• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1036-1041
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• 2003

Non-destruction examinations are required in medical sciences and various engineering now. We wish to emulate the examinations in very simplified experiments. It is an educational program. We show a neural network analysis to predict the locations of a sound-source or a body irradiated by sound-waves in audio-region. The sound is an interest flux, and it enables to clear local-structures in a non-transparent space. However, the sound-propagation equations are not solved easily, therefore, we consider to adopt multi-layer neural-networks instead of the direct solutions. We used detected intensities and coordinates for input data and teaching data. A neural network learned them. The neural-network analysis decomposed the distance of 50cm. The resolution is rather rough; however, it is caused by the limitation of our equipments. Since there is no problem in the neural network processing, if we could revise experiments, then, progress of the resolution would be got. Thus, the proposed method functioned as an educational and simplified non-destruction examination.

• 음성과학
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2008

In many practical applications of robots, finding the location of an incoming sound is an important issue for the development of efficient human robot interface. Most sound source localization algorithms make use of only those microphones that are acoustically visible from the sound source or do not take into account the effect of sound diffraction, thereby degrading the sound source localization performance. This paper proposes a new sound source localization method that can utilize those microphones that are acoustically shadowed from the sound source. The experiment results show that use of the acoustically shadowed microphones, which receive higher signal-to-noise ratio signals than the others and are closer to the sound source, improves the performance of sound source localization.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.109-117
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• 1997

The temperature gradient in weldment changes the transit time and distorts the direction of the ultrasound beam to the higher temperature regions due to the lower sound speed in the hotter regions of the weldment. This paper describes a ray-tracing method for calculating the effects of temperature gradients on ultrasonic propagation in fillet arc weldig. In the method, weldment is conceptually devided into a number of layers and the refraction and sound speed at each layer is calculated using the temperature which calculated from analytical solution. Calculating the time and location of echoes arrived from various interfaces around a molten weld pool determines the optimum location of ultrasonic transducers and the correct position of flaws.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of TMJ sounds by computerized sound power-spectrum analyser(SONOPAK, Bioresearch Inc., U.S.A.). TMJ sounds were recorded and anaylsed in the 87 patients wit TMJ noises by SONOPAK. The followings are the criteria of TMJ sound analysis. 1. It is possible to record the location of the TMJ sound in relation to the opening/closing cycle of mouth. 2. It is possible to record amplitude of sound(loudness) and frequency of sound (Hz) 3. Clicks display a narrow band of sound within the 0-300 Hz range. The peak frequency generally occurs between 50-150 Hz. And crepitus appear as a wide band of sound, occuring from 0-1300Hz. The data obtained from quantitative TMJ sound analysis give lots of information, but further researches are needed.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 1994년도 학술발표대회논문집 상
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• pp.11-17
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• 1994

The increase of road traffic niose in residential area has been considered to be a serious environmental problem to deteriorate a living condition. The understanding of noise environment in multiple family housing is needed for noise reduction. This study attempts to find out the characteristics of noise environment. For this purpose, the field survey has been carried out to investigate the noise environment(sound level, quality of sound) and the residents' responses(noiseness, annoyance) for noise environment based on 173 households living in 3 apartment compounds built in Pusan according to site location. The major findings are as follows : 1. The sound levels by road traffic noise were measured by dB(A) and dB(Lin). The sound levels were : 77.0dB(A), 86.6dB(Lin) in D-Apt, 73.3dB(A), 82.6dB(Lin) in K-Apt, and 59.1dB(A), 74.6dB(Lin) in M-Apt. Especially, the difference between dB(A) and dB(Lin) was very big in the cae of M-Apt with a barriers for traffic noise reduction. 2. The internal sound levels were shown the soudn attenuation by horizontal distance and by opening or shuting condition of windows.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.146-156
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• 2015

본 연구는 흡음재와 확산체의 적용위치가 소공연장의 음향성능에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보았다. 서울의 대학로의 2000년 이후 개관한 36곳의 공연장의 평균크기로 소공연장의 표준모델을 설정하여 연구를 진행하였다. 본 연구에서는 마감재 적용유효면적이 가장 작은 뒷벽을 기준으로 마감재의 적용면적을 산출하고, 마감재의 적용위치별 음향성능 변화를 분석하기 위하여 천장, 측벽의 적용위치를 전반부, 중반부, 후반부로 구분하여 총 8가지의 경우를 만들어, 1/10 축소모형실험을 진행하였다. 사용된 음향지표는 잔향시간(Reverberation Time, RT), 초기감쇠시간(Early Decay Time, EDT), 음악명료도(Clarity, C80), 음성명료도(Definition, D50), 음성전달지수(Speech Transmission Index, STI)를 이용하였다. 실험결과 마감재의 적용위치 변화는 소리의 울림에 양과 관련된 음향인자인 잔향시간, 초기감쇠시간 은 최소 변화 감지폭에 의한 (Just Noticeable Difference, JND) 평가시 변화가 뚜렷하게 나타났고, 소리의 명료도와 관련된 인자인 음악명료도, 음성명료도, 음성전달지수는 변화가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 짧은 잔향시간을 얻고자 하는 경우 흡음재와 확산체 적용시 모두 측벽부분을 통한 잔향시간 조절이 가장 효과적이며, 측벽 전반부가 가장 짧은 잔향시간을 얻을 수 있는 위치인 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.1436-1443
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• 1989

In this paper, we propose a maximum-likelihood estimation(MLE) method to obtain the location and the amplitude of the pulses in MPE( multi-pulse excitation)-LPC speech synthesis using multi-pulses as excitation source. This MLE method computes the value maximizing the likelihood function with respect to unknown parameters(amplitude and position of the pulses) for the observed data sequence. Thus in the case of overlapped pulses, the method is equivalent to Ozawa's crosscorrelation method, resulting in equal amount of computation and sound quality with the cross-correlation method. We show by computer simulation: the multi-pulses obtained by MLE method are(1) pseudo-periodic in pitch in the case of voicde sound, (2) the pulses are random for unvoiced sound, (3) the pulses change from random to periodic in the interval where the original speech signal changes from unvoiced to voiced. Short time power specta of original speech and syunthesized speech obtained by using multi-pulses as excitation source are quite similar to each other at the formants.

• 융합신호처리학회 학술대회논문집
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• 한국신호처리시스템학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.274-277
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• 2005

Panning is the way in which to realize a spatial sound in MIDI by moving sound images by the loudness of each channel. However, there is a limitation for the natural spatial sound. The HRTF (Head Related Transfer Function) has been widely known as one of the ways to realize spatial sound using the two channels, but it needs much processing power. It is very hard to implement a real time processing structure. In this paper, we propose an improved 3D sound model for the spatial sound location by changing the acoustic parameters. We could get a good result from the experiment with MIDI Pan and our Model.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.343-352
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• 2012

To follow a sound source by a mobile robot, the relative position and orientation of the sound source from the mobile robot have been estimated using a microphone array. In this research, the difference among the traveling times of the sound source to each of three microphones has been used to calculate the distance and orientation of the sound source from the mobile robot which carries the microphone array. The cross-correlation between two signals has been applied for detecting the time difference between two signals, which provides reliable and precise value of the time difference comparing to the conventional methods. To generate the tracking direction to the sound source, fuzzy rules are applied and the results are used to control the mobile robot in a real-time. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm has been demonstrated through the real experiments comparing to the conventional approaches.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2003

This paper considers the sound radiation characteristics of a cracked rectangular vibrating plate, varying the orientation angle of a line crack. The vibration response of the cracked vibrating plate is obtained by using ANSYS, the acoustic theory based on the lumped parameter model is used to calculate radiated sound power. The radiated sound powers are computed with varying the orientation angle of the crack: i.e, 0$^{\circ}$, 45$^{\circ}$, and 90$^{\circ}$. It is found that characteristics of the radiated sound power are very closely related to the crack orientation, vibration mode and crack location.