• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.22 no.1 s.56
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• pp.19-26
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• 2007

Accumulation of tributyltin (TBT) in serum, liver and muscle of olive flounder (Paralichtys olivaceus) was investigated in a 60-d static renewal exposure at $0.1{\mu}g$ TBT/L. Tributyltin accumulated rapidly from 83 ng Sn/g to 2,227 ng Sn/g on a wet weight basis in the serum of the olive flounder and to a greater extent than in the other tissues. The accumulated TBT concentrations in tissues were in the order of serum>liver>muscle on wet or dry-weight basis. High concentrations of dibutyltin (DBT: 990 ng Sn/g dry wt) and monobutyltin (MBT: 141 ng Sn/g dry wt), degradation products of TBT were found in liver of olive flounder at the end of exposure. On the other hand, DBT and MBT was below the detection limits in muscle during the exposure, and only low concentration of DBT (56 ng Sn/g) were detectefd in serum. Butyltin compounds were also quantitatively determined in feral fine-spotted flounder (Pleuronichthys cornutus) collected from Gwangyang Bay as one of polluted area and Sori Island as a reference site. All three butyltin compounds were detected from the fine-spotted flounder from Gwangyang Bay up to 3,107 ng Sn/g of total butyltins in liver, while 120 ng Sn/g of total butyltin concentration was found in the liver of fish from Sori Island.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.28-38
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• 2014

For western music there has been a volume of researches on music information analysis for automatic transcription or content-based music retrieval. But it is hard to find the similar research on Korean traditional music. In this paper we propose several algorithms to automatically analyze the structure of Korean traditional music 'Pansori'. The proposed algorithm automatically distinguishes between the 'sound' part and 'speech' part which are named 'sori' and 'aniri', respectively, using the ratio of phonetic and pause time intervals. For rhythm called 'jangdan' classification the algorithm makes the robust decision using the majority voting process based on template matching. Also an algorithm is suggested to detect the bar positions in the 'sori' part based on Kalman filter. Every proposed algorithm in the paper works so well enough for the sample music sources of 'Pansori' that the results may be used to automatically transcribe the 'Pansori'.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.167-175
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• 2005

Based on the observation on 20, 23 and 26 July 2004, the distributions of temperature, salinity and stratification was investigated in relation to ebb, turn of tide and flood. The results are as follows: I) The high temperature and low saline water with $23.5\~24.0^{\circ}C\;and\;32.4\~33.0psu$ existed at Naro Island. 2) The cold surface water below $21.0^{\circ}C\;and\;33.0\~33.4psu$ appeared in the area near Gae Island and Geumo Island. 3) The cold and saline water, below $24.0^{\circ}C$ at the surface and $17.0^{\circ}C$ near the bottom, $32.8\~33.8psu$ at the surface and $33.8\~34.0psu$ near the bottom, existed in Sori Island. These waters were more saline compared to the South Sea Coastal Water with about 31.8psu. This suggests that the oceanic saline water intruded into the Bottol Bada through the area near Sori Island. The stratification appeared during all the observation periods due to a high solar radiation of $22MJ/m^2$, and a weak wind speed of 2.9m/s on the average while the mean speed of wind in July is around 3.9 m/s. It qualitatively suggested that the stratification was maintained during the observation periods because of a high solar radiation, a weak wind speed and intrusion of saline oceanic water.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.12 no.4 s.27
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• pp.285-291
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• 2006

In order to find the current structure between Sori Island and Yokji Island in the South Sea of Korea, water movements were measured in May, June, October and November of 2004 using ADCP(acoustic doppler current profiler). In the southwestern part of Yokji Island, northeastward flow in whole of depth was dominant by mean current The boundary layer between the upper layer and lower layer was formed between 15m and 20m and each layer different flow. The upper and lower layers have a different direction and speed of currents. In the calculated volume transport, the northeastward transport was greater than southwestward.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.172-178
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• 2001

K-Ar dating system of Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) was installed in 1997 and has been used since then. The system consists of high temperature graphite furnace, gas purification system, and mass spectrometer with data acquisition system. K-Ar age is determined by the measurement of the concentrations of Ar and K through isotope dilution method using $^{38}Ar$ as spike and flame spectroscopy, respectively. The accuracy and reliability for the K-Ar age are checked using the several K-Ar standard materials. Although the exact age determination for young samples of less than 1 Ma is hampered by small fluctuations of sensitivity and mass discrimination, the present system yields the reliable K-Ar age compared to the standard materials of Tertiary and Mesozoic age. The measurements for the SORI93 biotite with the recommended K-Ar age of $92.6\pm$0.6 Ma and Bern4M muscovite of $18.5\pm$0.6 Ma yield the reliable age of $92.1\pm$1.1 Ma and $17.8\pm$0.2 Ma, respectively.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.3 s.99
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• pp.363-368
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• 2007

Jeung-pyun, a very popular fermented rice cake consumed in Korea, consists mainly of rice, rice wine (Tak-Ju), and sugar. The effects of addition of different beans on the quality characteristics of the batter and Jeung-pyun were investigated. Six different beans were mixed with the rice flour at levels of 5% and 10% of the rice flour weight, respectively. The addition of Back-tae, Huk-tae, Sori-tae, which are types of soybeans, and black gram significantly increased the batter volume and viscosity. However, the fermented Back-tae (Cheongguk-jang) was not effective at increasing the batter volume and viscosity. The buffering effect of the beans was very significant on the fermented batter, and the decrease in pH of the fermented batter made with beans was less than that of the control batter without beans. Additions of the soybeans and Cheongguk-jang were most effective for the buffering effect in the fermented batter. Although the Back-tae, Huk tae, and Sori-tae were different colors and shapes, they were all soybeans and exhibited similar effects on the Jeung-pyun batter. However, the effects of the beans were not significant on the Jeung-pyun. The volume and moisture content of the Jeung-pyun made with beans were not significantly different from the volume and moisture of the Jeung-pyun made without beans. The above results suggest that the addition of different soybeans, mung beans, and black gram significantly effects on the properties of Jeung-pyun batter, but not Jeung-pyun itself.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.94-108
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• 1993

In order to investigate the relation between the environmental properties and catch fluctuation of set net fishing ground located in the coastal waters of Yeosu, oceanographic observation and catches on the grounds were carried out from Jan. to Dec. in 1990 and 1992. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1) Because of the surveyed area is a costal shallow water, the fishing ground was influenced largely by atmospheric phenomena such as air temperature. precipitation. etc. and so showed large variations in temperature and salinity yearly. The inner water flowed out mainly between Yeosu ad Namhe-do, and then through Kumo-do between Dolsan-do and Kumo-do. On the other hand, off shore water was supplied into the fishing ground from the vicinity of Sori-do and Yokchi-do. thus the fishing ground was occupied usually by various sources of water. 2) The water mass in the fishing ground were divided into the inner water(29.0～30.6$\textperthousand$) and the mixed water(31,7～32.2$\textperthousand$) and off shore water(32.3～32.8$\textperthousand$) accourding to the distribution of salinity from T-S diagram plotted all salinity data observed in 1990 and 1992. In summer the inner and mixing water which was formed by river flowed southerly and spread south-easterly in the vicinity of Kumo-do. The off shore water which supplied from the vicinity of Sori-do and Yokchi-do and inner water formed the thermal front and halo front in summer. 3) The fishes caught by the set net were arranged in the order of catch amounts as follows: Spanish mackerel>Horse mackerel >Hair tail>Common mackerel> Sardine> Anchovy. The Catches of anchovy and sardine were high in April to May and those of hair tail and horse mackerel in July to September, but spanish mackerel were caught during the whole period of fishing. When inner water and mixing water appeared respectively and inner water and mixing water speared together in the set net fishing ground, the set net showed a high catch.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.159-169
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• 2008

This study was aimed to classify the intertidal macrozoobenthic community status after 2 years of Sea Prince oil spill, and oil spill effects along oil spreading track from heavily impacted to unaffected reference site. Field sampling was initiated in late February and continued through November 1998 seasonally, after 2.5 years of oil spill. 7 rocky sampling sites were selected among coastal regions coated and/or affected by the Sea Prince spilled oil. Identified species was 158 species, 65 family, 24 order, 9 class, 5 phylum. Mollusca was the dominant faunal group comprising 100 species (63.3%), and followed by 38 species of Crustacea (24.1%), 12 species of Echinodermata (7.6%), 5 species of Porifera (3.2%), and 3 species of Cnidaria (1.9%). On Dugpo of Sori Island, the fewest species was collected from 28 species to 35 species seasonally among sampling stations. But far away Dugpo toward Gamak Bay, the number of species increased, collecting the maximum on Sohwoenggan Island. At the wreck site of Sori Island, especially the species number of attached animals such as poriferans and anthozoans was very low compared to another site. The density and biomass on the higher tidal zone increased toward the low affected sites, but biomass on middle tidal zone decreased. The invertebrate biomass of study area was dependent on the sessile animals. The major dominant species were small-sized barnacles, Chthmallus challengeri, periwinkles, Littorina brevicula, mussels, Septifer virgatus, and so on. The biomass of C. challengeri and L. brevicula on the higher tidal zone was highest in the wreck site of Sori Island and decreased further and further. However, mussels on the middle tidal zone showed the inverse trends because of the larger individual size of mussel inhabited in Sori Island than those of another sites. As a result of community analysis, the effect of oil spill was not found distinctly. Several ecological indices and cluster analysis did not show the meaningful variation with oil track despite of the conspicuous differences among tidal heights. These indicate that the macrozoobenthic community level of oil spreaded zone recovered in some degree after the Sea Prince oil spill accident, but population or individual levels of dominant sessile animals took more recovery times.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.39
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• pp.801-833
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• 2019

This article has reviewed on the characteristics of the Beompae (Buddhist chanting) performed by Gyeongjaeeosan Wonmyeongchang(唱) based on the result of musical style of Gyeongjae Anchaebi-sori as defined under the previous studies. And, through the comparison with the Beompae performed by Songam-chang (唱), a same type of musical piece, it contemplates on musical differences between the two singers. Results of the study are shown as follows. of Gyeongjaeeosan Seolhoeinyu-pyeon and of Socheongsaja-pyeon are sunged as Yuchi-Seong(聲) among Anchaebi-sori. 'main melody type' and 'ending type' are generally similar to the musical characteristics of the Yuchi-Seong(聲), and the differences between the two singers are detected from main melody type D and ending type b. In particular, under of Socheongsaja-pyeon, only the type a is detected among the two types. becouse ending note of ending-type 'a' is ended with 'sol'. The basic frame of the Jjaimsae(musical form) has been clarified in the previous studies that the Jjaimsae of Yuchi-Seong(聲) has been maintained just the way it is. However, even for the same Seong(聲), the combination of the 'main melody type' of passage has not been unified, and depending on the musical piece, it has been discovered that the combination of the 'main melody type' has been diversely organized. of Gyeongjaeeosan Bongsongsajapyeon belongs to Pyeon-gae-seong(聲) broadly from the Anchaebi-sori and it is shown to be So-seong(聲) in details. In particular, in the previous studies, the 'ending melody' of So-seong(聲) and the closing melody of were similar with a slight difference for the 'ending melody'. Such a difference is relation to the characteristics for sequentially descending melody of Wonmyeong-chang(唱). The 'Jjaimsae(The musical structure)' is not much different from the previous studies, and the 'yeok-eum(weaving lyrics)' of Songam-chang(唱) has strong tendency of 3-sobak rhythm while the Wonmyeong-chang (唱) is shown the tendency of 2-sobak rhythm in general for the difference.

• ALGAE
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.313-318
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• 2007

Studies have been made of the species composition and community structure of benthic marine algae at intertidal zone and subtidal zone of Youngdo at Busan. In this area, a total of 69 marine algal species including 10 Chlorophyta, 17 Phaeophyta and 42 Rhodophyta was identified. Dominant species in coverage were Enteromorpha linza, Ulva pertusa, Gelidium divaricatum, Hildenbrandtia rubra and Chondrus ocellatus throughout the year. Enteromorpha linza, Ulva pertusa, Porphyra yezoensis, Gelidium divaricatum, Corallina pilulifera, Grateloupia elliptica and Chondrus ocellatus vertically distributed in intertidal zone, while Ecklonia stolonifera, Gelidium amansii, Prionitis cornea, Gracilaria textorii, Acrosorium polyneurum and Phycodrys fimbriata in subtidal zone. The vertical distribution of subtidal zone were characterized by Ecklonia stolonifera at 1 to 5 m depths. During a year, biomass and length of Ecklonia stolonifera gradually decreased from March to January, but increased from February. Zoosporangial sori were observed from September to December. In conclusion, number of species in this area was remarkably reduced as compared to the previous data at Busan and it’s vicinity.