50[%] under voltage sags-swells continuously occur, all case could compensate by the proposed system. Especially, the compensated voltage THD was examined under the condition of the 10[%]~50[%] voltage sags and the 20[${\Omega}$]~100[${\Omega}$] load changes. The compensated voltage THD was worse for the higher load resistances and more severe voltage sags. Finally, In case of the voltage swells compensation, the compensation factor has approached nearly 1 regardless of the load resistance changes, while the compensation factor of voltage sags was related to the load variations.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.257-280
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• 2014

In this paper, a novel PARAllel FACtor (PARAFAC) decomposition based Blind Source Separation (BSS) algorithm is proposed for modal identification of structures equipped with tuned mass dampers. Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are extremely effective vibration absorbers in tall flexible structures, but prone to get de-tuned due to accidental changes in structural properties, alteration in operating conditions, and incorrect design forecasts. Presence of closely spaced modes in structures coupled with TMDs renders output-only modal identification difficult. Over the last decade, second-order BSS algorithms have shown significant promise in the area of ambient modal identification. These methods employ joint diagonalization of covariance matrices of measurements to estimate the mixing matrix (mode shape coefficients) and sources (modal responses). Recently, PARAFAC BSS model has evolved as a powerful multi-linear algebra tool for decomposing an $n^{th}$ order tensor into a number of rank-1 tensors. This method is utilized in the context of modal identification in the present study. Covariance matrices of measurements at several lags are used to form a $3^{rd}$ order tensor and then PARAFAC decomposition is employed to obtain the desired number of components, comprising of modal responses and the mixing matrix. The strong uniqueness properties of PARAFAC models enable direct source separation with fine spectral resolution even in cases where the number of sensor observations is less compared to the number of target modes, i.e., the underdetermined case. This capability is exploited to separate closely spaced modes of the TMDs using partial measurements, and subsequently to estimate modal parameters. The proposed method is validated using extensive numerical studies comprising of multi-degree-of-freedom simulation models equipped with TMDs, as well as with an experimental set-up.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.373-379
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• 2012

This paper presents a fault location algorithm based on the adaptively estimated value of the local sequence source impedance for faults on a parallel transmission line. This algorithm uses only the local voltage and current signals of a faulted circuit. The remote current signals and the zero-sequence current of the healthy adjacent circuit are calculated by using the current distribution factors together with the local terminal currents of the faulted circuit. The current distribution factors consist of local equivalent source impedance and the others such as fault distance, line impedance and remote equivalent source impedance. It means that the values of the current distribution factors can change according to the operation condition of a power system. Consequently, the accuracy of the fault location algorithm is affected by the two values of equivalent source impedances, one is local source impedance and the other is remote source impedance. Nevertheless, only the local equivalent impedance can be estimated in this paper. A series of test results using EMTP simulation data show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm is valid for a double-circuit transmission line system where the equivalent source impedance changes continuously.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권8호
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• pp.1600-1609
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• 2017

The accelerator-driven subcritical system (ADS) is driven by a neutron source from spallation reactions introduced by the injected proton beam. Part of the neutron source has energy as high as a few hundred MeV to a few GeV. The effects of high-energy source neutrons ($E_n$ > 20 MeV) are usually approximated by energy cut-off treatment in practical core calculations, which can overestimate the predicted proton beam current in the ADS design. This article intends to quantize this effect and propose a way to solve this problem. To evaluate the effects of high-energy neutrons in the subcritical core, two models are established aiming to cover the features of current experimental facilities and industrial-scale ADS in the future. The results show that high-energy neutrons with $E_n$ > 20 MeV are of small fraction (2.6%) in the neutron source, but their contribution to the source efficiency is about 23% for the large scale ADS. Based on this, a neutron source efficiency correction factor is proposed. Tests show that the new correction method works well in the ADS calculation. This method can effectively improve the accuracy of the prediction of the proton beam current.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of head scatter factor (S_c) by applying a developed multi-leaf collimator (MLC) scatter source model for an unflattened photon beam. Methods: Sets of S_c values were measured for various jaw-defined square and rectangular fields and MLC-defined square fields for developing dual-source model (DSM) and MLC scatter model. A 6 MV unflattened photon beam has been used. Measurements were performed using a 0.125 cm³ cylindrical ionization chamber and a mini phantom. Then, the parameters of both models have been optimized, and S_c has been calculated. The DSM and MLC scatter models have been verified by comparing the calculated values to the three S_c set measurement values of the jaw-defined field and the two S_c set measurement values of MLC-defined fields used in the existing modeling, respectively. Results: For jaw-defined fields, the calculated S_c using the DSM was consistent with the measured S_c value. This demonstrates that the DSM was properly optimized and modeled for the measured values. For the MLC-defined fields, the accuracy between the calculated and measured S_c values with the addition of the MLC scatter source appeared to be high, but the only use of the DSM resulted in a significantly bigger differences. Conclusions: Both the DSM and MLC models could also be applied to an unflattened beam. When considering scattered radiation from the MLC by adding an MLC scatter source model, it showed a higher degree of agreement with the actual measured S_c value than when using only DSM in the same way as in previous studies.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.156-164
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• 1998

3상 전압원 PWM 컨버터의 동작 영역을 동기 좌표계의 전류 벡터 평면에서 구분하고 그 특징을 설명하였다. 그 중 감역률 영역에서는 주어진 부하에 해당하는 입력 전류를 단위 역률로 제어하는 경우, 입력 전류는 왜곡되고 DC 링크 전압에는 맥동과 제어 오차가 발생하게 되어 주어진 부하 조건에서는 좋은 제어 성과를 얻을 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하는 최적 전류 벡터를 선정하는 방법을 제안하였다. 최적 전류 벡터의 선정으로 입력 전류를 가능한 최대 역률로서 정현적으로 제어하는 동시에 안정한 DC 링크 전압을 제어할 수 있게 하여 3상 전압원 PWM 컨버터의 동작 영역을 확장시킬 수 있다. 제안된 제어 방법을 실험을 통하여 증명하였다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.975-982
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• 2007

The single-phase switched reluctance motor(SRM) drive requires DC source which is generally supplied through a rectifier connected with a commercial source. The rectifier is consist of a diode full bridge and a filter circuit. Usually the filter circuit uses capacitor with large value capacitance to reduce ripple component of DC power. Although the peak torque ripple of SRM is small, the short charge and discharge current of the filter capacitor draws the low power factor and system efficiency. A modified single phase SRM drive system is presented in this paper, which includes drive circuit realizing reduction of torque ripple and improvement of power factor. In the proposed drive circuit, one switching part and diode which can separate the output of AC/DC rectifier from the filter capacitor is added. Also, a upper switch of drive circuit is exchanged a diode in order to reduce power switching device. Therefore the number of power switch device is not changed, two diodes are only added in the SRM drive. To verify the proposed system, some simulation and experimental results are presented.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2011

파워를 이용하는 음향 변환자를 설계할 경우 전기적 신호의 에너지가 가급적 많이 음향 에너지로 바뀌어서 전달되도록 하여야 한다. 이를 위해서는 방사임피던스를 포함한 초음파 변환자의 임피던스와 파워 앰프의 출력 임피던스 간에 정합이 필요하다. 특히 구동부의 출력 임피던스 값이 매우 작은 경우 센서의 역률 개선이 꼭 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 광대역 수중 음향 발신기의 역률 개선을 위해서 ABCD 전송 행렬을 사용한 정합 기법을 제안한다.